MEMORIAL 


INAUGURATION  OF  THE  STATUE 


FRANKLIN. 


PREPARED    AND    PRINTED 

BY    AUTHORITY    OF    THE    CITY    COUNCIL, 
BOSTON. 

1857. 


Geo.  C.  Rantl  &  A\crj,  Printers  W  tte  Citj. 


PREFACE. 


IN  complying  with  the  invitation  of  the  Committee  of  the 
City  Council,  and  the  Statue  Committee,  to  prepare  an  account 
of  the  work  of  art  now  standing  in  the  public  square  in  front 
of  City  Hall)  together  with  a  memorial  of  the  ceremonies 
attending  its  inauguration  on  the  seventeenth  of  September 
last,  the  editor  of  the  following  pages  was  prompted  by  a 
willingness  to  bestow  his  part  towards  the  tribute  so  justly 
rendered  to  the  memory  of  Boston's  most  remarkable  son, 
and  to  do  something,  however  humble,  towards  perpetuating 
one  of  the  greatest  demonstrations  ever  witnessed  within  the 
limits  of  his  native  city. 

Without  the  assistance  that  has  been  most  freely  given, 
and  the  information  which  has  been  liberally  communicated, 
the  task  would  have  been  one  of  the  most  difficult  accomplish- 
ment :  and,  but  for  the  admirable  reports  of  the  public  press, 
and  the  minute  description  of  details  thus  preserved,  much 
that  was  interesting  on  the  occasion,  and  worthy  of  remem- 
brance would  have  been  irrecoverably  lost.  From  the  news- 
papers, and  other  journals  of  the  day,  those  faithful  chroniclers 
of  passing  events,  and  from  the  records  of  various  committees, 
societies  and  associations,  much  that  will  be  found  in  the 
accompanying  pages  has  been  derived. 

(3) 


4  PREFACE. 

It  was  the  object  of  the  compiler — however  well  or  ill 
it  has  been  accomplished  —  to  be  faithful  to  fact,  and  to  ren- 
der impartial  justice  to  all  who  participated  in  the  memo- 
rable event,  or  who  lent  aid  to  its  successful  achievement; 
and  if  he  has  failed,  through  inadequacy,  or  the  meagreness 
of  material,  of  describing  any  notable  particular,  or  of  giving 
sufficient  prominence  to  any  essential  feature  of  the  grand 
occasion,  it  is  hoped  that  the  deficiency  will  not  be  attributed 
to  any  intent  to  undervalue  the  part  taken  by  any  one. 

The  typographical  execution  of  this  memorial  requires  no 
commendation.  It  is  all  that  could  be  wished,  and  such  as 
should  have  been  expected  from  the  place  of  Franklin's  birth. 
The  engravings  that  accompany  certain  descriptions  are  the 
best  endeavors  at  faithful  representations  of  a  few  objects  of 
a  transitory  character,  that  without  this  attempt  might,  per- 
chance, in  a  few  years  have  been  beyond  remembrance  and 

the  power  of  portrayal. 

•  N.  B.  S. 
BOSTON,  MAY,  1857. 


CONTENTS. 


INAUGURATION  OF  THE  STATUE  OF  FRANKLIN 11 

PRELIMINARY  ARRANGEMENTS 13 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  CITY  COUNCIL 13 

Communication  from  the  Mayor 13 

Letter  of  the  Committee  of  Fifty 14 

Appointment  of  Committee  of  Arrangements 16 

Report  of  Committee  of  Arrangements 17 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  COMMITTEE  OF  ARRANGEMENTS       ...  19 

The  Committee  of  Arrangements 19 

Sub-Committees 20 

Letter  of  Farnham  Plummer,  Esq 21 

Reply  of  Col.  Thompson 22 

Letter  of  Invitation * 26 

Chief  Marshal's  Notice  to  Societies 28 

Proceedings  of  the  Mechanics 29 

Proceedings  of  the  Franklin  Medal  Scholars, 34 

Proceedings  of  the  Board  of  Trade 38 

Chief  Marshal's  Notice  to  Subordinates 39 

Advertisement  of  Committee  of  Arrangements 45 

Names  of  the  Marshals 46 

Order  of  Procession 47 

Col.   Chickering's  Notice  to  Mechanic  Association  ....  61 

Notice  of  Grand  Marshal  of  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts  68 


6  CONTENTS. 

DECORATIONS 75 

DECORATIONS  ON  THE  KOUTE 78 

Tremont  Street,  north  of  the  Masonic  Temple       ....  70 

Court  Street,  to  "Washington  Street 83 

Washington  Street,  below  State  Street 84 

Dock  Square 86 

Union  Street 87 

Haymarket  Square  and  Blackstone  Street    ....  .90 

Clinton  Street 92 

Commercial  Street 93 

South  Market  Street 94 

Merchants  Row  and  State  Street 95 

Washington  Street,  from  State  to  Milk  Street       ....  96 

Milk  Street 99 

Federal  Street 106 

Franklin  Street  and  Franklin  Place 108 

Washington  Street,  South  of  Franklin  Street 110 

Dover  Street 117 

Tremont  Street,  from  Dover  to  Pleasant   Street     ....  120 

Pleasant  Street 121 

Charles  Street  and  Beacon  Street 122 

School  Street 123 

The  City  Hall 124 

PROCESSION 129 

The  Vanguard 133 

The  Military  Escort 133 

The  Boston  Fire  Department 136 

The  First  Division 113 

The  Second  Division 146 

The  Third  Division 169 

The  Fourth  Division 188 

The  Fifth  Division 198 

The  Sixth  Division 202 

The  Seventh  Division 204 

The  Eighth  Division 206 

The  Ninth  Division  207 


CONTENTS.  / 

INAUGURAL  SERVICES 215 

Voluntary  and  Chorus 215 

Prayer  by  Kev.  Dr.  Blagden 216 

Inaugural  Oration  by  Hon.  Mr.  Winthrop 219 

Ode  by  James  T.  Fields,  Esq 274 

Presentation  Address  by  F.  W.  Lincoln,  Jr.,  Esq.       .     .     .  275 

Address  of  Reception  by  His  Honor  Mayor  Rice     ....  287 

Masonic  Ceremonies  and  Address 295 

Telegraphic  Announcement  and  Responses 297 

Doxology  and  Benediction 301 

CLOSE  OF  THE  FESTIVAL 307 

Parade  and  Display  of  the  Fire  Department 307 

Illuminations 311 

Entertainments 312 

FINAL  PROCEEDINGS 319 

Proceedings  of  the  City  Council 319 

Proceedings  of  the  Committee  of  Arrangements  .     .     .     .     .  321 

Presentation  to  the  Chief  Marshal 321 

APPENDIX 327 

History  of  the  Franklin  Statue 327 

Description  of  the  Statue 374 

Notice  of  the  Artist 377 

Letters  in  Answer  to  Invitations, 380 

List  of  Contributors 386 


PRELIMINARY   ARRANGEMENTS. 


IJSTAUGUKATION 

OF     THE 

STATUE    OF     FRANKLIN 

IN    BOSTON. 


THE  BRONZE  STATUE  of  BENJAMIN  FRANKLIN,  "the  great 
Bostonian,"  was  inaugurated  with  becoming  ceremonies, 
on  the  seventeenth  day  of  September,  1856, — the  two 
hundred  and  twenty-sixth  municipal  birth-day  of  Boston, 
the  place  of  nativity  and  early  education  of  this  world- 
renowned  philosopher,  and  after  a  lapse  of  one  hundred 
and  fifty  years  from  the  time  of  his  birth. 

The  general  display  and  ceremonies  on  this  inter- 
esting occasion  were  of  a  most  imposing  character, 
surpassing  anything  of  the  kind  ever  before  witnessed 
in  Boston.  The  weather  was  extremely  propitious  for 
the  undertaking  throughout  the  whole  of  the  day ;  and 
nothing  occurred  to  mar  the  pleasure  or  dampen  the 
ardor  of  those  participating  in  this  act  of  filial  duty, 
performed  in  commemoration  of  Boston's  most  widely 
known  and  most  honored  son. 


12  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

The  arrangements  on  the  occasion  were  ample, 
judicious,  well  devised,  and  carefully  perfected;  and 
were  carried  out  in  a  very  satisfactory  manner,  by  the 
numerous  persons  to  whom  they  were  committed,  and 
upon  whom  depended,  in  great  measure,  the  success  of 
the  whole  affair. 

The  statue  had  been  designed,  modelled  and  cast 
under  the  direction  and  supervision  of  a  committee 
of  fifty  gentlemen,  appointed  for  the  purpose  by  the 
Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association,  from 
their  own  number  and  from  the  citizens  of  Boston  and 
its  immediate  vicinity;  and  the  expenses  consequent 
upon  the  same  had  been  collected  through  the  same 
committee,  with  the  cooperation  of  many  persons 
and  associations  interested  in  the  undertaking,  by 
subscriptions  obtained  from  the  community  at  large. 

The  proceedings  in  relation  to  this  memorable  event 
in  the  history  of  the  city,  will  be  narrated  in  detail  in 
the  following  pages. 


PRELIMINARY  ARRANGEMENTS. 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE   CITY   COUNCIL. 

AT  a  meeting  of  the  BOARD  OF  ALDERMEN  of  the  CITY 
of  BOSTON,  held  at  the  City  Hall,  on  Monday,  the 
twenty-eighth  day  of  April,  A.  D.  1856: 

PRESENT,  Pelham  Bonney,   Chairman, 

Timothy  C.  Kendall,         Farnhain  Plummer, 
William  H.  Calrow,  Otis  Rich, 

George  W.  Torrey,  John  T.  Dingley, 

James  Cheever,  Robert  Codman,  and 

Osmyn  Brewster,  Eben  Jackson,  Esqs. 

The  following  communication  and  accompanying  let- 
ter, relating  to  the  Franklin  Statue,  were  received  from 
his  Honor,  the  Mayor. 

MAYOR'S  OFFICE,  CITY  HALL, 

BOSTON,  APRIL  28,  1856. 
To  the  Hon.  City   Council. 

GENTLEMEN:  —  I  have  the  honor  herewith  to  trans- 
mit to  the  City  Council,  a  communication  from  a  sub- 


14  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

committee  of  the  Franklin  Statue  Committee,  which  I 
beg  to  commend  to  your  early  and  favorable  consider- 
ation, in  such  manner  as  shall  be  deemed  expedient. 
Very  respectfully, 

ALEXANDER   H.   EICE,  Mayor. 

The  letter  received  from  the  sub-committee  and  trans- 
mitted by  his  Honor,  the  Mayor,  to  the  City  Council, 
was  as  follows : — 

BOSTON,  APRIL  25,  1856. 
His  Honor  ALEXANDER  H.  RICE, 

Mayor  of  Boston. 

DEAR  SIR  : — It  has  been  unanimously  decided  by 
the  Committee  of  Fifty  having  charge  of  the  subject, 
that,  if  satisfactory  arrangements  can  be  made  for  the 
purpose  with  the  proper  authorities,  the  STATUE  of 
BENJAMIN  FEANKLIN,  now  in  process  of  completion 
under  the  auspices  of  the  MASSACHUSETTS  CHARITABLE 
MECHANIC  ASSOCIATION,  and  of  other  citizens  of  Boston 
and  its  vicinity,  shall  be  placed  in  the  grounds  con- 
nected with  the  City  Hall,  in  School  Street,  and  shall  be 
delivered  up  to  the  custody  of  the  municipal  govern- 
ment, as  soon  as  it  is  ready  for  inauguration. 

It  has  also  been  decided,  that,  unless  some  unforeseen 
obstacle  shall  present  itself,  the  inauguration  of  the 
statue  shall  take  place  on  our  municipal  birth-day,  the 
seventeenth  day  of  September  next. 


PRELIMINARY   ARRANGEMENTS.  15 

The  undersigned,  in  behalf  of  the  general  committee 
and  by  their  direction,  have  now  the  honor  to  com- 
municate to  you  these  decisions,  with  the  request  that 
they  may  be  laid  before  the  City  Council  for  their 
concurrence. 

Should  the  subject  be  favorably  entertained  by  the 
City  Council,  it  will  afford  the  undersigned  sincere 
gratification  to  cooperate  with  them  in  any  measures 
which  may  be  desirable  for  doing  honor  to  the  memory 
of  the  great  Bostonian ;  and  it  is  hoped  that  such 
arrangements  may  be  seasonably  concerted  as  shall 
insure  the  security  of  this  noble  work  of  art, — give 
satisfaction  to  those  who  have  generously  contributed 
towards  procuring  it, — and  be  worthy  of  the  character 
of  the  city. 

We  have  the  honor  to  be,  Mr.  Mayor, 

Very  respectfully  and  faithfully, 
Your  obedient  servants, 

FREDERIC  "W.  LINCOLN,  JR., 
DAVID  SEARS, 
ROBERT  C.  WLNTHROP, 
STEPHEN  FAIRBANKS, 
HENRY  N.  HOOPER, 
JARED  SPARKS, 
THOMAS  G.  APPLETON. 


16  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Agreeably  to  the  request  signified  in  the  above 
communications 

Aldermen  FARNHAM  PLUMMER, 

OSMYN  BREWSTER,  and 
GEORGE  W.  TORREY, 

with  such  as  the  Common  Council  may  join,  were 
appointed  a  Committee  of  Arrangements  on  the  part 
of  the  city  government  for  the  occasion. 

At  a  special  meeting  of  the  COMMON  COUNCIL,  held  on 
Wednesday  evening,  the  twentieth  day  of  April,  Joseph 
Story,  Esq.,  President,  pro  tern.,  in  the  chair,  the  above 
action  of  the  Board  of  Aldermen  was  concurred  in,  and 

Messrs.  FREDERIC  L.  WASHBURN, 
WILLIAM  PARKMAN, 
JONAS  H.  FRENCH,  and 
JOSEPH  STORY, 

were  joined  to  the  committee.  Subsequently,  on 
the  fifth  of  June  following,  Mr.  JOSEPH  BUCKLEY  was 
appointed  a  member  of  the  committee,  on  the  part  of 
the  Common  Council,  in  the  place  of  Mr.  Washburn, 
who  had  resigned. 

On  the  ninth  of  June,  1856,  the  special  committee 
of  the  City  Council  submitted  the  following  report 
with  the  accompanying  preamble  and  resolutions. 


PRELIMINARY  ARRANGEMENTS.  17 

CITY  OF  BOSTON. 
In  Board  of  Aldermen,  June  9,  1856. 

The  Joint  Special  Committee  to  whom  was  referred 
the  communication  of  Frederic  W.  Lincoln,  Jr.,  David 
Sears,  Robert  C.  Winthrop,  Stephen  Fairbanks,  Henry 
N.  Hooper,  Jared  Sparks,  and  Thomas  G.  Appleton, 
relative  to  a  statue  of  Benjamin  Franklin,  having  con- 
sidered the  subject  and  conferred  with  the  parties, 
respectfully  recommend  the  passage  of  the  accom- 
panying preamble  and  resolutions. 

For  the  Committee, 

FAKNHAM   PLUMMER,  Chairman. 

CITY  OF  BOSTON. 
In  Board  of  Aldermen,  June  9,  1856. 

Whereas  a  communication  has  been  received  by  the 
City  Council,  from  Frederic  W.  Lincoln,  Jr.,  President 
of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association, 
David  Sears,  Robert  C.  Winthrop,  Stephen  Fairbanks, 
Henry  N.  Hooper,  Jared  Sparks,  and  Thomas  G. 
Appleton,  in  behalf  of  the  subscribers  for  a  statue  of 
Benjamin  Franklin,  proposing  to  place  said  statue 
under  the  guardianship  of  the  City,  and  within  the 
grounds  connected  with  the  City  Hall,  in  case  satisfac- 
tory arrangements  for  that  purpose  should  receive  the 
sanction  of  the  city  authorities : 


18  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Be  it  now  Resolved,  by  the  Board  of  Aldermen  and 
Common  Council,  that  the  custody  and  guardianship 
of  the  statue  of  Franklin  are  gratefully  accepted  and 
undertaken  by  his  native  city,  and  that  a  place  be 
assigned  for  its  reception  and  permanent  location 
between  the  line  of  School  Street  and  a  line  not  less 
than  sixty  feet  from  the  present  line  of  the  City  Hall, 
and  in  front  of  the  centre  of  said  Hall. 

Resolved  further,  that  should  the  City  hereafter 
propose  and  adopt  such  improvements  or  alterations  in 
the  use  or  occupation  of  the  present  City  Hall  lot,  as 
shall  render  the  removal  of  the  statue  expedient  or 
necessary,  said  statue  shall  be  removed  by  the  City  to 
such  place  as  may  be  approved  of  by  the  Mayor  of 
Boston,  the  President  of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable 
Mechanic  Association,  the  President  of  the  American 
Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences,  the  President  of  the 
Massachusetts  Historical  Society,  the  President  of 
the  Massachusetts  Humane  Society,  and  the  President 
of  the  Boston  Board  of  Trade,  for  the  time  being,  or  a 
majority  of  them. 

And  it  is  hereby  agreed,  that  the  persons  who  from 
time  to  time  may  hold  the  permanent  offices  thus  desig- 
nated, shall  constitute  a  board  to  whom  any  matters 
touching  the  preservation,  condition  or  removal  of  the 
statue,  at  any  time  hereafter,  may  be  referred,  on  the 
part  of  those  who  have  contributed  to  its  erection. 

Resolved  further,  tha.t  the  joint  special   committee 


PRELIMINARY    ARRANGEMENTS.  19 

now  having  this  matter  in  charge,  in  concert  with  the 
committee  on  behalf  of  the  subscribers,  have  full 
power  to  prepare  the  site  which  has  been  selected  for 
the  reception  of  the  statue,  and  to  make  arrangements 
for  all  such  ceremonies  as  may  be  appropriate  for  its 
inauguration,  on  the  seventeenth  of  September  next,  or 
on  such  other  day  as  may  be  substituted  therefor. 

Passed.     Sent  down  for  concurrence. 

PELHAM  BONNEY,  Chairman. 

In  Common  Council,  June  12,  1856. 
Concurred. 

OLIVER  STEVENS,  President. 

Approved.     June  14,  1856. 

ALEXANDER  H.  RICE,  Mayor. 


PROCEEDINGS    OF   THE    COMMITTEE    OF   ARRANGEMENTS. 

THE  committee  appointed  by  the  City  Council  to 
make  arrangements  for  the  inauguration  of  the  statue 
of  Franklin,  consisting  of 

Aldermen  FARNHAM  PLUMMER, 
OSMYN  BREWSTER, 
GEORGE  W.  TORREY, 


20  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Councilmen  JOSEPH  BUCKLEY, 
WILLIAM  PARKMAN, 
JONAS  H.  FRENCH, 
JOSEPH  STORY, 

held  their  first  meeting  on  the  second  day  of  August, 
1856,  John  L.  Swift,  Esq.,  acting  as  Clerk. 

On  invitation  of  the  joint  special  committee  of  the 
City  Council,  his  Honor  ALEXANDER  H.  RICE,  Mayor  of 
the  City,  attended  the  deliberations  of  the  Committee 
of  Arrangements,  and  gave  his  personal  and  official 
cooperation. 

The  chairman  submitted  an  outline  of  arrangements 
appropriate  for  the  occasion;  and  various  sub-com- 
mittees were  appointed,  which,  with  those  subsequently 
formed,  were  as  in  the  following  schedule  : — 


SUB-COMMITTEES. 

ON    THE    FOUNDATION    FOR    THE    STATUE: 

Messrs.  Brewster,  Parkman   and   Buckley. 

ON  THE  MILITARY: 
Messrs.   Torrey,   French   and   Parkman. 

ON   INVITATIONS: 
Messrs.   Plummer,   Story   and   French. 

ON  THE  PROGRAM: 
Messrs.   Brewster,   Buckley   and   Story. 


PRELIMINARY  ARRANGEMENTS.  21 

ON  THE  ROUTE: 
Messrs.   Plummer,   Parkman   and   French. 

ON    THE    PLATFORM    AND    STAGE  : 

Messrs.   Torrey,   Buckley   and   Parkman. 

ON    ILLUMINATION    AND    DECORATIONS: 

Messrs.   Plummer,   Story   and   French. 

ON  MUSIC: 
Messrs.   Brewster,   French   and   Story. 

ON    THE    ACCOMMODATION    OF    GUESTS: 

Messrs.   Torrey,   Buckley   and   Parkman. 

COMMITTEE    OF    RECEPTION  : 

The   Mayor,  and 
Messrs.   Torrey,   Buckley   and   Parkman. 

To  the  abovenamed  sub-committees,  various  matters 
of  detail  were  referred  from  tune  to  tune,  as  they 
occurred. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  committee  of  Arrangements, 
held  on  the  nineteenth  of  August,  the  sub-committee 
on  invitations  were  requested  to  invite  Col.  Newell  A. 
Thompson  to  officiate  as  Chief  Marshal  on  the  occasion. 
In  consequence  of  which,  Alderman  Plummer  addressed 
to  that  gentleman  the  following  note : — 

CITY  HALL,  AUGUST  20,  1856. 

MY  DEAR  SIR: — The  Committee  of  the  City  Coun- 
cil, on  the    inauguration  of  the   statue   of   Benjamin 


22  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Franklin,  have,  with  entire  unanimity,  chosen  you  to 
assist  on  that  occasion  as  Chief  Marshal.  Hoping  this 
appointment  may  be  alike  consistent  with  your  duties 
and  feelings, 

I  am,  with  respect, 

Your  Obedient  Servant, 

FARNHAM  PLUMMER,   Chairman. 
Col.  N.  A.  Thompson. 

To  the  invitation  of  the  committee,  Col.  Thompson, 
accepting  the  appointment,  promptly  replied  in  the 
following  words: — 

OLD  STATE  HOUSE,  AUGUST  20,  1856. 

MY  DEAR  SIR: — I  have  just  received  your  note  of 
this  morning,  informing  me  that  the  committee  charged 
with  the  duty  of  making  the  necessary  arrangements 
for  the  inauguration  of  the  statue  of  Benjamin  Franklin, 
on  the  17th  prox.,  have  chosen  me  to  act  as  Chief 
Marshal  on  that  occasion. 

Please  tender  to  the  committee  my  thanks  for  this 
very  flattering  token  of  their  confidence,  and  assure 
them  that  it  will  afford  me  great  pleasure  to  render 
them  all  the  assistance  in  my  power;  although  in 
accepting  the  position  I  cannot  but  feel  that  the  choice 
of  the  committee  might  have  fallen  upon  one  more  com- 
petent than  myself  to  discharge  the  various  and  very 


PRELIMINAEY   ARRANGEMENTS.  23 

important  duties  which  must  necessarily  devolve  upon 
the  Chief  Marshal  on  the  occasion  referred  to. 
I  am,  dear  Sir, 

Yours,  very  truly, 

N.  A.  THOMPSON. 
FarnJwm  Plummer,  Esq.,  Chairman,  &c.}  &c. 

The  Committee  of  Arrangements  proceeded  forth- 
with in  the  formation  and  perfecting  of  plans  for  car- 
rying out  ,the  objects  of  their  appointment;  and  were 
largely  assisted  by  the  Chief  Marshal,  whose  services 
they  had  opportunely  secured. 

Measures  were  taken  very  early  to  secure  a  large 
and  full  attendance  of  the  members  of  the  various 
mechanical  trades,  in  their  accustomed  working  apparel, 
and  in  the  ordinary  pursuit  of  their  different  occupa- 
tions, and  for  this  purpose  the  expense  of  the  motive 
power  was  liberally  offered  to  be  borne  by  the  city. 

The  First  Brigade  of  the  Massachusetts  Volunteer 
Militia,  under  command  of  Brigadier  General  Samuel 
Andrews,  was  invited  to  do  escort  duty. 

His  Excellency  the  Governor  of  the  Commonwealth, 
with  his  suite  and  body  guard,  the  Independent  Corps 
of  Cadets,  commanded  by  Lt.  Col.  Thomas  C.  Amory, 
was -requested  to  unite  in  the  procession  and  be  present 
at  the  ceremonies  of  inauguration. 

The  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  the 
oldest  military  organization  in  the  country,  chartered 


24  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

by  the  colonial  government  of  Massachusetts  in  1638, 
was  also  invited  to  take  part  in  the  procession.  The 
request  was  promptly  complied  with,  and  the  necessary 
steps  for  that  purpose  were  taken  by  their  commander, 
Hon.  Marshall  P.  Wilder. 

The  officers  and  members  of  the  Boston  Fire  Depart- 
ment, were  invited  to  appear  in  the  procession,  in  an 
honorable  position,  to  be  full-dressed  in  their  holiday 
uniforms,  with  their  fire  engines,  hooks  and  ladders, 
and  hose  and  carriages,  together  with  such  other  appa- 
ratus as  appertains  to  firemen ;  and  in  order  to  excite 
greater  interest,  and  insure  a  fuller  attendance,  the 
Firemen's  Annual  Parade,  which  was  to  have  taken 
place  at  a  much  earlier  date,  was  deferred  from  the 
usual  time,  to  the  day  of  the  inauguration  of  the  statue. 

Suitable  and  very  advantageous  arrangements  were 
made  with  the  various  railroad  corporations,  for  the 
special  and  cheap  conveyance  of  passengers,  to  and 
from  the  city,  in  order  to  give  strangers  from  the 
country,  and  those  who  resided  at  a  distance  from  their 
places  of  business,  facilities  and  favorable  opportunities 
for  being  present  on  the  occasion,  either  to  take  part  in 
the  procession,  or  to  witness  the  proceedings. 

The  Franklin  Typographical  Society  was  particu- 
larly requested  to  invite  printers  throughout  the  United 
States,  to  take  part  in  the  ceremonies,  and  add  to  the 
interest  of  the  occasion,  which  was  for  the  honor  of  one 
who  had  been  a  distinguished  member  of  the  craft. 


PRELIMINARY   ARRANGEMENTS.  25 

Instrumental  music  was  most  liberally  provided  for 
the  procession,  for  the  ceremonies  and  for  the  evening ; 
and,  in  order  to  supply  the  large  demand,  consequent 
upon  the  great  number  and  length  of  the  divisions,  was, 
in  addition  to  the  numerous  bands  of  this  city,  procured 
from  many  sources  out  of  Boston. 

The  ringing  of  bells,  and  the  firing  of  salutes  were 
amply  provided  for,  by  the  Committee  of  Arrangements, 
and  by  the  Chief  Marshal. 

A  solid  granite  foundation  for  sustaining  the  pedestal 
of  the  statue  was  laid,  in  workmanlike  manner,  by  Mr. 
Francis  B.  Winter,  mason ;  and  the  necessary  platforms 
and  stages  for  those  taking  part  in  the  exercises,  and 
for  a  multitude  of  persons,  of  both  sexes,  to  witness  the 
ceremonies,  were  erected  by  Mr.  Julian  0.  Mason,  car- 
penter, under  the  immediate  direction  of  the  several 
sub-committees. 

Circulars  were  adopted  and  widely  distributed,  invit- 
ing the  participation  of  societies,  associations,  and  all 
organized  bodies  of  men,  whose  presence  in  the  pro- 
cession would  be  appropriate ;  the  teachers  and  pupils 
of  the  schools,  public  and  private;  the  students  of 
Harvard  College,  undergraduates,  and  those  connected 
with  the  professional  schools ;  the  Franklin  medal 
scholars  of  Boston;  those  who  had  received  the 
Lawrence  Prizes,  at  the  Latin  and  English  High 
Schools,  &c. 

Suitable  equipments  and  badges  were  provided  for 


26  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

the  marshals,  aids,  and  assistants,  and  appropriate 
banners  for  the  various  divisions  and  portions  of  the 
procession. 

The  route  for  the  procession,  as  suggested  by  the 
Chief  Marshal,  was  adopted,  taking  in  the  places  of 
interest  having  connection  with  Franklin's  residence  in 
Boston,  the  burial  of  his  parents,  and  the  memorial  in 
Franklin  place  erected  about  the  commencement  of  the 
present  century. 

An  order  of  exercises,  also  suggested  by  the  Chief 
Marshal,  and  which  will  be  found  in  his  official  notice, 
was  approved  by  the  committee,  and  persons  wrere 
invited  to  take  part  in  the  exercises  and  ceremonies. 

On  the  twenty-third  of  August,  the  Committee  of 
Arrangements  promulgated  the  following  letter  of 
invitation,  which  had  a  wide  and  general  circulation : 


CITY  OF  BOSTON  :      INAUGURATION  OF  THE  STATUE  OF 
BENJAMIN  FRANKLIN. 

The  City  of  Boston  having  accepted  the  care  and 
custody  of  a  statue  of  Franklin, — executed  in  bronze, 
after  a  model  by  Greenough,  under  the  auspices  of  the 
Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association,  aided  by 
liberal  contributions  from  citizens  at  large, — propose  to 
celebrate  its  inauguration,  by  imposing  ceremonies,  on 
Wednesday,  the  seventeenth  clay  of  September  next. 


PRELIMINARY    ARRANGEMENTS.  27 

As  the  anniversary  of  the  settlement  of  Boston 
occurs  on  that  day,  it  is  designed  to  make  the  occasion 
a  general  holiday,  and  to  unite,  as  far  as  possible,  all 
classes  of  citizens  in  its  observance, —  embracing  the 
several  mechanic,  scientific,  literary,  charitable  and 
mercantile  associations,  recipients  of  the  Franklin 
medals  since  the  year  1792,  graduates  of  the  Latin, 
High,  and  Grammar  Schools  of  Boston,  the  various 
professions  and  trades,  the  military  and  fire  depart- 
ments, &c. 

The  ceremonies  will  consist,  in  part,  of  a  procession ; 
addresses  by  the  Hon.  Robert  C.  Winthrop,  Frederic  W. 
Lincoln,  Jr.,  Esq.,  President  of  the  Massachusetts  Char- 
itable Mechanic  Association,  and  by  His  Honor  the 
Mayor ;  prayer  by  the  Rev.  George  "W.  Blagden,  pastor 
of  the  Old  South  Church,  (in  which  Franklin  was 
baptized) ;  an  original  ode,  written  for  the  occasion, 
by  James  T.  Fields,  Esq.,  to  be  sung  by  the  pupils 
of  the  public  schools;  with  other  appropriate  exer- 
cises. 

A  place  having  been  assigned  for  the  statue  in 
front  of  the  City  Hall,  the  grounds  will  be  arranged 
for  the  ceremonies  of  inauguration,  and  brilliantly 
illuminated  during  the  evening.  It  is  highly  import- 
ant that  the  various  associations,  societies,  and  trades, 
intending  to  join  in  the  procession,  should  give  the 
earliest  possible  notice  of  such  intention  to  the  Chief 


28  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Marshal,  Colonel  Newell  A.  Thompson,  or  to  the  Com- 
mittee of  Arrangements,  at  the  City  Hall. 

FARNHAM   PLUMMER, 
OSMYN  BREWSTER, 
GEORGE  W.  TORREY, 
JOSEPH  BUCKLEY, 
WILLIAM  PARKMAN, 
JONAS  H.  FRENCH, 
JOSEPH  STORY, 

Committee. 
City  Hall,  Boston,  August  23,  1856. 

In  aid  and  furtherance  of  the  above  letter  of  invi- 
tation, the  Chief  Marshal  gave  publicity  to  the  fol- 
lowing notice: — 

CITY  OF  BOSTON  :  INAUGURATION  OF  THE  FRANKLIN  STATUE. 
MARSHAL'S  NOTICE. 

The  Chief  Marshal  respectfully  requests  such  asso- 
ciations, societies  and  other  bodies  as  propose  to  unite 
in  the  festivities  of  the  seventeenth  instant,  to  give  him 
notice  to  that  effect  as  soon  as  possible,  to  enable 
him  to  arrange  the  order  of  procession.  It  will  be 
quite  desirable  to  have  each  society  mention  the  date 
of  its  organization. 

N.  A.  THOMPSON,  Chief  Marshal 


PRELIMINARY    ARRANGEMENTS.  29 

Most  of  the  parties  to  whom  the  letter  of  the 
committee  was  addressed,  replied,  promising  their 
cooperation  and  assistance  in  carrying  out  the  design 
of  the  committee;  and  partly  in  honor  of  Franklin  and 
partly  for  designating  the  various  bodies,  badges  in 
great  variety  were  prepared  for  the  occasion.  Engrav- 
ings of  the  medallions  which  Prof.  Daniel  E.  Groux 
proposed  for  commemorating  the  inauguration  were 
printed  for  the  use  of  the  citizens  generally. 

The  following  notices  of  meetings  of  the  mechan- 
ical trades,  of  the  medal  scholars,  and  of  the  Board  of 
Trade,  will  sufficiently  illustrate  the  proceedings  of  the 
various  bodies  preparatory  to  joining  the  procession. 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  MECHANICS. 

In  response  to  the  invitation  of  the  Committee  of 
Arrangements  on  the  occasion  of  inaugurating  the 
statue  of  Franklin,  many  gentlemen  representing  the 
different  mechanical  trades  met  in  the  Common  Council 
Chamber  in  the  City  Hall,  for  the  purpose  of  making 
suitable  arrangements  for  participating  in  the  cere- 
monies attending  the  inauguration. 

The  following  were  the  proceedings  at  the  meetings : 

BOSTON,  SEPTEMBER  1,  1856. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  mechanics  called  for  the  pur- 
pose of  taking  into  consideration  the  subject  of  a  rep- 


30  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

reservation  of  the  different  trades  and  professions  at 
the  inauguration  of  the  Franklin  Statue  on  the  sev- 
enteenth instant,  Henry  N.  Hooper  was  chosen  chair- 
man, and  Josiah  B.  Eichardson  secretary. 

On  motion  it  was  voted  that  a  committee  be  ap- 
pointed to  take  such  measures  as  they  may  deem 
proper  to  bring  out  the  mechanical  trades  at  the  inau- 
guration of  the  Franklin  Statue  on  the  seventeenth 
instant,  with  power  to  add  to  their  number.  And 
the  following  gentlemen  were  appointed  as  the  com- 
mittee :  — 

Gilbert  Nourse,  Dealer  in  Agricultural  Implements. 

J.  H.  Thorndike.  Architect. 

G.  J.  F.  Bryant,  Architect. 

Mark  Worthley,  Boxmaker. 

P.  Hubbell,  Brickmaker. 

Lewis  Winde,  Boatbuilder. 

Edward  Winsor,  Boatbuilder. 

John  F.  Pray,  Bootmaker. 

Robert  Nute,  Bootmaker. 

Benjamin  Bradley,  Bookbinder. 

J.  G.  Roberts,  Bookbinder. 

George  Kurtz,  Baker. 

Frederick  W.  Morse,  Baker. 

J.  J.  Adams,  Brush  Maker. 

William  Blake,  Brass  Founder. 

A.  J.  Gavett,  Brass  Founder. 

D.  E.  Poland,  Carpenter. 
Job  A.  Turner,  Carpenter. 
Jonas  Fitch,  Carpenter. 

L.  Miles  Standish,  Carpenter. 

E.  L.  Bird,  Carriage  Builder. 
Thomas  Goddard,  Carriage  Builder. 
E.  C.  Leman,  Cork  Cutter. 


PRELIMINARY    ARRANGEMENTS. 

Charles  Copelancl,  Confectioner. 

Joseph  Clark,  Clockmaker. 

Edward  Howard,  Clockmaker. 

Charles  Emerson,  Contractor. 

William  Beals,  Coppersmith. 

William  F.  Tuckerman,  Coppersmith. 

Benjamin  Beal,  Coppersmith. 

John  P.  Ober,  Cooper. 

James  Hall,  Die  Sinker. 

Joseph  H.  Merriam,  Die  Sinker. 

John  A.  Whipple,  Daguerreotypist. 

G.  M.  Silsbee,  Daguerreotypist. 

John  Souther,  Engine  Builder. 

William  A.  Orcutt,  Electrician. 

J.  E.  Hazelton,  Furniture  Manufacturer. 

James  Gr.  Blake,  Furniture  Manufacturer. 

William  C.  Hunneman,  Fire  Engine  Builder. 

N.  W.  Turner,  Gas  Fixture  Manufacturer. 

William  F.  Shaw,  Gas  Fixture  Manufacturer. 

J.  L.  Drew,  Gold  Beater. 

Warren  Bacon,  Gold  Beater. 

John  Hastings,  Gilder. 

J.  N.  Howe,  Glass  Manufacturer. 

P.  S.  Slane,  Glass  Manufacturer. 

S.  G.  Pratt,  Harness  Manufacturer. 

Thomas  Sprague,  Harness  Manufacturer. 

G.  H.  Richards,  Hatter. 

A.  Hobbs,  House  Carver. 

S.  D.  Bates,  House  Painter. 

J.  D.  Howard,  Iron  Founder. 

J.  M.  Perrigo,  Iron  Founder. 

Irah  Chase,  Jr.,  Iron  Furniture  Manufacturer. 

William  E.  Coffin,  Iron  Manufacturer. 

R.  Crooker,  Iron  Manufacturer. 

J.  Feraald,  Iron  Safe  Manufacturer. 

Charles  Roberts,  Iron  Safe  Manufacturer. 

J.  M.  Ford,  Jeweller. 

E.  Robinson,  Locksmith. 

George  P.  Tewksbury,  Dealer  in  Life  Preservers. 


32  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Nathaniel  Adams,  Mason. 

A.  Wentworth,  Marble  Worker. 

Charles  Torrey,  Marble  Worker. 

J.  H.  Wilcox,  Organ  Builder. 

William  White,  Printer. 

Emory  N.  Moore,  Printer. 

Isaac  Adams,  Printing  Press  and  Steam  Engine  Maker. 

Thomas  E.  Chickering,  Piano  Forte  Manufacturer. 

Gr.  H.  Davis,  Piano  Forte  Manufacturer. 

John  Hatchman,  Picture  Frame  Maker. 

William  Pearce,  Plumber. 

L.  F.  Pollard,  Plumber. 

Joseph  M.  Wightman,  Philosophical  Instrument  Maker. 

J.  R.  Bigelow,  Paper  Hanging  Manufacturer. 

Zenas  Allen,  Paper  Hanging  Manufacturer. 

Jonathan  Peirce,  Pump  and  Block  Maker. 

Charles  S.  Hubbard,  Rope  Maker. 

Francis  Low,  Jr.,  Rigger. 

Holmes  Hinkley,  Steam  Engine  Builder. 

Harrison  Loring,  Steam  Engine  Builder. 

Mark  G-ookins,  Steam  Engine  Builder. 

Thomas  W.  Brown,  Shipwright. 

Samuel  D.  Curtis,  Shipwright. 

Donald  McKay,  Ship  Builder. 

J.  Pratt,  Jr.,  Ship  Builder. 

William  Griffith,  Saw  Manufacturer. 

J.  A.  Jackson,  Sculptor. 

W.  B.  Gleason,  Ship  Carver. 

Gardner  Chilson,  Stove  and  Furnace  Manufacturer. 

Leopold  Herman,  Stove  and  Furnace  Manufacturer. 

J.  W.  T.  Stodder,  Sheet  Iron  Worker. 

T.  D.  Morris,  Sign  Painter. 

L.  Somerby,  Sign  Painter. 

John  Farrington,  Silversmith. 

F.  L.  Harding,  Silversmith. 

Joseph  L.  Ross,  School  Furniture  Manufacturer. 

William  0.  Grover,  Sewing  Machine  Manufacturer. 

James  E.  Root,  Sewing  Machine  Manufacturer. 

Elizur  Baldwin,  Stone  Cutter. 


PRELIMINARY   ARRANGEMENTS.  33 

J.  B.  Whitaker,  Stone  Cutter. 

William  Marble,  Sailmaker. 

A.  S.  Burrell,  Sailmaker. 

Sewell  Phelps,  Type  Founder. 

Moses  Sprague,  Trunk  Maker. 

S.  N.  Neat,  Trunk  Maker. 

J.  D.  Brown,  Tobacconist. 

N.  Waterman,  Tinsmith. 

H.  E.  Armington,  Tailor. 

James  M.  Jacobs,  Tailor. 

James  Paul,  Upholsterer, 

Andrew  Lawrence,  Upholsterer. 

J.  B.  Richardson,  Wrought  Iron  Pipe  Manufacturer. 

C.  C.  Walworth,  Wrought  Iron  Pipe  Manufacturer. 

Nelson  Howe,  Dealer  in  Woodenware. 

At  an  adjourned  meeting,  held  on  the  fifth  of  Sep- 
tember, the  following  gentlemen  were  added  to  the 
committee  appointed  on  the  first  of  September : — 

N.  Hunt,  Belt  Maker. 

George  H.  Marden,  Window  Shade  Maker. 

J.  Ellison,  Window  Shade  Maker. 

S.  0.  Aborn,  Hatter. 

Francis  Bush,  Hatter. 

Thomas  Thacher,  Jr.,  Iron  Founder. 

William  H.  Howard,  Iron  Founder. 

Antoine  Mattel,  Confectioner. 

Moses  Jaquith,  Paper  Ruler. 

R.  P.  Haines,  Paper  Ruler. 

F.  A.  Bradford,  Wood  Turner. 

C.  C.  Coolidge,  Wood  Turner. 

Lewis  P.  Moody,  Papier  Mache  Manufacturer. 

William  Tileston,  Papier  Mache  Manufacturer. 

Francis  Chichi,  Statuary  Manufacturer. 

Paul  Garey,  Statuary  Manufacturer. 

George  T.  Blake,  Furniture  Manufacturer. 

Augustus  Eliaers,  Furniture  Manufacturer. 


34  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

A.  D.  "Wood,  Furniture  Manufacturer. 

J.  D.  Wilde,  Furniture  Manufacturer. 

J.  Borrowscale,  Slater. 

Hugh  Riley,  Slater. 

H.  K.  Moore,  Steam  Guage  Manufacturer. 

The  workmen  of  the  Ames  Manufacturing  Company, 
of  Chicopee,  were  invited  to  appear  in  the  procession 
with  the  mechanics  of  Boston. 

Members  of  the  committee  appointed  to  represent 
the  several  trades,  were  requested  to  give  as  early 
notice  as  possible  to  Col.  Chickering,  marshal  of  the 
second  division,  of  their  decision  to  join  in  the  pro- 
cession. 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  FRANKLIN  MEDAL  SCHOLARS. 

The  Franklin  Medal  Scholars  held  a  meeting  in  City 
Hall,  on  Monday,  the  eighth  day  of  September,  in 
compliance  with  the  following  notice  published  in  the 
newspapers:  — 

CITY  OF  BOSTON. 

To  the  gentlemen  who  have  received  Franklin  med- 
als at  the  Boston  schools,  since  the  year  1792 : 

Having  been  invited  by  the  Committee  of  Arrange- 
ments to  join  in  the  ceremonies  of  the  inauguration  of 
a  statue  of  Benjamin  Franklin,  on  the  seventeenth  of 
September,  you  are  respectfully  requested  to  meet  at 
the  Common  Council  Room,  City  Hall,  on  Monday,  the 


PRELIMINARY   ARRANGEMENTS.  35 

eighth  instant,  at  half  past  eight  o'clock,  P.M.,  to  make 
such  arrangements  as  may  be  deemed  suitable  to  the 

occasion. 

JAMES  SAVAGE, 

ISAAC  HARRIS, 
ROBERT  LASH, 
ISAAC  PARKER, 
JAMES  C.  WILD, 

EZRA  LINCOLN. 
September  2,  1856. 

At  this  meeting  it  was  voted  to  attend  the  cere- 
monies of  inauguration,  a  committee  of  arrangements 
was  appointed,  and  Col.  Ezra  Lincoln  was  selected  to  act 
as  the  chief  marshal  on  the  occasion.  In  consequence 
of  which,  the  following  notices  were  made  public: — 

FRANKLIN  MEDAL  SCHOLARS. 

The  Franklin  Medal  Scholars  having  accepted  the  in- 
vitation of  the  city  authorities  to  unite  with  the  proces- 
sion on  the  seventeenth  instant,  on  the  occasion  of  the 
inauguration  of  the  Franklin  Statue,  the  undersigned 
were  appointed  a  committee  to  make  the  necessary 
arrangements,  and  they  would  extend  a  cordial  invita- 
tion to  all  who  have  been  the  recipients  of  Franklin's 
medals,  from  1792  to  1856,  and  to  all  the  present  and 
past  masters  of  the  boys'  schools,  to  join  with  them  on 
this  interesting  occasion. 

The  medal  boys,  old    and   young,  with  their   mas- 


36  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

ters,  are  invited  to  meet  at  the  Melodeon,  on  Washing- 
ton Street,  on  Wednesday  morning,  at  eight  o'clock,  to 
give  opportunity  before  the  procession  moves,  for  a 
pleasant  re-union  of  old  acquaintance. 

The  badge  to  be  worn  on  the  occasion  will  be  the 
Franklin  medal,  suspended  by  a  blue  ribbon,  one  inch 
wide,  around  the  neck. 

The  committee  have  made  choice  of  Col.  Ezra  Lin- 
coln for  chief  marshal,  who  will  appoint  his  aids  and 
assistants,  and  take  the  whole  charge  of  this  part  of 
the  procession. 

JAMES  T.  AUSTIN,  BENJAMIN  POPE, 

JOHN  C.  PARK,  GRANVILLE  HEARS, 

JOHN  C.  PRATT,  L.  H.  BRADFORD, 

GEORGE  W.  MESSINGER,  JOSEPH  S.  JONES, 

WILLIAM  H.  DENNETT,  WILLIAM  S.  THACHEB, 

JOSEPH  WEST,  ISAAC  HARRIS, 

ANDREW  T.  HALL,  EZRA  LINCOLN, 

GIDEON  F.  THAYER,  F.  U.  TRACY, 

FREDERICK  A.  BENSON,  S.  H.  JENKS, 

E.  F.  PRATT,  CHARLES  J.  MORRILL. 

JAMES  T.  AUSTIN,  Chairman. 
John  C.  Pratt,  Secretary. 

The  chief  marshal  of  the  Franklin  medal  scholars 
has  appointed  as  aids  : 

J.  Wiley  Edmands,  John  C.  Park, 

Andrew  T.  Hall,  George  W.  Messinger. 


PRELIMINARY    ARRANGEMENTS. 


37 


And  the  following  assistant  marshals  : 

J.  Thomas  Stevenson,       L.  H.  Bradford, 


N.  H.  Emmons, 
R  A.  Bartlett, 
John  C.  Pratt, 
Charles  J.  Merrill, 
Frederick  A.  Benson, 
Frederick  U.  Tracy, 
Aaron  H.  Bean, 
Wendell  Phillips, 
Bradley  N.  Cumings, 
Henry  S.  M'Kean, 
John  B.  Baker, 
Patrick  Riley, 
Charles  H.  Appleton, 
Andrew  J.  Gavett, 
Charles  S.  Kendall, 
Joseph  Gavett, 


Martin  L.  Bradford, 
Franklin  B.  Hall, 
George  H.  Gay, 
William  S.  Thacher, 
Charles  Hale, 
Thomas  B.  Hall, 
Francis  J.  Childs, 
Francis  S.  Williams, 
Samuel  H.  Gibbens, 
Jacob  H.  Hathorne, 
Edward  H.  Ammidown, 
John  S.  Babcock, 
Frederick  L.  Williams, 
Uriel  H.  Crocker, 
James  P.  Brewer, 
F.  A.  Osborn, 


J.  Augustine  Hale. 

The  gentlemen  above  named  will  please  signify  their 
acceptance  on  or  before  Monday,  the  fifteenth  instant, 
to  the  undersigned,  and  report  themselves  at  the  Melo- 
deon,  at  eight  o'clock,  promptly,  on  the  morning  of  the 
seventeenth,  in  dark  clothes  and  black  hats. 
EZRA  LINCOLN, 

Chief  Marshal  F.  M.  Scholars. 
September  11,  1856. 


38  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Previous  to  this,  an  order  had  passed  the  Board  of 
School  Committee,  by  which  all  Franklin  medal  scholars 
who  had  lost  their  medals,  could  on  application,  be  fur- 
nished with  new  ones,  at  their  own  expense ;  thus 
enabling  many  to  appear  in  the  procession  with  the 
proper  badge  and  decoration. 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  BOARD  OF  TRADE. 

The  merchants  of  Boston  held  a  meeting  for  the  pur- 
pose of  taking  suitable  measures  to  appear  in  the 
procession,  and  after  transacting  the  necessary  business, 
published  the  following:  — 

BOSTON  BOARD  OF  TRADE. 

Merchants  of  Boston  who  would  like  to  participate 
with  the  Board  of  Trade  in  the  ceremonies  of  the  inau- 
guration of  the  statue  of  Benjamin  Franklin,  on  the 
seventeenth  instant,  are  invited  to  send  in  their  names 
to  the  secretary,  at  No.  9  Merchants  Exchange.  Suit- 
able badges  will  then  be  provided  for  them ;  and  they 
will  be  proposed  for  admission  as  members,  at  the  next 
regular  meeting  of  the  Government  of  the  Board. 

The  Board  will  meet  in  the  reading  room  of  the 
Merchants  Exchange,  at  half  past  nine  o'clock,  on  the 
morning  of  the  seventeenth  instant.  A  large  number 
of  the  members  have  already  signified  their  intention 


PRELIMINARY    ARRANGEMENTS.  39 

of  being  present.  It  is  hoped  that  all  will  come,  and 
that  those  who  have  not  received  their  badges  will 

notify  the  secretary  immediately. 

•i 

JAMES  M.  BEEBE, 
SAMUEL  LAWRENCE, 
JAMES  LAWRENCE, 
JAMES  H.  BEAL, 
WILLIAM  J.  CUTLER, 
ISAAC  C.  BATES, 
Committee  of  Arrangements. 
9  Merchants  Exchange,  Sept.  12,  1856. 

In  this  stage  of  the  proceedings,  the  Chief  Marshal 
promulgated  his  notice  to  his  aids  and  assistants,  in  the 
following  words: — 

INAUGURATION  OF  THE  STATUE  OF  FRANKLIN,  BOSTON,  SEP- 
TEMBER 17,  1856.     NOTICE  TO  MARSHALS. 

The  whole  corps  of  mounted  marshals  will  assemble  at 
the  residence  of  the  chief  in  Boylston  Street,  west  of 
Charles  Street,  on  the  morning  of  the  seventeenth,  at 
half  past  eight  o'clock  precisely ;  and  from  thence  will 
proceed  in  a  body  to  the  corner  of  Park  and  Tremont 
Streets,  which  point  will  be  the  head  quarters  of  the 
chief,  until  the  procession  moves. 

On  arriving  at  Park  Street,  chiefs  of  divisions  and 
their  aids  will  proceed  at  once  to  the  points  designated 


40  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

in  the  program  for  the  formation  of  their  respective 
divisions,  and  the  assistant  marshals  will  forthwith 
report  to  the  chiefs  of  divisions  to  which  they  are 
assigned  for  duty,  as  follows: — 

Marshals  D wight  B.  Hooper  and  Charles  H.  Dudley 
are  assigned  to  the  first  division,  and  will  report  to 
Gen.  Tyler,  at  the  State  House. 

Marshals  George  F.  Woodman,  William  W.  Ehoades, 
H.  K.  Moore,  James  M.  Stevens,  and  Dexter  N.  Richards 
are  assigned  to  the  second  division,  and  will  report  to 
Col.  Chickering,  in  Tremont  Street,  at  the  head  of  West 
Street. 

Marshals  Nathaniel  C.  Stearns,  Luther  L.  Tarbell, 
Amasa  N.  Cook,  and  Wm.  H.  Learned,  Jr.,  are  assigned 
to  the  third  division,  and  will  report  to  Captain  Rogers, 
in  Boylston  Street,  at  the  corner  of  Tremont. 

Marshals  George  Greig,  Preston  A.  Ames,  William  P. 
Jones,  and  Franklin  H.  Sprague,  are  assigned  to  the 
fourth  division,  and  will  report  to  Hon.  Moses  Kimball, 
near  the  head  of  Tremont  Street  Mall. 

Marshals  Joseph  D.  Coburn  and  Geo.  E.  Learned  are 
assigned  to  the  fifth  division,  and  will  report  to  Major 
Tappan,  at  the  easterly  end  of  the  Mall  leading  from 
opposite  West  Street  to  the  Providence  Railroad  Depot. 

Marshals  John  J.  Mann  and  Edward  W.  Rowland 
are  assigned  to  the  sixth  division,  and  will  report  to 
Edmund  F.  Cutter,  Esq.,  at  the  southerly  end  of  the 
Mall,  leading  from  West  to  Joy  Streets. 


PRELIMINARY   ARRANGEMENTS.  41 

Marshals  Joseph  H.  Sawyer  and  George  Bush  are 
assigned  to  the  seventh  division,  and  will  report  to 
Joseph  West,  Esq.,  in  the  Park  Street  Mall. 

Marshals  Andrew  J.  Loud  and  George  A.  Bachelder 
are  assigned  to  the  eighth  division,  and  will  report  to 
Nathaniel  Winsor,  Jr.,  Esq.,  in  Winter  Street,  near  the 
Corner  of  Tremont. 

Marshals  Abel  Horton,  Edmund  Boynton,  James  H. 
Long  and  Richard  B.  Everett,  are  assigned  to  the  fire 
department,  and  will  report  to  Capt.  Smith,  Chief  En- 
gineer, in  West  Street,  near  the  corner  of  Tremont 
It  will  be  their  duty  to  see  that  the  department  is 
brought  into  its  proper  position  in  the  procession,  the 
moment  the  military  escort  wheels  into  column. 

Chiefs  of  divisions  are  each  requested  to  appoint  a 
standard-bearer  and  two  assistants,  to  take  charge  of 
their  respective  division  banners.  These  banners  have 
been  provided  by  the  Committee  of  Arrangements  to 
designate  the  points  of  formation  of  the  several 
divisions.  They  should  each  be  in  position  at  or  before 
nine  o'clock,  A.M.,  and  will  be  borne  at  the  head  of 
divisions  (front  of  the  band)  on  the  line  of  march. 
Chiefs  are  requested  to  instruct  their  standard-bearers 
to  preserve  a  distance  of  at  least  twenty  feet  between 
the  several  divisions. 

These  banners  are  at  City  Hall,  subject  to  the  order 
of  chiefs  of  divisions. 

The  marshals  will  find  horse  equipments  on  Tues- 


42  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

day,  sixteenth,  at  Mr.  Joseph  S.  Read's,  Sudbury  Street, 
which  will  be  delivered  upon  the  written  order  of  each 
marshal,  who  will  indicate  to  Mr.  Read  the  position  he 
is  to  occupy  in  the  procession.  And  the  same  course 
will  be  pursued  in  the  delivery  of  chapeaus,  batons 
and  sashes,  by  Messrs.  Bent  and  Bush. 

Formation  of  the  Procession. 

As  soon  as  the  military  escort  arrives  at  its  position 
in  line  in  Tremont  Street,  and  is  ready  to  receive  the 
procession,  the  fire  department  will  move  up  so  as  to 
occupy  a  position  about  twenty  paces  from  its  left  Hank, 
and  there  rest  until  the  brigade  wheels  into  column 
and  takes  up  the  line  of  march.  The  moment  the 
escort  moves,  the  department  will  also  move,  and  as 
soon  as  its  left  flank  has  wheeled  into  Tremont  Street, 
the  second  division  will  follow  and  proceed  to  a  point 
about  opposite  the  west  side  of  Park  Street,  and  there 
rest  until  the  first  division  shall  have  filed  out  of  Park 
Street,  when  the  second  division  will  again  take  up  its 
line  of  march  and  close  on  to  the  first  division.  As 
soon  as  the  left  flank  of  the  second  division  arrives 
opposite  Boylston  Street,  the  third  division  will  be 
ready  to  march,  and  will  at  once  close  on  to  the  second. 
When  the  left  flank  of  the  third  division  arrives  oppo- 
site West  Street,  the  chief  marshal  of  the  fourth 
division  will  order  his  division  to  move,  filing  out  of 
the  Park  Street  gate  and  into  Tremont  Street,  so  as 


PRELIMINARY    ARRANGEMENTS.  43 

to  close  on  to  the  third  division  the  moment  that 
division  arrives  opposite  Park  Street.  As  soon  as  the 
left  flank  of  the  fourth  division  uncovers  the  right  of 
the  fifth  division,  that  division  will  close  on  to  the 
fourth;  and  the  chiefs  of  the  sixth  and  seventh  divi- 
sions will  be  prepared  to  march  and  close  on  to  pre- 
ceding divisions  with  all  possible  dispatch.  As  soon  as 
the  seventh  division  commences  to  march,  the  chief 
marshal  of  the  eighth  division  will  move  out  of  Winter 
Street  into  Tremont  Street,  and  take  position  so  that 
the  moment  the  left  flank  of  the  seventh  division 
wheels  into  Tremont  Street,  the  eighth  will  be  ready  to 
close  on  to  that  division,  and  thus  complete  the  for- 
mation of  the  entire  procession  without  delay. 

Disposal  of  the  Procession. 

When  the  head  of  the  procession  arrives  in  School 
Street,  the  military  escort  will  come  into  line,  with  its 
left  flank  resting  at  Tremont  Street  While  the  troops 
are  making  this  movement,  the  procession  will  still 
continue  its  line  of  march,  the  fire  department 
wheeling  to  the  right  and  passing  up  Tremont  Street 
towards  the  Common.  The  first  division  will  then  pass 
down  School  Street,  and  into  the  enclosure  in  front  of 
City  Hall,  where  Chief  Marshal  Stevenson  and  his 
assistants  will  receive  the  City  Government  and  its 
guests,  and  conduct  them  to  their  appropriate  seats  on 
the  platform.  As  soon  as  the  first  division  passes  into 


44  FRANKLIN   STATUE  MEMORIAL. 

School  Street,  the  second  division  will  wheel  to  the 
right  into  Tremont  Street,  pass  off  towards  the  Common, 
and  disperse.  The  third  division  will  then  follow  on 
in  regular  order,  passing  up  or  down  Tremont  Street,  as 
may  be  most  convenient.  The  fourth  division,  when 
its  head  arrives  at  Tremont  Street,  will  open  to  the 
right  and  left,  and  the  officers  of  the  Grand  Lodge  will 
proceed,  under  escort  of  the  De  Molay  Encampment  of 
Templars,  to  the  enclosure  in  front  of  City  Hall,  and 
the  chief  marshal  of  that  division  and  his  aids  will 
conduct  the  Grand  Master  and  his  associates  to  the 
platform.  The  remainder  of  that  division  will  pass  off 
at  Tremont  Street  to  the  Masonic  Temple  and  be  dis- 
missed ;  and  all  other  divisions,  alternately,  as  they 
arrive  at  Tremont  Street,  will  pass  off  either  up  or 
down  Tremont  Street,  as  may  be  most  convenient  to 
them,  and  be  dismissed. 

After  delivering  up  the  procession,  the  several 
mounted  marshals  will  dismount,  dispose  of  their  horses, 
and  proceed  to  the  platform  or  not,  as  may  be  most 
agreeable  to  them ;  but  immediately  after  the  close  of 
the  ceremonies  of  inauguration,  they,  together  with 
the  marshals  serving  on  the  platform,  will  meet  the 
Chief  Marshal  and  Committee  of  Arrangements  at  the 
Tremont  House. 

The  Chief  Marshal  relies  upon  the  utmost  punctu- 
ality and  dispatch  on  the  part  of  those  who  have  done 
him  the  honor  to  accept  posts  of  duty  on  this  inter- 


PRELIMINARY   ARRANGEMENTS.  45 

esting  occasion ;  and  pledges  himself  to  cooperate  with 
them  in  carrying  out  the  arrangements  of  the  day  in  a 
manner  alike  honorable  to  the  memory  of  that  illus- 
trious statesman  and  philosopher,  Benjamin  Franklin, 
and  to  the  city  of  his  birth. 

N.  A.  THOMPSON,  Chief  Marshal. 
Boston,  September  12,  1856. 


The  Committee  of  Arrangements  in  conjunction 
with  the  Chief  Marshal  then  caused  the  following 
advertisement  to  be  published  in  the  newspapers, 
thereby  giving  to  the  public  all  the  information 
necessary  to  a  sufficient  comprehension  of  the  whole 
subject  relating  to  the  inauguration  of  the  statue : — 

CITY  OF  BOSTON:  CEREMONIES  AT  THE  INAUGURATION  OF  THE 
STATUE  OF  FRANKLIN,  SEPTEMBER  17,  1856. 

COMMITTEE  OF  ARRANGEMENTS. 

FARNHAM  PLUMMER,  JOSEPH  BUCKLEY, 

OSJIYN  BREWSTER,  JONAS  H.  FRENCH, 

GEORGE  W.  TORREY,  WILLIAM  PARKMAN, 

JOSEPH  STORY. 

At  sunrise  and  at  the  close  of  the  ceremonies  of  inauguration,  the 
bells  of  the  city  will  be  rung  for  one  hour,  and  salutes  will  be  fired. 

In  the  forenoon  a  procession  will  be  formed  under  the  direction  of  Col. 
NEWELL  A.  THOMPSON,  Chief  Marshal  of  the  day,  assisted  by  the  fol- 


46 


FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 


lowino-  named  o-entlemen  who  have  been  appointed  to  act  as  Aids,  Chiefs 
of  Divisions,  Aids  to  Chiefs  of  Divisions,  and  Assistant  Marshals,  viz.: 


Otis  Kimball, 
William  S.  King, 
Gen.  James  Dana, 
William  W.  Baker, 
William  W.  Clapp,  Jr. 
E.  W.  Pike, 
Joseph  F.  Hovey, 
Alexander  Boyd, 
D.  F.  McGilvray, 
J.  Willard  Rice, 
Gen.  John  S.  Tyler, 
Col.  Thomas  E.  Chickering, 
Capt.  Charles  0.  Rogers, 
Hon.  Moses  Kimball, 
Maj.  Lewis  W.  Tappan, 
Edmund  F.  Cutter, 
Joseph  West, 
Nathaniel  Winsor,  Jr. 
John  L.  Emmons, 
Frederic  W.  Lincoln, 
Maj.  Charles  H.  Appleton, 
Josiah  B.  Richardson, 
Maj.  Charles  G.  King, 
Granville  Mears, 
Abel  Tompkins, 
Ralph  W.  Newton, 
N.  W.  Thompson, 
H.  W.  Harrington, 
Theodore  H.  Dugan, 
Wyzeman  Marshall, 
Dr.  E.  G.  Tucker, 
Peter  Butler,  Jr. 
Samuel  H.  Gookin, 
Charles  H.  Allen, 

James  M. 


Seth  E.  Brown, 
C.  Allen  Richards, 
J.  Edward  Dodd, 
James  Dennie,  Jr. 
G.  G.  Kidder, 
Dr.  H.  I.  Bowditch, 
George  Dickinson, 
George  F.  Woodman, 
A.  N.  Cook, 
E.  W.  Rowland, 
John  J.  Mann, 
William  W.  Rhoades, 
William  P.  Jones, 
D  wight  B.  Hooper, 
P.  A.  Ames, 
George  E   Learned, 
Luther  L.  Tarbell, 
Richard  B.  Everett, 
Joseph  H.  Sawyer, 
Charles  H.  Dudley, 
William  H.  Learned,  Jr. 
H.  K.  Moore, 
Joseph  D.  Coburn, 
Franklin  H.  Sprague, 
George  Greig, 
George  A.  Batchelder, 
Edmund  Boynton, 
Dexter  N.  Richards, 
Abel  Horton, 
Nathaniel  C.  Stearns, 
Andrew  J.  Loud, 
George  H.  Chapman, 
J.  H.  Long, 
George  Bush, 
Stevens. 


PRELIMINARY   ARRANGEMENTS.  47 

ORDER    OF    PROCESSION. 
A  body  of  Mounted  Police. 

ESCORT: 

The  First  Brigade  of  Massachusetts  Militia,  under  command  of  Brig.  Gen. 
Samuel  Andrews,  consisting  of  the  Boston  Light  Artillery, 

Major  M.  G.  Cobb. 

The  National  Lancers  and  Boston  Light  Dragoons,  constituting  a  Squadron 
of  Cavalry,  under  command  of  Major  T.  J.  Pierce. 

The  First  Regiment  of  Infantry,  Col.  R.  I.  Burbank. 
The  Second  Regiment  of  Infantry,  Col.  W.  W.  Bullock. 

THE  FIRE  DEPARTMENT  OF  BOSTON, 

in  Uniform,  under  command  of  Capt.  Elisha  Smith,  Jr.,  Chief  Engineer. 

Board  of  Engineers. 

Engine  Companies  with  Engines  drawn  by  members,  preceded  by  banners. 

Hook  and  Ladder  Companies,  with  carriages,  each  drawn  by  two  horses, 

and  preceded  by  banners. 

Hose   Companies  with  their   Hose  Carriages,  drawn  by  members  and 
preceded  by  banners. 

BAND. 

NEWELL  A.  THOMPSON,  Chief  Marshal. 

AIDS.  AIDS. 

William  S.  King,  Otis  Kimball, 

William  W.  Baker,  Gen.  James  Dana, 

E.  W.  Pike,  William  W.  Clapp,  Jr. 

Alexander  Boyd,  Joseph  F.  Hovey, 

J.  WiUard  Rice,  D.  F.  McGilvray. 

FIRST   DIVISION. 

GEN.  JOHN  S.  TYLER,  Chief  Marshal. 
AID.  AID. 

Charles  H.  Appleton.  Frederic  W.  Lincoln. 

Embracing  the  City  Government,  invited  guests,  and  other  official  per- 
sonages —  flanked  by  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  in 


48  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

uniform,  (with  side  arms,)   under  command  of  the  Hon.  Marshall  P. 

Wilder. 

Chief  of  Police  and  Deputies,  mounted. 

His  Honor  the  Mayor  of  Boston. 
Orator,  Chaplain,  and  Odist  of  the  Day. 

Committee  of  Arrangements. 
President  of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association. 

Franklin  Statue  Committee. 

American  Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences. 

Chairman  and  Members  of  the  Board  of  Aldermen. 

President  and  Members  of  the  Common  Council. 

The  Independent  Company  of  Cadets,  under  command  of  Col.  Thomas  C. 

Amory,  acting  as  special  escort  to  His  Excellency 

the  Governor  of  Massachusetts. 

Sheriff  of  Suffolk. 

His  Excellency  the  Governor  of  Massachusetts  and  Staff,  and  Adjutant 

General. 

His  Honor  the  Lieutenant  Governor  and  Executive  Council  of  Massa- 
chusetts. 

Governors  of  other  States  and   other   distinguished  strangers  specially 

invited. 

Past  Governors  of  Massachusetts. 

Delegation  from  the  City  of  Philadelphia. 

President  and  Faculty  of  Harvard  College. 

Presidents  and  Faculties  of  other  New  England  Colleges. 

Commissioners  and  Trustees  of  the  Public  Library. 

The  Reverend  Clergy. 
Senators  and  Representatives  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Congress  of  the 

United  States. 
Judges  of  the  United  States  and   Massachusetts   Supreme   Court,   and 

Attorney  General  of  Massachusetts. 

Ex-Members  of  Congress  from  Massachusetts. 

Members  and  Ex-Members  of  Congress  from  other  States. 

President  of  the  Senate  and  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives  of 

Massachusetts. 


PRELIMINARY   ARRANGEMENTS.  49 

SergeankatrArms  and  Members  of  the  Legislature  of  Massachusetts. 

Secretary,  Treasurer  and  Auditor  of  the  Commonwealth,  and  Clerks  of 

the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives. 

Foreign  Consuls. 

Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Education. 

Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Agriculture. 

City  Clerk,  Treasurer,  Auditor,  and  Solicitor. 

Clerk  of  the  Common  Council  and  City  Printers. 

Past  Mayors  of  Boston. 
Past  Presidents  of  the  Common  Council. 

Past  Aldermen. 

Assessors  and  Assistant  Assessors. 

Other  Heads  of  Departments  of  the  City  Grovernment. 

Superintendent  of  the  Public  Schools,  and 

School  Committee. 

Overseers  of  the  Poor,  Directors  and  other  Officers  of  City  Institutions. 

City,  Port  and  Consulting  Physicians. 

Special  Deputations  of  the  Different  Societies,  Associations  and  Organ- 
ized Bodies  represented  in  the  Procession. 
Officers  of  the  Army  and  Navy  of  the  United  States. 
Officers  of  the  Militia  of  Massachusetts,  in  uniform. 

United  States  Marshal  and  Deputies. 
Clerks  and  Officers  of  United  States  Courts. 

Commissioners  of  United  States  Courts. 

United  States  District  Attorney  and  Postmaster. 

Collector  of  the  Port  and  other  Officers  of  the  Customs. 

Officers  of  the  Revenue  Service. 
Navy  Agent,  Naval  Store  Keeper  and  other  United  States  Civil  Officers. 

Sheriffs  of  the  State. 

Judges,  Clerks,  and  officers  of  the  State,  County  and  City  Courts. 
Judges  and  Registers  of  Probate,  Registers  of  Deeds,  and  District  At- 
torneys throughout  the  Commonwealth. 
Deputy  Sheriffs  of  Suffolk  County,  and  Constabulary  force  of  the  City. 


50  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

City  Governments  of  Salem,  Lowell,  Cambridge,  Roxbury,  Charlestown, 

New  Bedford,  Worcester,  Lynn,  Newburyport,  Springfield, 

Lawrence,  and  Fall  River. 

Revolutionary  Veterans  and  Veterans  of  the  War  of  1812. 
Society  of  Cincinnati. 


SECOND    DIVISION. 

COL.  THOMAS  E.  CHICKEKING,  Chief  Marshal. 

AIDS.  AIDS. 

Charles  G.  King,  Josiah  B.  Richardson, 

Granville  Mears,  Abel  Tompkins. 

Comprising  the  mechanics  and  mechanical  trades  of  Boston  and  vicinity. 

BAND. 

Government  and  Members  of 

The  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association. 
Representatives  of  the  different  mechanical  trades,  as  follows  : 

Agricultural  implement  makers,  bell  founders,  box  makers,  belt  makers, 
brick  makers,  boat  builders,  boot  and  shoe  makers,  book  binders,  bakers, 
brush  makers,  brass  founders,  brass  finishers,  carpenters,  carriage  makers, 
cork  cutters,  confectioners,  clock  makers,  contractors,  coppersmiths,  coop- 
ers, die  sinkers,  engine  builders,  (steam),  engine  builders,  (fire),  furni- 
ture manufacturers,  flour  manufacturers,  gas  fixture  manufacturers,  gas 
meter  manufacturers,  gold  beaters,  gilders,  hair  dressers  and  wig  makers, 
harness  makers,  hat  makers  and  finishers,  house  carvers,  house  painters, 
iron  founders,  iron  furniture  makers,  iron  manufacturers,  iron  safe  makers, 
jewellers,  last  makers,  locksmiths,  life  preserver  makers,  masons,  marble 
workers,  musical  instrument  makers,  organ  builders,  paper  rulers,  paper 
hanging  makers,  papier  mache  makers,  printing  press  makers,  piano  forte 
makers,  picture  frame  makers,  plumbers,  rope  makers,  riggers,  sail  makers, 
shipwrights,  ship  builders,  saw  manufacturers,  ship  carvers,  stove  and  fur- 
nace makers,  sheet  iron  workers,  sign  painters,  silversmiths,  school  furni- 
ture makers,  sewing  machine  makers,  stone  cutters,  sugar  manufacturers, 
soapstone  manufacturers,  tailors,  tinsmiths,  trunk  makers,  type  founders, 
turners,  upholsterers,  window  shade  manufacturers,  wrought  iron  pipe 
manufacturers,  wooden  ware  manufacturers. 


PRELIMINARY   ARRANGEMENTS.  51 

i 

All  the  above  mentioned  trades,  and  others  who  may  join  this  division, 
are  expected  to  be  represented  in  the  procession,  with  suitable  cars,  exhib- 
iting their  works,  banners,  devices,  decorations,  &c. 

Details  for  the  formation  of  this  division  will  be  announced  in  a  special 
notice  from  the  marshal  of  the  division. 


THIRD    DIVISION. 

Capt.  CHARLES  0.  ROGERS,  Chief  Marshal. 

AIDS.  AIDS. 

Ralph  W.  Newton,  N.  W.  Thompson, 

H.  W.  Harrington.  Theodore  H.  Dugan. 

Comprising  the  mechanical  professions,  artists,  manufacturers,  associa- 
tions of  business  men  and  dealers  in  various  articles  of  merchandise,  &c., 
with  banners. 

BAND. 

The  Franklin  Typographical  Society,  Printers'  Union  and  other  Societies 
and  Associations  of  Printers,  with  ancient  and  modern  Printing 

Presses  in  operation,  types  and  implements  of  business. 
Representations  of  various  Newspaper  Establishments  in  Boston,  with 

presses,  &c.,  in  working  order. 

Editors  and  Publishers  of  Newspapers. 

Telegraph  Operators. 

Representatives  of  the  various  Express  establishments  in  the  city,  with 

wagons,  &c. 

Electricians,  Manufacturers  of   and  dealers  in  Astronomical  and  Philo- 
sophical Instruments,  with  specimens. 

Artists  and   persons  engaged   in   the  sale  of   works  of  Art,   including 

Daguerrean  artists,  Pyrotechnists,  &c.,  with  specimens  of 

Statuary,  Paintings,  Photographs,  Fireworks,  &c. 

Architects  and  Draughtsmen,  with  models. 

Soap  and  Candle  Manufacturers. 

Manufacturers  of  Cotton,  Woolen,  Silk,  Paper,  Glass,  &c.,  including  all 

who  are  not  embraced  in  the  second  division, 

with  specimens  of  merchandise. 


52  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Occupants  of  Faneuil  Hall  Market,  with,  model  of  market. 

Association  of  Brighton  Butchers. 
Other  organized  bodies  of  Business  Men. 

Dealers  in  Mechanical   Implements,   Tools,    &c.,  used   in   Agriculture. 
including  dealers  in  Horticultural  articles, 

Florists,  &c.,  with  specimens. 

Dealers  in  Mechanical  Implements,  Tools,   &c.,  used  in   Commerce,  in- 
cluding dealers  in  Nautical  Instruments,  Ship 
Chandlers,  &c.,  with  specimens. 

Dealers  in  Mechanical  Implements,  Tools,   &c.,  used  in  Manufactures 
and  the  Mechanic  Arts,  with  specimens. 

Dealers  in  Merchandise  of  other  descriptions,  with  specimens  —  including 
all  persons  who  wish  to  represent  in  the  procession  any  branch 

of  business  not  herein  before  provided  for. 
Citizens  of  other  States,  by  States,  with  banners. 

An    Omnibus   belonging  to  Hathorne's   Washington  Street  Line,  filled 

with  ladies,  drawn  by  six  horses. 
A  Car  of  the  Metropolitan  Railroad  Company,  filled  with  ladies,  on  a 

platform,  drawn  by  four  horses. 

Youno;  Archers  of  South  Boston. 


FOURTH    DIVISION. 

HON.  MOSES  KIMBALL,  Chief  Marshal. 

AID.  AID. 

Dr.  E.  Gr.  Tucker.  Wyzeman  Marshall. 

Embracing  the  Masonic  Fraternity  of  Massachusetts  and  other  States, 
arranged  in  the  following  order : 

BAND. 

Encampments  of  Knights  Templars,  under  the  command  of  Simon  W. 
Robinson,   Esq.,   Commander  of  the  Grand  Encampment 

of  Massachusetts  and  Rhode  Island. 

Masonic  Lodges  subordinate  to  or  recognized  by  the  Grand  Lodge  of 

Massachusetts. 


PRELIMINARY   ARRANGEMENTS.  53 

Royal  Arch  Chapters  subordinate  to  or  recognized  by  the  Grand  Chapter 

of  Massachusetts. 

Grand  Chapter  of  Massachusetts. 

General  Grand  Chapter  of  the  United  States. 

Representatives  of  Councils,  Consistories  and  the  higher  orders  of  Masonry. 
Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts. 


FIFTH    DIVISION. 

Maj.  LEWIS  W.  TAPPAN,  Chief  Marshal. 

AID.  AID. 

Samuel  H.  Gookin.  Peter  Butler,  Jr. 

BAND. 

The  Bunker  Hill  Monument  Association. 

The  Boston  Board  of  Trade. 

The  Massachusetts  Society  for  promoting  Agriculture. 
The  Massachusetts  Horticultural  Society. 

The  lineal  descendants  and  collateral  relatives  of  the  father  of  Benjamin 

Franklin. 

Pupils  of  the  Boston  Public  Schools  who  have  received  the  Franklin 

Medal,  from  1792  to  1856,  inclusive,  each  wearing  his 

medal  suspended  by  a  blue  ribbon. 

Pupils  of  the  Boston  Public  Schools  who  have  received  the  Lawrence  or 

other  Prizes. 

Franklin  Association  —  Franklin  Library  Association  —  Franklin  Lodge 

of  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows — and  all  other  organized 

societies,  associations,  &c.,  in  this  and  other  cities  (except 

Printers)  bearing  the  name  of  "  Franklin." 

Subscribers  to  the  Franklin  Statue. 


54  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

SIXTH    DIVISION. 

EDMUND  F.  CUTTER,  ESQ.,  Chief  Marshal. 

AID.  AID. 

Seth  E.  Brown.  Charles  H.  Allen. 

Embracing   the    several    historical,    scientific,    literary,    and    musical 
societies  and  associations,  as  follows : 

BAND. 

Massachusetts  Historical  Society. 
Boston  Society  of  Natural  History. 

Massachusetts  Medical  Society. 
Suffolk  District  Medical  Society. 

Boston  Medical  Association. 
Boston  Society  for  Medical  Improvement. 

Boylston  Medical  Society. 

Massachusetts  College  of  Pharmacy. 

New  England  Historic-Genealogical  Society. 

Boston  Mechanics'  Institute. 

Mercantile   Library  Association. 

Mechanic  Apprentices  Library  Association. 

Boston  Library  Society. 

Mattapan  Literary  Association. 

Students  of  Harvard  College. 

Dartmouth  College  Association. 

Boston  Latin  School  Association. 

English  High   School   Association. 

Boston  Bums   Club. 

French  Institute. 

Boston  Young  Men's  Christian  Association. 

Boston  Young  Men's   Christian  Union. 

Handel  and  Haydn  Society. 

Boston  Academy  of  Music. 

Musical  Education  Society. 


PRELIMINARY    ARRANGEMENTS.  55 

Mendelssohn  Choral  Society. 
Musical  Fund  Society. 

Other  Scientific,  Literary,  Historical  and  Musical  Societies  and  Associa- 
tions, who  may  wish  to  join  the  procession. 


SEVENTH   DIVISION. 

JOSEPH  WEST,  ESQ.,  Chief  Marshal. 
AID.  AID. 

J.  Edward  Dodd.  C.  Allen  Kichards. 

Embracing  the  several  benevolent   and  charitable  societies  and   asso- 
ciations, arranged  according  to  the  date  of  organization. 

BAND. 

Middlesex  Mechanic  Association. 

Worcester  Mechanic  Association. 

Salem  Charitable  Mechanic  Association. 

Massachusetts  Charitable  Society. 
Charitable  Association  of  the  Boston  Fire  Department. 

Merchant  Tailors'  Association. 
Massachusetts  Charitable  Fire  Society. 

Charitable  Orthopedic  Association. 

Association  of  Shipwrights  and  Caulkers  of  Boston  and  Charlestown- 
Massachusetts  Congregational  Charitable  Society. 

Howard  Benevolent  Society. 

Massachusetts  Charitable  Eye  and  Ear  Infirmary. 

Silver  Workers'  Benefit  Association. 

Scots  Charitable  Society. 

British  Charitable  Society. 

Charitable  Irish  Society. 

United  Shamrock  Society. 

German  Immigrant  Aid  Society. 

Perkins  Institution  for  the  Blind. 


56  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Young  Men's  Benevolent  Society. 
Hebrew  Mutual  Relief  Society. 

United  Brothers  Line  of  Liberty,  No.  37,  A.  D.  0.  H. 
German  Gymnastic  Society. 

Other  Benevolent  and  Charitable  Societies  and  Associations  who  may 
wish  to  join  the  procession. 


EIGHTH    DIVISION. 

NATHANIEL  WINSOR,  Jr.  Esq.,  Chief  Marshal. 

AID.  AID. 

James  Dennie,  Jr.  G.  G.  Kidder. 

BAND. 

Massachusetts  Humane  Society. 

The  Boston  Marine  Society. 

The  Salem  East  India  Marine  Society. 

Cape  Cod  Association. 

Boston  Port  Society. 

Sailors'  Snug  Harbor. 

Seamen's  Friend  Society. 

Other  Societies  for  the  improvement  and  relief  of  Seamen  in  Boston 

and  vicinity. 

Shaw  Institute  for  Mariners'   Children. 
Commissioners  of  the  Boston  Pilots. 

Boston  Pilots. 

Boat  Clubs  of  Boston  and  vicinity,  in  the  Uniform  of  their  respective 
Clubs,  with  their  Boats  on  platforms,  drawn  by  horses. 

Captains  and  other  Officers  of  Vessels  in  Port. 

United  States  and  other  Seamen  in  Port,  with  Flags  and  Ship  on  plat- 
form, drawn  by  horses. 

Citizens  Generally. 
A  Body  of  mounted  Police. 


PRELIMINARY   ARRANGEMENTS.  57 

NINTH    DIVISION. 
JOHN  L.  EMMONS,  Esq.,  Chief  Marshal 

AID.  AID. 

Dr.  H.  I.  Bowditch.  George  Dickinson. 

This  division  will  embrace  the  children  of  both  sexes  of  all  the  Public 
Schools  in  Boston,  who  will  assemble  at  their  respective  school  houses,  at 
nine  o'clock,  A.M.,  form  under  the  direction  of  their  teachers,  and  proceed 
to  Beacon  street,  where  they  will  be  arranged  hi  lines,  on  both  sides  of  the 
street,  the  right  resting  at  Hancock  avenue ;  the  girls  of  the  Grammar 
Schools,  and  the  pupils  of  both  sexes  of  the  Primary  Schools,  occupying 
the  sidewalk  next  to  the  Mall,  the  boys  of  the  Grammar  Schools  the 
opposite  sidewalk.  The  lines  to  be  formed  at  eleven  o'clock,  after  which 
hour,  vehicles  of  every  description  will  be  excluded  from  Beacon  Street,  until 
the  procession  shall  have  passed  through  that  street,  and  no  person  except 
pupils,  teachers  and  others  connected  with  the  schools  will  be  allowed  to 
occupy  that  street  while  the  procession  is  passing  through  it,  thus  affording 
ample  protection  to  the  children,  and  an  opportunity  for  them  to  see  the 
whole  procession  unmolested. 

Immediately  after  the  procession  has  passed,  the  children  will  be 
escorted  by  their  marshals  and  teachers  to  the  Beacon  Street  entrance  of 
the  Public  Garden,  where  a  little  simple  refreshment  will  be  provided  for 
them  by  the  City.  A  band  will  be  detailed  to  accompany  them  and  to 
play  for  them  during  the  remainder  of  the  afternoon,  and  the  Garden  will 
continue  open  as  their  play  and  pleasure  ground  till  sunset.  Their 
parents  and  friends  and  the  citizens  generally  are  invited  to  witness  and 
participate  in  their  amusements  at  the  same  tune  and  place. 


CITY    HALL    AND    ENCLOSURE. 

Owing  to  the  limited  space  in  front  of  City  Hall  and  around  the  statue, 
it  will  hardly  be  possible  that  all  the  divisions  of  the  procession  should 
be  able  to  witness  the  ceremonies  of  inauguration.  In  order,  however, 
that  the  whole  body  of  the  procession  may  be  represented  on  the  occasion, 
a  place  has  been  assigned  in  the  first  division  for  a  deputation  of  one  per- 
son from  each  society,  association,  organized  body,  trade,  profession  or 
business  represented  in  the  procession ;  such  deputation  to  be  selected  by 


58  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

the  respective  parties  to  be  represented,  and  to  report  to  the  chief  mar-' 
shal  of  the  first  division,  at  the  State  House,  at  half  past  nine  o'clock. 

No  persons  will  be  admitted  to  the  City  Hall,  to  the  enclosure  in  front 
of  the  Hall,  or  to  the  platform  or  seats  erected  around  the  statue,  until  the 
arrival  of  the  procession,  except  by  authority  of  the  Committee  of  Ar- 
rangements. 

The  following  named  gentlemen  have  been  appointed  to  act  as  marshals 
at  City  Hall,  and  will  superintend  the  arrangement  of  seats  upon  the 
platform  and  have  charge  of  the  grounds  around  the  statue : 

J.  THOMAS  STEVENSON,  Chief  Marshal. 

Eobert  C.  Winthrop,  Jr.  Albert  Cushman, 

Theodore  Lyman,  John  Quincy  Adams, 

Francis  W.  Palfrey,  Arthur  Dexter, 

P.  P.  Ellis,  F.  0.  Dabney, 

George  S.  J.  Oliver,  C.  Hook  Appleton, 

E.  Jones  Andrews,  F.  I.  Merritt. 

ORDER    OF   EXERCISES. 

1.  Voluntary,  by  the  Band. 

2.  Chorus,  by  Pupils  of  the  Public  Schools. 

3.  Prayer,  by  the  Rev.  G.  W.  Blagden,  D.D. 

4.  Inaugural  Oration,  by  the  Hon.  Robert  C.  Winthrop,  towards  the 

close  of  which  the  statue  will  be  uncovered. 

5.  Original  Ode  —  written  for  the  occasion  by  James  T.  Fields,  Esq. , 

adapted  to  music  by  Mr.  Nathan  Richardson  —  Performed  by 
a  select  choir,  composed  of  the  Pupils  of  the  Public  Schools, 
under  the  direction  of  Professor  Charles  Butler. 

6.  Address    of  Presentation,  by  Frederick   W.   Lincoln,   Jr.,   Esq., 

President  of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association. 

7.  Address  of  Reception,  by  His  Honor  Alexander  H.  Rice,  Mayor 

of  Boston. 

8.  Masonic  Ceremonies  of  Inauguration,  by  Winslow  Lewis,  M.D., 

Grand  Master,  assisted  by  John  T.  Heard  and  Charles  R. 
Train,  Esqrs.,  Grand  Wardens,  and  other  officers  of  the  Grand 
Lodge. 


PRELIMINARY    ARRANGEMENTS.  59 

9.    Hymn  (Old  Hundred)  by  the  Choir,  in  which  the  whole  audience 

are  requested  to  join. 
10.    Benediction  by  the  Eight  Reverend  Bishop  Eastburn. 


ROUTE    OF    THE    PROCESSION. 

The  Procession  will  move  from  the  corner  of  Park  and  Tremont  Streets 
precisely  at  ten  o'clock,  as  follows  :  Through  Tremont  to  Court  Street, 
passing  the  Granary  Burying  Ground,  where  repose  the  remains  of  the 
parents  of  Franklin ;  down  Court  to  Washington,  passing  the  site  of  the 
old  printing  office  where  Franklin  worked  as  an  apprentice  to  his  brother ; 
down  Washington  and  through  Dock  Square  to  Union  ;  through  Union  to 
Haymarket  Square,  passing  the  old  tallow  chandler's  shop  where  Franklin 
made  candles  ;  around  the  enclosure  in  Haymarket  Square  to  Blackstone 
Street ;  through  Blackstone  and  Clinton  Streets  to  Commercial ;  through 
Commercial  to  South  Market ;  up  South  Market  to  Merchants'  Row ; 
through  Merchants'  Row  to  State ;  up  State,  passing  the  south  side  of  the 
old  State  House,  to  Washington  ;  up  Washington  to  Milk,  passing  the 
Old  South  meeting-house,  where  Franklin  was  baptized ;  down  Milk  to 
Federal,  passing  the  birthplace  of  Franklin ;  through  Federal  to  Frank- 
lin; up  Franklin  (north  side,)  to  Washington,  passing  the  monument 
erected  to  the  memory  of  Franklin ;  up  Washington  to  Dover ;  down 
Dover  to  Tremont ;  down  Tremont  to  Pleasant ;  through  Pleasant  to 
Charles  ;  through  Charles  to  Beacon ;  through  Beacon  and  School  Streets 
to  the  enclosure  hi  front  of  the  City  Hall. 

No  carriages,  teams  or  vehicles  of  any  description  will  be  allowed  to 
stand  in  or  obstruct  any  of  the  streets  through  which  the  procession  is  to 
pass.  And  it  is  particularly  desired  that  occupants  of  stores  and  houses 
along  the  line  of  the  procession  will  display  such  decorations,  devices,  &c. 
as  they  may  deem  appropriate  to  the  occasion. 


SPECIAL   NOTICE. 

All  societies,  associations,  trades,  &c.,  mentioned  hi  the  program, 
and  other  societies,  associations,  trades,  &c. ,  not  mentioned,  who  may  wish 
to  join  the  procession,  are  invited  to  do  so,  and  will  have  places  assigned 


60  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

them  by  making  their  wishes  known  to  the  Chief  Marshal,  before  noon  of 
the  sixteenth  inst. 

All  societies,  associations,  &c.,  are  invited  to  appear  with  banners, 
badges,  &c.,  and  in  full  dress  or  regalia  of  their  order. 

Franklin  Medal  Scholars  in  the  military  escort,  in  the  fire  departr 
ment,  or  who  may  occupy  official  positions  in  other  divisions  in  the  pro- 
cession than  that  assigned  to  them,  are  requested  to  wear  their  medals 
suspended  by  a  blue  ribbon ;  and  members  of  the  Masonic  Fraternity 
occupying  similar  positions,  are  requested  to  wear  an  appropriate  Masonic 
badge. 

The  proces^on  will  be  formed  in  sections  of  five,  and  the  several  socie- 
ties, associations  and  organized  bodies  who  propose  to  join  it  are  requested 
to  form  in  that  manner,  under  their  own  marshals,  (serving  on  foot,)  and 
to  report  themselves  to  the  chief  marshals  of  the  divisions  to  which  they 
severally  belong,  at  or  before  nine  o'clock,  A.M. 

All  bodies,  associations,  &c.,  will  appoint  their  own  marshals  and 
assistant  marshals,  who  are  requested  to  wear  dark  hats,  coats,  pants, 
white  vests,  and  white  gloves. 

The  Chief  Marshal  and  his  aids,  chief  marshals  of  divisions  and  their 
aids,  and  the  assistant  marshals  appointed  by  the  Chief,  will  be  mounted : 
all  other  marshals  in  the  procession  will  serve  on  foot. 


FORMATION    OF    DIVISIONS. 

The  Escort  will  be  taken  up  by  the  First  Brigade,  formed  on  Tremont 
Street,  with  the  centre  opposite  Park  Street,  the  right  extending  towards 
Court  Street. 

The  Fire  Department  will  be  formed  on  West  Street,  with  the  right 
resting  at  Tremont  Street,  the  left  extending  across  Washington  Street 
into  Bedford  Street. 

The  First  Division  will  assemble  at  the  State  House,  form  and  march 
down  Park  Street,  the  right  resting  at  Tremont  Street. 

The  Second  Division  will  assemble  on  Tremont  Street,  the  right  resting 
at  West  Street,  the  left  extending  up  Tremont  Street  as  far  as  necessary 
for  the  formation  of  the  line. 


PRELIMINARY   ARRANGEMENTS.  61 

The  Third  Division  will  assemble  in  Boylston  Street,  with  the  right 
resting  at  Tremont  Street,  the  left  extending  through  Charles  Street. 

The  Fourth  Division  will  assemble  in  the  Tremont  Street  Mall,  with 
the  right  or  marching  flank  resting  at  the  Park  Street  gate. 

The  Fifth  Division  will  assemble  in  the  Mall  leading  from  opposite 
West  Street  towards  the  Providence  Depot,  with  the  right  resting  opposite 
West  Street,  the  left  extending  into  the  Charles  Street  Mall,  if  necessary. 

The  Sixth  Division  will  assemble  in  the  Mall  leading  from  West  to  Joy 
Street,  the  left  extending  down  the  Beacon  Street  Mall. 

The  Seventh  Division  will  assemble  in  the  Park  Street  Mall,  with  the 
right  resting  near  the  Park  Street  gate,  the  left  extending  into  and  down 
the  Beacon  Street  Mall. 

The  Eighth  Division  will  assemble  in  Winter  Street,  with  the  right  rest- 
ing at  Tremont  Street,  the  left  extending  across  Washington  Street  into 
Summer  Street. 

NEWELL  A.  THOMPSON,  Chief  Marshal. 


By  order  of  Col.  Thomas  E.  Chickering,  to  whom 
was  entrusted  the  laborious  duty  of  marshaling  the 
second  division,  comprising  the  Massachusetts  Char- 
itable Mechanic  Association,  and  of  arranging  that 
part  of  the  procession  which  included  the  various 
mechanical  trades,  the  following  letter  of  invitation 
was  issued:  — 

FRANKLIN  STATUE.     MASSACHUSETTS  CHARITABLE  MECHANIC 

ASSOCIATION. 

BOSTON,  SEPTEMBER  11,  1856. 

Col.  Thomas  E.  Chickering,  having  received  the  ap- 
pointment of  chief  marshal  of  this  association,  for  the 
coming  celebration  of  the  inauguration  of  the  statue 


62  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

of  Franklin,  cordially  invites  all  members  to  cooperate 
with  him  by  joining  the  procession  on  the  seventeenth 
of  the  present  month,  and  thereby  consummate  the 
desire  of  the  Board  of  Government,  to  have  the  society 
well  represented  upon  that  occasion,  and  terminate 
successfully  the  laudable  design  of  erecting  a  monu- 
ment to  the  memory  of  Franklin,  in  which  this  associa- 
tion has  already  taken  such  an  active  part. 

The  following  named  gentlemen  have  been  ap- 
pointed assistant  marshals :  — 

AIDS.  AIDS. 

Charles  G.  King,  Granville  Hears, 

Josiah  B.  Richardson.  Abel  Tompkins. 

MARSHALS. 

A.  0.  Bigelow,  George  Yendall, 

J.  P.  Fairbanks,  George  B.  Foster, 

Thomas  Goddard,  Ralph  Emerson, 

Edmund  D.  Cassell,  James  Tolraan, 

Samuel  H.  Newman,  George  Darracott,  Jr. 

Charles  A.  Smith,  John  J.  Rayner. 

The  four  gentlemen  named  as  aids,  having  also  been 
appointed  aids  to  the  chief  marshal,  will  act  as  mar- 
shals of  the  second  division,  of  which  this  association 
will  form  a  part,  and  will  appear  mounted,  uniformed 
in  black  coat  and  pants,  white  vest,  chapeau,  and  sash 
of  blue  silk. 

All  other  marshals  will  discharge  their  duties  on 
foot,  uniformed  in  black  coat  and  pants,  white  vest, 


PRELIMINARY   ARRANGEMENTS.  63 

dress  hat,  and  wearing  the  sash  provided  by  the  asso- 
ciation. 

The  association  will  assemble  in  Temple  Place  at 
nine  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  seventeenth,  the 
column  formed  in  sections  of  five,  and  be  in  readiness 
to  move  at  precisely  ten  o'clock. 

Aids  and  marshals  will  report  (as  above)  to  Mr. 
Charles  G.  King,  at  half  past  eight  o'clock,  on  the 
morning  of  the  seventeenth  instant. 

Details  will  be  made  on  the  morning  of  the  cele- 
bration for  gentlemen  to  serve  as  standard-bearers,  and 
to  perform  such  other  duties  as  the  occasion  may 
require. 

Carriages  will  be  provided  for  such  members  as  may 
desire  to  join  the  procession,  too  aged  or  infirm  to 
walk,  notice  being  previously  given  by  such  persons  to 
the  chief  marshal  of  their  intention. 

The  Board  of  Government  anticipate  a  full  and 
punctual  attendance  of  the  members  of  this  asso- 
ciation. 

Per  order  of  COL.  T.  E.  CHICKERING, 

Chief  Marshal  M.   0.  M.  A. 
CHARLES  G.  KING,  Senior  Aid. 


Col.  Chickering,  through  the  secretary  of  the  com- 
mittee of  the  trades,  also  published  the  following  order 
of  procession  for  the  second  division. 


64  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

INAUGURATION   OF   THE   STATUE   OF   FRANKLIN,  ON   WEDNESDAY,   SEP- 
TEMBER 17,   1857. 

Order  of  Procession  of  the  SECOND  DIVISION  ;  comprising  the  mechanics 
and  mechanical  trades  of  Boston  and  vicinity,  under  the  direction  of 

THOMAS  E.  CHICKERING,  Chief  Marshal. 
AIDS.  AIDS. 

Charles  G.  King,  Josiah  B.  Richardson, 

Granville  Hears.  Abel  Tompkins. 

FLANK   MARSHALS    OF    SECOND   DIVISION. 

George  F.  Woodman,  Hugh  K.  Moore, 

William  W.  Rhoades,  Dexter  N.  Richards. 

The  above  named  gentlemen  will  assemble  at  the  residence    of    the 

Chief  Marshal,   Col.  N.  A.  Thompson,  in  Boylston  Street,  at  half  past 

eight  o'clock. 

Assistant.          Division  Standard  Bearer.          Assistant. 

BOND'S  CORNET   BAND. 
MASSACHUSETTS  CHARITABLE  MECHANIC  ASSOCIATION. 

Assistant.  Standard  Bearer.  Assistant. 

President,  Vice  President,  Treasurer, 

Marshal.  and  Secretary.  Marshal. 

Board  of  Trustees. 

Committee  of  Relief. 

Marshals.  Honorary  Members.  Marshals. 

Past  Officers. 

Members  of  the  Association,  formed  in  sections  of  five. 
The  Association  will  assemble  in  Temple  Place,  at  nine  o'clock,   at 
which  time  and  place  badges  will  be  furnished. 

The  following  named  gentlemen  have  been  appointed 

ASSISTANT    MARSHALS. 

A.  0.  Bigelow,  George  Yendall, 

J.  L.  Fairbanks,  George  B.  Foster, 

Thomas  Goddard,  Ralph  Emerson, 

E.  D.   Cassell,  James  Tolman, 

S.    H.  Newman,  George  Darracott,  Jr. 

Charles  A.  Smith,  John  J.  Rayner, 


PRELIMINARY    ARRANGEMENTS.  65 

who  will  report  to  the  senior  aid,  Major  Charles  Gr.  King,  in  Temple 
Place,  at  nine  o'clock,  who  will  assign  to  each  his  position,  on  either 
flank  of  the  association. 

The  mechanical  trades  will  assemble  on  Tremont  Street,  the  right 
resting  at  West  Street. 

Forty-seven  trades  having  signified  their  intention  of  being  represented 
in  this  division,  cards,  numbering  from  1  to  47,  will  be  posted  along 
Tremont  Street,  commencing  at  the  corner  of  West  Street  with  No.  1, 
and  extending  southerly  over  Tremont  Road. 

The  several  trades  will  approach  towards  West  Street  from  the  south, 
and  halt  at  the  number  on  the  street  corresponding  with  the  number 
against  their  trades  in  the  following  program. 

Eight  mounted  marshals  will  be  stationed  at  intervals  on  the  ground  of 
formation,  who  will  assign  to  each  body  its  position.  The  chief  of  this 
division  will  be  found  at  the  corner  of  Tremont  and  West  Streets,  (Card 
No.  1,)  during  the  formation.  Other  trades,  not  included  in  this  pro- 
gram, are  invited  to  join,  and  positions  will  be  assigned  to  them  by 
the  chief  marshal  or  his  assistants. 

The  procession  will  be  formed  in  sections  of  five,  at  the  corner  of  Tre- 
mont and  West  Streets. 

No.  1.    Three  cars,  each  drawn  by  four  horses,  representing  the  primary, 
grammar,  and  high  schools,  exhibiting  school  furniture  and 
children  at  study. 
School  Furniture  —  W.  Gr.  Shattuck  —  Village  School. 

2.  Ames  Manufacturing  Company,  Chicopee,  about  two  hundred 

and  fifty  men. 

3.  Bakers,  two  hundred  and  fifty  men,  with  a  band. 

4.  Sugar  Manufacturers. 

5.  Spice   Grinders  —  Stickney  &  Poor  —  car  with  four  horses  — 

twenty  men. 

6.  Papier  Mache  Makers. 

7.  Soap  Stone  Workers  —  W.  H.  Maine  &  Co.  —  car  with  two 

horses. 

8.  Stencil  Cutting  Machine  —  car  with  one  horse. 

9.  Bay  State  Iron  Works  —  car  with  twelve  horses  —  three  hun- 

dred men. 
Pembroke  Iron  Company  —  two  cars  with  four  horses  each. 


66  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Boston  Locomotive  Works  —  car  with  twenty-four  horses  —  one 
hundred  men  ;  two  cars  —  two  hundred  men. 

Globe  Locomotive  Works  —  car  with  eight  horses  —  one  hun- 
dred men. 

South  Boston  Iron  Company  —  car  with  three  horses ;  car  with 
two  horses  —  one  hundred  men. 

Harrison  Loring,  Sugar  Mill  —  car  with  ten  horses. 

Allen  &  Endicott,  Boiler  Makers  —  car  with  four  horses. 

Cunningham  &  Co.  —  car  with  two  horses. 

William  Adams  &  Co.,  Iron  Safes  —  car  with  two  horses  — 
thirty  men. 

J.  E.  Wilder  &  Co.,  Iron  Safes  —  car  with  two  horses  — 
thirty  men. 

Edwards,  Fernald  &  Kershaw  —  car  with  two  horses  —  thirty 
men. 

Denio  &  Roberts —  car  with  two  horses  —  thirty  men. 

10.  New  England  Steam  and  Gas  Pipe  Manufacturers. 

J.  B.  Richardson  —  car  with  two  horses  —  one  hundred  men. 
J.  J.  Walworth  &  Co.  —  car  with  six  horses  —  one  hundred 
men. 

11.  Chickering   &   Sons,   Piano-Forte    Manufacturers  —  three  cars 

with  four  horses  each  —  three  hundred  men. 
Hallett,  Davis  &  Co.  —  car  with  four  horses  —  one  hundred 
and  seventy-five  men. 

12.  Hatters  —  car  with  six  horses  —  two  hundred  men. 

13.  Horse  Shoers  —  car  with  four  horses  —  men  at  work. 

14.  S.   A.   Stetson  &  Co.,  Gas  Fitters  —  two  cars,  with  two  and 

one  horse. 

W.  F.  Shaw,  Gas  Stoves  —  car  with  four  horses. 
Gas  Meters  —  George  Darracott,  Jr.  —  car  with  two  horses. 

15.  John  F.  Pray  &   Son,  Boot  Makers  —  one  hundred  and  fifty 

men. 

16.  Polish  —  Shirley's  Polish  —  car  with  four  horses. 

17.  Block  and  Pump  Makers  —  car  with  four  horses  —  forty  men. 

18.  Iron    Furniture  —  Chase    Brothers    &    Co. — car    with    four 

horses. 

19.  Clothes  Drying  Car  —  one  horse. 

20.  Charcoal  Burners  —  car  with  four  horses. 

21.  Tonsorial  Profession  —  car  with  four  horses. 


PRELIMINARY    ARRANGEMENTS.  67 

22.  Shipwrights  and  Caulkers  —  two  hundred  men  —  car  with  two 

horses,  exhibiting  J.  E.  Simpson's  patent  Dry  Dock. 

23.  Tailors  —  car  with  two  horses  —  five  hundred  men. 

24.  Carvers,  with  car  containing  a  model  of  the  Public  Library. 

25.  Masons  —  two   cars  with   four   horses   each  —  three    hundred 

men. 

26.  Cigar  Makers  —  car  with  two  horses  —  fifty  men. 

27.  Furniture  Makers  —  Doe  &  Hazelton  —  two  hundred  men. 
Furniture  Makers  —  James  G.  Blake  &  Co.  —  forty  men. 

28.  Composition  Roof  Makers  —  car  with  two  horses,  car  with  one 

horse  —  twenty  men. 

29.  Kindling  Wood  —  car  with  four  horses. 

30.  Paper  Box  Makers  —  car  with  four  horses. 

31.  Coopers  —  two  hundred  and  fifty  men  —  four  horses. 

32.  Winde  &  Co.,  Boat  Builders  —  boat  full  manned. 

33.  Brass    Founders  —  H.    N.    Hooper   &    Co.  —  three   hundred 

men  —  car  with  three  horses. 
Brass  Founders  —  Gavett  &  Co.  —  three  hundred  men. 

34.  Gilders  and  Frame  Makers  —  car  with  two  horses. 

35.  Glass  Company,  New  England. 
Flint  Glass  Company. 

36.  Plumbers  —  about  three  hundred  men. 

37.  H.  K.  Moore  —  Steam  Gauges  —  car  with  four  horses. 

38.  Settee  Makers  —  car  with  one  horse  —  seventy-five  men. 

39.  Silversmiths  and  Jewellers  —  car  with  six  horses  —  one   hun- 

dred and  fifty  men. 

40.  Bacon  Works  —  car  with  three  horses. 

41.  Painters  —  car  with  two  horses  —  two  hundred  men. 

42.  Wood  Turners  —  car  with  two  horses. 

43.  Wooden  Ware  Makers  —  car  with  four  horses. 

44.  Stove  Makers  —  Chilson  &  Co.  —  car  with  six  horses  —  one 

hundred  men. 
M.  Pond  &  Co.  —  car  with  four  horses. 

45.  Window  Shade  Makers  —  car. 

46.  Trunk  and  Harness  Makers  —  car  —  twenty  men. 

47.  Agricultural  Implement  Makers  —  car  with  six  yoke  of  oxen. 

One  delegate  from  each  trade  of  this  division  will  be  entitled  to  a 
position  in  the  first  division,  and  a  place  in  the  area,  to  witness  the  inau- 


G8  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

gural  ceremonies  —  application  being  made  by  such  delegates  to  the  chief 
marshal  of  the  division,  who  will  furnish  a  ticket. 

The  several  trades  above  mentioned  are  requested  to  report  punctually 
at  nine  o'clock,  as  the  procession  will  move  at  precisely  ten  o'clock. 

By  order  of  COL.  T.  E.  CHICKERING, 

Chief  Marshal  Second  Division. 

J.  B.  RICIIAKDSON,  Secretary  of  Committee  of  Trades. 


William  D.  Coolidge,  Esq.,  Grand  Marshal  of  the 
Grand  Lodge  of  Free  and  Accepted  Masons  in  Massa- 
chusetts, issued  the  following  orders  to  the  various 
masonic  bodies  in  the  neighborhood  of  Boston :  — 

GRAND  MARSHAL'S  ORDERS  ON  THE  CELEBRATION  OF  THE 
INAUGURATION  OF  THE  FRANKLIN  STATUE,  BOSTON,  SEP- 
TEMBER 17,  1856. 

In  pursuance  of  instructions  from  the  M.  W.  Grand 
Master,  already  communicated  to  the  Lodges  of  this 
masonic  jurisdiction,  and  to  facilitate  the  formation  of 
the  procession,  that  the  ceremonies  of  the  seventeenth 
instant  may  be  conducted  with  order  and  decorum: 

It  is  hereby  ordered,  that  the  respective  lodges,  chap- 
ters, and  encampments,  appear  at  the  place  of  general 
formation,  on  the  morning  of  the  seventeenth  instant, 
precisely  at  nine  o'clock,  and  take  position  as  herein 
designated,  and  be  assigned  their  place  in  line  by  an 
assistant  grand  marshal. 


PRELIMINARY   ARRANGEMENTS.  09 

The  marshals  of  lodges,  chapters  and  encampments, 
immediately  on  their  arrival  at  the  place  of  formation, 
will  report  to  the  grand  marshal  at  the  Temple. 

Blue  lodges  will  form  on  the  Tremont  Street  Mall, 
northerly  end;  chapters  will  form  on  the  Tremont 
Street  Mall,  southerly  end  ;  encampments  will  form  in 
Temple  Place. 

The  grand  lodge  of  Massachusetts  will  form  in  the 
lower  Hall  of  the  Temple. 

Marshals  of  lodges  will  be  particular  in  observing 
that  the  orders  of  the  grand  master  are  strictly  con- 
formed to  by  the  brethren ;  especially  as  regards  dress, 
which  will  consist  of  black  hat,  black  cravat,  dark 
clothing,  and  white  apron  and  gloves;  on  no  consid- 
eration can  brethren,  not  conforming  to  the  above,  be 
admitted  in  the  procession.  Canes,  unless  absolutely 
required,  will  be  excluded  from  the  line.  Officers  and 
members  will  appear  in  full  regalia,  with  banners.  An 
elegant  and  appropriate  badge  has  been  provided,  and 
will  be  ready  for  distribution  at  the  place  of  formation 
on  the  morning  of  the  seventeenth. 

Route  of  the  Procession.  From  Park  Street,  through 
Tremont,  Court,  and  Washington  Streets,  Dock  Square, 
Union,  Blackstone,  Commercial  and  South  Market 
Streets,  Merchants  Row,  State,  Washington  to  Dover, 
Tremont,  Charles  and  Beacon,  to  School  Street;  and 
the  grand  marshal  expects  every  brother  to  retain 
his  place  through  the  entire  route. 


70  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

It  is  hoped  that  the  fares  on  all  the  railroads  will 
be  reduced  one  half,  and  efforts  to  this  effect  are  now 
making. 

It  is  the  general  desire  to  render  this  occasion  one 
of  marked  and  peculiar  interest;  honorable  alike  to 
the  memory  of  Dr.  Franklin,  to  the  city  of  his  birth, 
and  to  the  fraternity  of  which  he  was  so  long  a  dis- 
tinguished member;  and  the  grand  master  hopes  to 
meet  every  lodge  in  the  state,  or  a  delegation  there- 
from, on  this  occasion. 

The  following  named  brethren  have  been  appointed 
assistant  grand  marshals,  and  will  be  respected  accord- 
ingly:— 

J.  E.  Cook,  William  E.  Graves, 

Benjamin  F.  Stevens,  A.  W.  Banfield, 

H.  T.  Woods,  C.  B.  Davenport, 

Richard  A.  Robertson,  William  H.  Sampson, 

Seth  W.  Fuller,  Charles  0.  Eaton, 

George  T.  Stoddard,  Richard  B.  Roberts, 

Gilbert  Atwood,  William  K.  Backall, 

John  D.  Parker,  James  L.  Hemmeon, 

H.  Rice,  John  A.  Drew,  Jr. 

Benjamin  French,  George  A.  Wadleigh. 

WILLIAM  D.  COOLIDGE,  Grand  Marshal 

In  describing  the  preliminary  arrangements  for  the 
inauguration,  it  only  remains  to  state  that  the  statue 


PRELIMINARY   ARRANGEMENTS.  71 

was  raised  and  placed  upon  its  pedestal  in  the  area 
in  front  of  the  City  Hall,  early  on  the  morning  of  Sat- 
urday, the  thirteenth  day  of  September,  where  it  was 
completely  concealed  from  view  by  an  ingenious  con- 
trivance, prepared  by  Mr.  Frederic  Mozart,  until  the 
signal  for  its  exposure  was  given  by  Hon.  Mr.  Win- 
throp,  the  orator  of  the  occasion. 

The  Public  Schools,  the  Public  Library,  and  all  the 
public  offices  of  the  City  were  directed  to  be  closed 
during  the  day  of  the  inauguration,  except  in  a  few 
instances  where  necessity  required  otherwise. 


DECOKATIONS 


DECOBATIONS. 


THE  morning  of  the  seventeenth  of  September  was 
ushered  in,  much  after  the  usual  manner  of  the  great 
holidays  of  Boston,  by  the  ringing  of  the  bells  of  the 
numerous  churches,  and  by  the  firing  of  cannon.  The 
day  itself  was  one  of  the  finest  of  the  season;  the 
weather  was  remarkably  pleasant,  and  the  clearness 
and  freshness  of  the  atmosphere,  with  a  proper  tem- 
perature, rendered  the  day  extremely  propitious  for 
the  parades  and  ceremonies  which  had  been  arranged 
for  the  inauguration  of  the  statue. 

As  was  expected  and  very  much  desired,  little  if 
any  business  was  transacted  in  the  city.  All  classes 
of  persons  had  apparently  determined  that  the  day 
should  be  a  holiday,  and  that  it  should  be  entirely 
given  up  to  pleasure,  and  the  enjoyment  of  every  kind 
of  rational  amusement. 

Probably,  at  no  time  was  there  a  greater  number 
of  persons  in  the  city.  Crowds  of  people  from  the 
neighboring  cities  and  towns,  and  many  from  places 
more  remote,  had  left  their  usual  avocations,  and  avail- 


/O  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

ing  themselves  of  the  great  facilities  of  travel  furnished 
by  the  railroads  and  omnibuses,  had  come  to  Boston, 
and  thronged  its  streets  with  multitudes.  It  may  not 
be  too  large  an  estimate  to  suppose  that  the  ordi- 
nary population  of  the  city  was  increased  threefold, 
and  that,  in  the  streets  alone,  the  number  of  persons 
assembled  to  witness  the  procession  and  ceremonies 
amounted  to  nearly  three  hundred  thousand  individ- 
uals. Never  were  the  sides  of  the  streets  more 
crowded  with  spectators,  nor  the  highways  more 
densely  thronged  with  those  who  were  preparing  to 
take  part  in  the  inaugural  procession  or  to  witness 
the  various  spectacles  of  the  day. 

There  were  seen  throughout  the  whole  city  —  in 
every  highway  and  byway  —  the  citizens  and  neigh- 
boring townsmen,  who  were  to  take  part  on  the  occa- 
sion, arrayed  in  holiday  attire  and  decked  with  the 
very  numerous  and  various  badges  and  insignia  of  the 
different  societies  and  associations  they  were  to  repre- 
sent in  the  grand  procession,  and  proceeding  to  their 
appointed  places  of  meeting.  Thousands  of  persons  — 
men,  women  and  children  —  of  every  rank  in  life,  and 
of  ah1  the  varied  occupations,  were  seen  hastening  to 
secure,  on  the  route  of  the  procession,  the  most  favorable 
look-outs  and  stand-points  for  beholding  the  anxiously 
expected  spectacle.  Bands  of  musicians  in  great  pro- 
fusion, soldiery  in  brilliant  uniforms,  the  masonic  bodies 
in  rich  and  gorgeous  regalia,  all  decorated  with  their 


DECORATIONS.  77 

peculiar  badges,  were  constantly  met,  preparing  for  the 
great  and  interesting  occasion.  Vehicles  of  all  sorts, 
public  and  private  conveyances,  and  temporary  car- 
riages and  wagons  for  the  various  branches  of  the 
mechanic  arts,  and  for  those  engaged  in  mercantile 
and  trading  pursuits  to  make  a  suitable  and  im- 
pressive display,  were  seen  passing  to  and  fro  in  the 
streets,  highly  and  appropriately  decorated,  to  the 
places  assigned  for  the  assembling  of  the  various  divis- 
ions of  the  vast  concourse  that  was  to  form  the  pro- 
cession. 

This  was  the  state  of  things  thoughout  the  whole 
city,  as  well  as  in  the  streets  through  which  the  pro- 
cession was  to  pass,  the  expressmen,  bakers,  milkmen 
and  provision  dealers,  with  their  vehicles,  hastening 
to  fully  accomplish  their  numerous  errands  before  the 
streets  should  be  cleared  by  the  police  and  closed  for 
the  convenience  and  safety  of  the  array. 

A  very  large  portion  of  the  stores  and  places  of 
business  were  closed  for  the  day,  business  being  gen- 
erally suspended  for  the  purpose  of  joining  in  the 
parades  and  ceremonies. 

The  shipping  in  the  harbor,  and  the  ferry  boats 
plying  between  the  city  and  East  Boston  and  Chelsea, 
were  gaily  decorated  with  national  flags  and  streamers 
and  with  private  ensigns  and  signals,  exhibiting  every 
evidence  of  a  great  gala  day. 


78  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 


DECORATIONS    ON    THE   ROUTE. 

The  route  in  which  the  procession  was  arranged  to 
pass  was,  by  estimation,  about  five  miles  in  length,  com- 
mencing at  the  head  of  the  Park  Street  Mall,  extending 
through  the  principal  streets  of  the  city,  especially 
those  known  as  having  some  eventful  connection  with 
the  life  and  occupation  of  Franklin  and  his  parents, 
and  terminating  in  School  Street,  in  front  of  the  area 
before  City  Hall,  the  spot  designed  for  the  permanent 
place  for  the  statue,  and  where  the  exercises  and  cere- 
monies of  inauguration  were  to  be  held. 

Many  of  the  decorations  of  the  buildings  —  public 
and  private  —  were  of  great  beauty.  All  were  ex- 
ceedingly appropriate,  and  attested  the  universal  ven- 
eration in  which  the  memory  of  the  great  philosopher, 
statesman  and  mechanic  is  held  by  the  residents  of 
the  place  of  his  birth  and  early  life.  Perhaps  the 
most  interesting  of  the  decorations  were  the  living 
masses  of  eager  spectators  which  filled  every  window, 
crowded  the  balconies,  covered  the  roofs,  and  thronged 
the  doorways  and  sidewalks,  forming  one  of  the  grand- 
est spectacles  ever  witnessed  in  Boston.  These  solid 
masses,  packed  throughout  the  whole  route,  preserved 
a  most  orderly  demeanor,  and  exhibited  everywhere 
the  marks  of  extreme  happiness  and  gratification,  and 
will  be  remembered  as  a  marked  feature  of  one  of 
Boston's  proudest  days. 


DECORATIONS.  79 

As  a  memorial  of  the  distinguished  event,  the  details 
of  many  of  the  decorations  and  displays  are  given 
below,  in  the  order  in  which  the  procession  moved. 
Those  supplied  by  the  Committee  of  Arrangements 
were  prepared  and  put  up  by  Messrs.  Lamprell  and 
Marble. 

Fremont  Street,  from  the  Masonic  Temple  to  Court  Square. 

The  Masonic  Temple,  a  portion  of  which  is  occupied 
as  the  salesroom  of  the  Messrs.  Checkering,  Piano-forte 
makers,  was  very  elegantly  draped  with  various  colored 
festoons,  and  with  national  flags  and  streamers.  Sur- 
rounded by  the  festoons  and  folds  were  displayed  a 
bust  of  Franklin,  and  masonic  emblems  —  the  square 
and  compasses. 

The  gateway  of  the  Granary  Burial  Ground,  the 
entrance  to  the  cemetery  where  the  parents  and  many 
of  the  relatives  of  Franklin  were  buried,  was  highly 
decorated  with  evergreens,  and  supported  the  follow- 
ing inscription:  — 

WITHIN  THIS  GRAVEYARD  LIE  BURIED  THE  PARENTS 
OF  BENJAMIN  FRANKLIN,  WHO  PLACED  A  MARBLE  SLAB 
OVER  THE  SPOT  WITH  AN  INSCRIPTION  WHICH  HAS 
BEEN  TRANSFERRED  TO  THE  MONUMENT  ERECTED  IN  1827. 

The  name  of  Franklin,  surrounded  by  a  wreath  of 
flowers,  was  suspended  beneath  the  above  inscription, 
in  a  very  effective  manner. 


80  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Within  the  enclosure  of  the  burial  ground  was  to  be 
seen  the  Franklin  monument,  also  decked  with  ever- 
greens. This  was  erected  in  the  year  1827  by  a  few 
citizens  of  Boston,  over  the  graves  of  Franklin's  father 
and  mother.  The  corner  stone  was  laid,  with  an  appro- 
priate address  and  becoming  ceremonies,  on  the  fif- 
teenth of  June,  in  the  presence  of  the  Governor  and 
Lieutenant  Governor  of  the  Commonwealth,  and  the 
officers  and  members  of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable 
Mechanic  Association,  by  Hon.  Charles  Wells.  The  mon- 
ument is  in  the  form  of  an  obelisk,  and  is  constructed 
of  five  massive  ashlers  of  Quincy  granite,  taken  from 
the  Bunker  Hill  monument  quarry.  Its  height  is 
twenty-one  feet,  standing  on  a  rectangular  base  meas- 
uring two  feet  in  height,  and  seven  feet  on  each  of 
the  four  sides.  On  one  side  of  the  obelisk  the  name 
of  Franklin  is  cut  in  bold  relief  in  large  letters,  and 
a  short  space  beneath  this  is  a  bronze  tablet,  about 
thirty-two  inches  long  and  sixteen  wide,  set  into  the 
stone,  and  containing,  in  the  following  words,  the  orig- 
inal inscription,  composed  by  Franklin,  with  an  addi- 
tional paragraph  by  the  liberal  citizens  who,  out  of 
profound  regard  and  veneration  for  the  memory  of 
the  illustrious  son,  and  desirous  of  reminding  succeed- 
ing generations  that  he  was  of  Boston  birth  and  origin, 
erected  the  obelisk  in  its  present  excellent  and  perma- 
nent form,  and  placed  beneath  it  the  original  tablet 
which  had  been  placed  there  in  filial  duty:- 


DECORATIONS.  81 

JOSIAH  FRANKLIN  AND  ABIAH  HIS  WIFE 

LIE  HERE  INTERRED. 
THEY  LIVED  LOVINGLY  TOGETHER  IN  WEDLOCK 

FIFTY-FIVE  YEARS; 

AND  WITHOUT  AN  ESTATE  OR  ANY  GAINFUL  EMPLOYMENT, 
BY  CONSTANT  LABOR,  AND  HONEST  INDUSTRY, 

(WITH  GOD'S  BLESSING,) 
MAINTAINED  A  LARGE  FAMILY  COMFORTABLY; 
AND  BROUGHT  UP  THIRTEEN  CHILDREN  AND  SEVEN  GRAND- 
CHILDREN REPUTABLY. 
FROM  THIS  INSTANCE,  READER, 
BE  ENCOURAGED  TO  DILIGENCE  IN  THY  CALLING, 

AND  DISTRUST  NOT  PROVIDENCE. 

HE  WAS  A  PIOUS  AND  PRUDENT  MAN, 

SHE  A  DISCREET  AND  VIRTUOUS  WOMAN. 

THEIR  YOUNGEST  SON, 

IN  FILIAL  REGARD  TO  THEIR  MEMORY, 

PLACES  THIS  STONE. 

J.  F.  BORN  1655 DIED  1744, M.  89. 

A.  F.  BORN  1667 DIED  1752, JE.  85. 


THE    ORIGINAL    INSCRIPTION 
HAVING    BEEN   NEARLY    OBLITERATED, 

A    NUMBER    OF    CITIZENS 
ERECTED    THIS    MONUMENT    AS    A    MARK    OF  RESPECT 

FOR    THE 

ILLUSTRIOUS    AUTHOR, 
MDCCCXXVII. 

In  front  of  the  hall  occupied  by  the  Independent 
Company  of  Cadets  were  festoons  tastily  arranged  with 

11 


82  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

various  colored  bunting,  and  across  the  street  was  sus- 
pended a  line  of  flags  bearing  the  inscriptions :  — 

MONSTRAT    VIAM 1741. 

INDEPENDENT   COMPANY   OF    CADETS. 

The  Tremont  House,  as  is  usual  on  all  public  occa- 
sions, was  tastefully  and  liberally  decorated,  producing 
an  excellent  effect.  A  large  gilded  eagle  was  perched 
upon  the  roof,  and  from  its  talons  depended  lines  of 
red  and  white  bunting  to  all  parts  of  the  portico, 
encircling  the  large  granite  columns.  The  windows 
throughout  the  whole  front  were  dressed  with  graceful 
festoons  of  the  same  material,  and  across  the  street  was 
a  row  of  small  flags,  each  bearing  one  letter  of  the 
name,  "Franklin." 

On  the  west  side  of  Tremont  Street,  extend- 
ing from  Beacon  Street  to  the  entrance  to  Pember- 
ton  Square,  the  awnings  and  balconies  of  the  stores 
were  very  handsomely  decorated  with  white  and  red 
festoons. 

The  imposing  front  of  the  Boston  Museum  was 
highly  ornamented  by  the  enterprising  proprietor  with 
a  large  number  of  flags  of  many  nations,  making  an 
admirable  display.  Along  the  entire  front  of  one  of 
the  balconies  was  the  following  inscription  :  — 

"HE   SNATCHED   ALIKE   THE   LIGHTNING   FROM   THE  HEAVENS,  AND 
THE    SCEPTRE    FROM   THE    HANDS    OF    TYRANTS." 


DECORATIONS.  83 

The  building  occupied  by  Drs.  Cummings  and  Flagg, 
dentists,  and  Mr.  Thomas  Restieaux,  apothecary,  oppo- 
site the  Museum,  was  also  adorned  with  folds  of  colored 
cloth,  and  a  picture  representing  Franklin  at  the  court 
of  France.  The  fronts  of  several  other  stores  in  this 
street  were  similarly  draped. 

Court  Street,  to   Washington  Street. 

The  easterly  end  of  Scollay's  Building,  facing  Court 
Square,  was  very  appropriately  decorated  by  Messrs. 
Alonzo  V.  Lynde,  Stephen  R.  Niles  and  V.  B.  Palmer, 
occupants  of  the  building.  Lines  of  bunting  were 
hung  from  a  neat  shield  placed  upon  the  roof,  and 
were  formed  into  graceful  curves  and  secured  to  the 
balustrade,  upon  which  was  erected  an  elegantly  deco- 
rated arch,  bearing  the  motto  — 

ERIPUIT    CCELO    FULMEN,   GCEPTRUMQUE   TYRANNIS. 

Within  the  arch  was  a  bust  of  Franklin,  and  on  the 
front  of  the  balustrade  the  following  inscription,  taken 
from  the  quaint  sayings  in  Poor  Richard's  Almanac :  — 

HE   THAT    HATH    A    TRADE   HATH   AN   ESTATE;    AND  HE 

THAT   HATH    A    CALLING    HATH   AN    OFFICE    OF   PROFIT 

AND    HONOR. Franklin. 

The  building  on  the  east  corner  of  Franklin  Avenue 
was  decorated  by  the  Committee  of  Arrangements. 


84  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

From  the  roof  to  the  first  story  were  hung  heavy  folds 
of  red  and  white  bunting,  in  a  pyramidal  form,  and 
upon  the  front  was  the  following  inscription :  — 

BENJAMIN   FRANKLIN,    WHEN   HE   WAS    TWELVE   YEARS 

OLD,  WAS  APPRENTICED  AS  A  PRINTER  TO  HIS  BROTHER 

JAMES,  WHOSE   OFFICE   WAS    ON    THIS    SPOT. 

The  awning  of  Messrs.  Klous  &  Go's  store,  in  this 
building,  was  neatly  festooned,  and  a  line  of  flags  was 
stretched  across  the  street,  making  a  very  neat  and 
handsome  appearance. 

The  paper-hanging  establishment  of  Messrs.  Samuel 
H.  Gregory  &  Co,,  No.  25  Court  Street,  was  very  taste- 
fully dressed  with  festoons  of  blue  and  white  cloth, 
adding  much  to  the  elegance  of  the  ornamentation  in 
this  street 

Washington  Street,  belotv  State  Street, 

The  west  end  of  the  Old  State  House,  on  Wash- 
ington Street,  was  elegantly  ornamented  with  drapery 
of  various  colors,  and  with  flags.  Lines  of  red,  blue 
and  white  bunting,  in  profusion,  reached  from  the 
roof  to  the  balustrade  over  the  store  occupied  by 
Messrs.  Charles  A.  Smith  &  Co.,  and  upon  this,  in 
prominent  letters,  was  presented  the  following:  — 

FIRST   SETTLEMENT  OF  BOSTON,  SEPTEMBER   17TH,  1630. 


DECORATIONS.  85 

On  a  line  extending  from  this  ancient  building 
to  points  on  the  opposite  side  of  Washington  Street, 
were  two  flags,  bearing  between  them  the  subjoined 
inscription :  — 

THE     OPINION     OF     BENJAMIN     FRANKLIN     IN     1754  : 

"THE  UNITY  OF  THE  COLONIES  is  ABSOLUTELY  NECESSARY 

TO    THEIR  PRESERVATION." 

On  the  reverse  was  the  following:  — 

HIS  MOTTO:  "JOIN  OR  DIE." 
FRANKLIN 1754. 

Messrs.  Crocker  &  Brewster,  at  No.  47  Washington 
Street,  presented  a  very  fine  and  judicious  display  of 
decorations,  of  which  the  chief  feature  was  a  line  of 
flags  extended  across  the  street,  bearing  the  subjoined 
inscriptions :  — 

BENJAMIN  FRANKLIN PRINTER,  PHILOSOPHER,  PATRIOT 

AND    STATESMAN. 

HE   THAT    HATH    A    TRADE   HATH    AN    ESTATE. 

LET    HONESTY    AND    INDUSTRY  BE  THY   CONSTANT   COM- 
PANIONS. 

Messrs.  J.  &  W.  W.  Koss,  at  No.  42  of  the  same 
street,  exhibited  graceful  festoons  of  white  and  red 
cloth  upon  the  awning  in  front  of  their  tailoring  estab- 
lishment. 


86  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Dock  Square. 

The  fronts  of  the  stores  occupied  by  Messrs.  Ezekiel 
Pittman  and  Charles  B.  Mosely,  in  Dock  Square,  were 
festooned  with  draping  of  various  colors  in  a  very 
handsome  manner,  an  heraldic  shield,  bearing  the  name 
of  Franklin,  forming  the  centre  of  the  decorations. 

The  building  occupied  for  the  furniture  establish- 
ment of  Mr.  Aaron  H.  Allen,  and  the  hardware  store 
of  Messrs.  Joseph  West  and  William  Parkman,  was 
neatly  trimmed  with  rich  damask  cloth. 

Messrs.  Keith  &  Thornton,  at  their  clothing  ware- 
house, at  Nos.  29  and  30,  made  a  very  beautiful 
display  of  red,  white  and  blue  streamers,  falling 
gracefully  from  a  large  spread  eagle  at  the  top  of 
the  building.  They  likewise  covered  the  entire  front 
of  their  store  with  patriotic  emblems. 

The  shop  of  Mr.  Henry  Fowle,  at  No.  15,  was  also 
very  appropriately  adorned. 

The  clothing  establishment  of  Messrs.  John  W. 
Smith  &  Co.  was  elegantly  wreathed  with  colored 
bunting,  and  a  large  paper  kite  disposed  in  the  centre 
recalled  to  the  mind  of  the  spectators  one  of  the 
characteristic  experiments  of  Franklin,  in  which  he 
demonstrated  his  remarkable  discovery  of  the  identity 
of  the  electricity  of  the  skies  with  that  induced  by 
means  of  electrical  apparatus,  and  led  to  his  subse- 
quent invention  of  lightning-rods. 


DECORATIONS.  87 

Union  Street. 

Messrs.  Jones,  Carpenter  &  Co.,  at  Nos.  11  and  13 
Union  Street,  made  a  rich  display  of  flags  and  festoons 
of  bunting  on  the  front  of  their  store,  and  also  across 
the  street 

The  crockery  ware  establishment  of  Messrs.  Wil- 
liam F.  Homer  &  Co.,  and  the  hardware  store  of 
Messrs.  Dalton  and  Ingersoll,  were  decked  with  flags 
and  streamers,  some  of  which  were  extended  across 
the  street.  The  name  tt  Franklin "  surrounded  by  a 
garland  of  oak  leaves,  was  prominently  displayed 
upon  one  of  the  large  flags. 

The  stores  of  Messrs.  Thomas  Hollis,  apothecary, 
William  H.  Barnes,  hardware  dealer,  and  Messrs.  Wil- 
liams &  Morandi,  tin  ware  manufacturers,  were  highly 
ornamented  with  flags. 

In  a  side  street,  formerly  known  as  Marshall's  Lane, 
was  to  be  seen  the  famous  Boston  Stone,  apparently 
composed  of  two  parts,  one,  a  large  globular  stone, 
resting  upon  the  other,  a  square  block. 

The  armory  of  the  Independent  Boston  Fusileers 
was  distinguished  by  the  display  of  a  very  large 
national  flag. 

The  old  building  standing  at  the  corner  of  Union 
and  Hanover  Streets,  formerly  owned  and  occupied  by 
the  father  of  Franklin,  and  now  occupied  by  Mr.  Al- 
exander Wood,  presented  a  very  showy  appearance. 


From  the  corner  was  suspended  on  an  iron  crane,  as 
in  the  days  of  the  Franklins,  the  original  ball  that  was 
used  as  a  sign  at  the  Milk  Street  house,  upon  which 
was  perceptible  the  following  name  and  date:  — 

JOSIAS 

1698.  1698. 

FRANKLIN. 

The  building  was  decorated  with  bunting  of  various 
colors,  under  the  direction  of  the  Committee  of  Ar- 
rangements, and  bore  a  tablet  upon  which  was  printed 
in  large  letters, 

THE  FATHER  OF  BENJAMIN  FRANKLIN  REMOVED  FROM 
MILK  STREET  TO  THIS  SPOT  SHORTLY  AFTER  BENJA- 
MIN WAS  BORN.  HERE  HE  WORKED  FOR  A  SHORT 
TIME  IN  HIS  BOYHOOD  AT  THE  TRADE  OF  A  SOAP 
BOILER  AND  TALLOW  CHANDLER,  WITH  HIS  FATHER. 

Crossing  Hanover  Street,  and  continuing  in  Union 
Street,  the  buildings  occupied  by  Messrs.  Edward  P.  & 
Dwight  Smith,  wooden  ware  dealers,  Orrin  Day,  stove 
dealer,  Asahel  Wheeler  &  Co.,  dealers  in  artists'  mate- 
rials, Daniel  W.  Gardner,  dealer  in  burning  fluid  and 
lamps,  Samuel  Dale,  clothier,  and  D.  C.  Tolman  &  Co., 
were  very  elegantly  adorned  with  folds  and  festoons  of 
various  colored  bunting,  reaching  from  the  roofs  to  the 
awnings,  and  exhibiting  a  very  beautiful  appearance. 

The  residence  of  Mr.  Nathaniel  No  well,  at  No.  92, 
was  neatly  dressed,  as  was  also  the  building  of  Mr. 
Gassett 


DECORATIONS.  89 

The  large  building,  erected  on  the  site  of  the  old 
Green  Dragon  Tavern,  on  the  estate  which  has  been 
the  property  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  of  Freemasons  for 
nearly  a  century,  and  which  is  noted  for  its  connection 
with  many  of  the  patriotic  proceedings  in  the  days 
of  the  revolutionary  struggles  of  the  country,  besides 
its  other  decorations,  was  distinguished  by  a  large  sand- 
stone tablet,  upon  which  is  magnificently  sculptured, 
in  very  high  relief,  a  representation  of  a  dragon.  This 
emblem,  designed  to  perpetuate  in  some  degree  the 
memory  of  the  renowned  hall  in  which  Joseph  Warren, 
Samuel  and  John  Adams,  John  Hancock,  Paul  Revere, 
and  the  principal  patriots  of  the  American  Revolution 
used  to  meet,  and  also  to  designate  the  Masons'  Hall 
of  by-gone  days,  was  inserted  in  the  walls  of  the 
present  building,  on  the  first  of  November,  1855,  by 
the  lodge,  under  the  instrumentality  of  the  late  John 
Rayner,  Esq. 

In  this  portion  of  the  route  of  the  procession  many 
temporary  balconies  for  spectators  were  erected,  and 
tastefully  decorated.  These  were  generally  occupied 
by  young  women  and  girls,  dressed  in  white,  and 
decked  with  colored  ribbons,  producing  a  very  pleasing 
effect,  and,  evidently,  eliciting  the  approbation  of  those 
who  composed  the  procession,  if  the  shouts  of  the 
passers-by  can  be  taken  as  a  criterion. 

The  number  of  persons  who  were  collected  in  the 
street  at  this  point  of  the  route  was  very  great. 


90 


Hat/market  Square. 

The  furniture  warehouse  of  Messrs.  James  H.  Beal 
&  Brother,  Nos.  3  and  4  Holmes's  Block,  in  Haymarket 
Square,  and  the  carpet  establishment  of  Messrs.  Strout 
&  Bradford,  Nos.  1  and  2  of  the  same  block,  made  a 
very  fine  show;  the  whole  front  being  handsomely 
trimmed  with  bunting,  in  tasty  festoons.  On  a  line 
running  from  these  stores  to  the  clock  manufactory 
of  Messrs.  J.  J.  Beals  &  Co.  was  suspended  a  beautiful 
large  American  flag. 

In  front  of  the  Boston  and  Maine  railroad  station 
were  displayed  two  magnificent  national  flags,  almost 
covering  the  entire  front  of  the  building,  and  so 
arranged  that  the  stars  of  the  two  commingled  in  a 
large  and  very  beautiful  constellation.  Besides  these, 
there  were  others  of  smaller  size. 

At  this  point  of  the  route  the  procession  turned 
around  the  iron  enclosure  containing  the  fountain  and 
hydrant,  and  countermarching  a  short  space,  passed 
into  the  next  street,  which  runs  very  nearly  parallel 
to  the  northerly  portion  of  Union  Street. 

BlacJcstone  Street. 

This  Street,  laid  out  soon  after  the  adoption  of  the 
city  charter  by  filling  up  the  ancient  canal,  once  the 
Mill  Creek,  which  formerly  traversed  the  town,  sepa- 
rating the  «  North  end,"  so  called,  from  the  remaining 


DECORATIONS.  91 

part  of  the  town,  was  in  many  places  tastefully  deco- 
rated, and  presented  very  much  the  same  appearance 
as  the  portion  of  Union  Street  which  was  arranged 
with  temporary  balconies. 

The  shop  of  Mr.  Henry  Cabot  was  well  adorned 
with  flags. 

At  Nos.  134  and  136,  the  whole  of  the  building 
occupied  by  Messrs.  Henry  W.  Jenkins  &  Co.,  and  Wil- 
liam B.  Merrill  &  Co.,  as  stores,  presented  an  elegant 
appearance,  being  tastefully  hung  and  decorated  with 
cloths  of  various  colors. 

At  the  corner  of  Hanover  Street  the  store  of  Mr. 
J.  L.  Goldthwait  was  tastefully  decorated ;  several 
streamers  being  drawn  together  at  the  top  of  the 
building,  and  the  whole  surmounted  with  a  statuette 
of  Franklin. 

The  carpet  store  of  Mr.  W.  P.  B.  Brooks  was  beau- 
tifully arrayed  with  various  colored  carpetings,  hung 
in  graceful  festoons. 

Messrs.  Barnes,  Jennings  &  Co.,  furniture  dealers, 
also  decorated  their  warerooms,  and  gave  a  very  pleas- 
ant appearance  to  the  front  of  their  building,  by  a 
projecting  platform  well  filled  with  spectators. 

Messrs.  B.  W.  Dunklee  &  Co.,  dealers  in  furnaces, 
stoves  and  ranges,  displayed  a  flag  bearing  the  motto — 

INDUSTRY   AND    FRUGALITY. 
FRANKLIN. 


92  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

The  stove  and  furnace  warehouse  of  Messrs.  Chilson, 
Eichardson  &  Co.,  with  the  usual  display  of  streamers 
had  also  the  very  appropriate  motto: 

BENJAMIN   FRANKLIN    ORIGINATED    THE   FRANKLIN    STOVE. 

The  premises  occupied  by  Mr.  John  G.  Copp,  at 
No.  142,  was  neatly  hung  with  festoons  of  red,  white 
and  blue  cloth. 

The  agricultural  warehouse  of  Messrs.  Parker,  White 
&  Gannett,  on  the  corner  of  Blackstone  and  North 
Streets  was  entirely  covered  with  bunting,  of  various 
colors,  neatly  and  tastily  arranged,  and  a  fine  array 
of  flags  reached  from  the  building  to  the  opposite 
side  of  the  street. 

The  New  England  House,  at  the  corner  of  Black- 
stone  and  Clinton  Streets,  was  very  neatly  dressed 
with  flags  and  bunting. 

Many  other  buildings  in  the  street  exhibited  dis- 
plays of  flags  and  ship  signals. 

Clinton  Street. 

In  this  street  the  principal  show  was  made  by 
Mr.  P.  Frederic  Williston,  tailor,  at  No.  4.  The  store 
was  freely  and  judiciously  festooned  with  bunting  of 
the  national  colors,  and  a  line  of  American  and 
Swedish  flags  was  strung  across  the  street,  A  picture 
of  Franklin  prettily  draped,  and  the  model  of  a  ship 
in  miniature,  were  placed  over  the  door.  The  effect 


DECORATIONS.  93 

which  the  decorations  on  this  building  produced  was 
very  pleasing,  and  elicited  much  attention  from  those 
who  passed  on  the  route. 

From  the  upper  story  of  the  store  occupied  by 
Mr.  C.  Allen  Browne,  druggist,  and  others,  on  the  cor- 
ner of  the  street,  flags  and  streamers  in  great  profusion 
were  extended  across  to  the  opposite  corner.  The 
windows  of  this  building  were  densely  thronged  with 
ladies  who,  from  their  waving  flags  and  handkerchiefs, 
attracted  particular  notice  from  the  persons  in  the 
procession,  especially  from  the  gallant  students  of 
Harvard  College. 

Commercial  Street. 

The  store  of  Messrs.  Whitons,  Browne  &  Wheel- 
wright, No.  23,  was  gaily  decked  with  festoons .  of 
various  colored  bunting. 

The  building  occupied  by  Messrs.  W.  R.  Lovejoy  & 
Co.,  exhibited  a  very  handsome  show  of  bunting,  and 
a  marine  picture  with  a  sailor  in  the  background. 
The  effect  was  pleasing. 

Messrs.  Blanchard  &  Brother  displayed  a  beautiful 
wreath  surrounding  the  name  of  Franklin. 

The  Boston  Corn  Exchange  had  various  appropriate 
decorations.  Flour  barrels  and  corn  and  rye  sheaves 
filled  many  of  the  windows.  From  a  large  gilded 
eagle  on  the  front  hung  graceful  folds  of  flags  and 
naval  ensigns,  exhibiting  stars  and  stripes  in  great 


94  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

number,  and  very  prominently  was  one  of  Franklin's 
sayings :  — 

"IT  IS  HARD  FOR  AN  EMPTY  SACK  TO  STAND  UPRIGHT." 

The  agricultural  warehouse  of  Messrs.  Gilbert  Nourse 
&  Co.,  in  the  same  block  made  a  very  good  show,  being 
well  decorated  with  cloth  of  various  colors  arranged 
in  festoons  and  streamers  from  the  large  eagle  that 
formed  part  of  their  sign. 

South  MarJcet  Street. 

The  whole  range  of  stores  on  this  street  displayed 
groupings  of  bunting,  neatly  arranged,  and  interspersed 
with  numerous  large  and  handsome  national  flags.  The 
sail  loft  of  Mr.  E.  M.  Yale  was  particularly  deserving 
of  notice,  for  the  great  variety  of  flags  with  which  it 
was  decorated. 

Across  the  eastern  end  of  the  street,  where  the 
procession  entered,  a  line  of  national  flags  was  stretched, 
another  midway  of  the  street,  and  a  third  at  the  head 
of  the  street.  On  the  stores  of  the  southern  side  a 
line  of  festoons  extended  along  the  upper  windows, 
from  Commercial  Street  to  Merchants  Row,  presenting 
a  very  tasteful  appearance. 

Mr.  George  W.  Torrey,  at  No.  25,  displayed  from 
his  store  an  original  portrait  of  Franklin,  said  to  have 
been  taken  when  he  was  about  forty  years  of  age. 


DECORATIONS.  95 

The  picture  is  the  property  of  the  Boston  Independent 
Fusileers. 

Merchants  Row. 

The  Market  house  and  Faneuil  Hall,  connected  by  a 
suspension  bridge,  and  in  which  was  held  the  eighth 
triennial  fair  of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic 
Association,  were  both  decorated  in  a  highly  pleasing 
and  ornamental  manner. 

The  extensive  building  occupied  by  Messrs.  John 
Gove  &  Co.,  as  a  clothing  warehouse,  was  in  each 
story  elegantly  decorated,  and  the  appearance  of  the 
whole  was  very  neat  and  tasteful. 

The  large  building  situated  at  the  corner  of  State 
Street  was  extremely  well  arrayed  with  colors  and 
streamers,  by  persons  who  occupied  it. 

From  Merchants  Row,  the  procession,  turning  the 
corner,  entered 

State  Street. 

Across  this  street,  from  the  new  and  magnificent 
store  of  Messrs.  Thomas  Groom  &  Co.,  stationers,  in 
India  Building,  were  suspended  two  very  beautiful 
British  ensigns. 

Messrs.  Naylor  &  Co.,  at  No.  80,  exhibited  a  line  of 
flags,  American  and  Norwegian,  making  a  fine  show. 

The  Bank  of  Commerce  displayed  a  large  American 
flag,  adding  much  to  the  effect  produced  by  the  other 
decorations  of  the  neighboring  buildings. 


96 

Several  other  buildings  fronting  on  the  street  were 
ornamented  with  bunting  and  busts  of  Franklin  vari- 
ously disposed,  and  others  displayed  the  national  flag. 

The  building  at  the  corner  of  Congress  Street,  occu- 
pied as  the  printing  and  publishing  office  of  the  Boston 
Evening  Traveller  was  decorated,  exhibiting  a  large 
and  elegant  American  flag. 

Messrs.  Kinsley  &  Co.,  at  their  express  office,  had 
a  bountiful  display  of  bunting  hanging  gracefully  from 
the  top  of  the  building.  Two  flags  bore  the  inscrip- 
tions —  one  "  Bay  State,"  the  other  "  Empire  State." 

The  store  of  Messrs.  Brown  &  Burditt,  in  the  Old 
State  House  was  liberally  decorated  with  American 
flags  and  banners,  as  was,  also,  the  whole  building 
generally. 

The  printing  and  publishing  house  of  the  Bee,  oppo- 
site the  Old  State  House,  was  heavily  draped  with 
bunting  and  flags  and  otherwise  ornamented  with 
streamers  of  various  colors,  making  a  very  handsome 
show.  The  other  newspaper  offices  in  the  vicinity 
of  the  street,  especially  those  of  the  Atlas,  Journal, 
Times,  and  Chronicle,  were  handsomely  dressed  with 
American  flags. 

Washington  Street,  from  State  to  Milk  Street. 

On  turning  the  corner  from  State  Street,  proceed- 
ing through  Washington  Street,  the  display  was  very 
imposing;  and  the  general  view  from  the  point  of 


DECORATIONS.  97 

entrance  which  extended  into  the  several  streets  radi 
ating  from  the  Old  State  House,  was  very  fine  and 
effective. 

The  building  occupied  by  Messrs.  Lincoln  &  Foss, 
Sylvester  T.  Crosby,  and  others,  on  the  corner  of  Court 
Street,  appeared  handsomely,  and  added  much  to  the 
general  effect. 

Messrs.  Lane  &  Wheeler,  stationers,  at  Nos.  72  and 
74,  made  a  fine  display  of  festoons  and  streamers,  and 
presented  to  view,  in  a  neat  manner,  a  picture  of 
Franklin  at  the  court  of  France. 

The  store  of  Messrs.  Macomber  &  Co.,  at  No.  87 
was  neatly  arrayed  with  bunting,  of  the  prevailing 
colors. 

Mr.  Gordon  Forrest,  ornamental  printer,  displayed 
decorations  of  an  unique  design.  The  upper  part  pre- 
sented an  American  shield,  with  a  representation  of  a 
key  upon  one  side,  and  a  kite  on  the  other.  Beneath 
was  the  inscription : 

BOSTON    BOY. 

SOME    WRITE    IN    BLOOD    A    NAME, 

WHICH    FAME   IS    EVER    BRIGHTENING; 

BUT    FRANKLIN   HAD    A    HEAVENLY    AIM, 

AND    WROTE    HIS    NAME    WITH    LIGHTNING. 

Under  this  inscription  was  a  bust  of  Franklin. 

The  store  occupied  by  Mr.  Joseph  L.  Bates,  dealer 
in  umbrellas  and  fancy  goods,  was  highly  decorated, 

13 


98  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

and  presented  a  beautiful  appearance ;  the  various  col- 
ored bunting  and  flags  being  arranged  with  much 
neatness  and  in  excellent  taste. 

Messrs.  Adams  &  Co.,  from  their  express  office,  dis- 
played lines  of  flags,  and  Mr.  George  Nichols  and 
Messrs.  Whipple  &  Black  exhibited  very  bountifully 
various  colored  bunting  disposed  about  the  windows 
of  their  building  in  graceful  festoons,  besides  several 
large  flags. 

Messrs.  A.  Williams  &  Co.,  booksellers,  at  No.  100, 
presented  handsome  trimmings  of  red,  white,  and  blue 
bunting,  arranged  in  folds  and  streamers,  and  the  fol- 
lowing quotation. 

"  HE    WAS    AN    HONOR,    NOT    ONLY     TO     HIS    NATION, 
BUT   TO    HUMAN   NATURE." Lord  Chatham. 

The  entrance  to  Spring  Lane,  between  the  building 
occupied  by  Mr.  J.  S.  Potter,  decorative  printer,  and 
that  of  Messrs.  James  Munroe  &  Co.,  and  Josiah  F. 
Bumstead  &  Co.,  was  distinguished  by  an  eagle  and 
two  large  American  flags,  and  the  lane  was  almost 
entirely  covered  with  streamers  and  bunting,  reaching 
down  to  the  dining  saloon  of  Messrs.  Jameson  &  Val- 
entine. 

The  building  occupied  by  Mr.  John  Earle,  Jr.  and 
by  Comer's  Commercial  College,  at  the  corner  of  School 
Street,  in  addition  to  the  American  flags,  and  various 
other  decorations,  had,  in  prominent  letters,  the  fol- 


DECORATIONS.  99 

lowing  inscription,  taken  from  the  sayings  of  Franklin, 
in  "Poor  Richard." 

DILIGENCE   IS    THE   MOTHER    OF    GOOD    LUCK. 

In  the  same  street,  between  Milk  and  Franklin 
Streets,  through  which  the  procession  did  not  pass  in 
its  course,  were  several  decorations. 

K 

Mr.  John  D.  G.  Burdett,  at  his  hat  store,  made  a 
very  imposing  show  of  bunting. 

The  entrance  to  Ordway  Hall,  once  the  Province 
House,  nearly  fronting  Milk  Street,  was  decorated  with 
flags,  and  a  portrait  of  Franklin. 

Milk  Street. 

On  entering  this  street  from  Washington  Street  the 
first  objects  of  show  which  met  the  eye  were  upon 
the  building  occupied  by  Messrs.  Widdifield  &  Co., 
opticians,  and  Messrs.  Currier  &  Trott,  dealers  in  jew- 
elry, watches  and  silver  ware.  The  whole  building 
was  handsomely  hung  with  festoons  of  colored  cloth, 
and  exhibited  the  following  inscription :  — 

WE   RAISE  A   STATUE   TO   THE   SAGE 

WHOSE   WISDOM    LIVES    THROUGH    EVrERY    AGE. 

A  large  paper  kite,  significant  of  the  great  philoso- 
pher's celebrated  electrical  experiment,  was  also  sus- 
pended from  the  building. 


100  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

From  the  Excelsior  printing  establishment,  in  this 
neighborhood,  were  displayed  very  neat  devices,  among 
which  was  a  well-proportioned  shield,  with  the  words, 

"OUR  BEN." 

On  the  Old  South  Church,  forming  one  of  the  cor- 
ners of  the  street,  was  presented  on  a  tablet  the  fol- 
lowing reminiscence :  — 

BENJAMIN    FRANKLIN    WAS     BAPTIZED     IN     THIS 

CHURCH    ON   THE    17TH    OF   JANUARY,    1706,    THE 

REV.    DR.   WILLARD    BEING    THE    PASTOR. 

From  this  point  of  view  the  street  presented  a 
magnificent  appearance.  The  whole  portion  of  the 
street  through  which  the  procession  was  indicated  to 
pass  was  most  elegantly  and  richly  dressed  with  flags, 
streamers  and  bunting  in  the  most  profuse  abundance. 
The  eye  was  nearly  bewildered  by  the  beautiful  effect 
produced  by  the  almost  numberless  lines  of  variegated 
cloths  and  bunting  which  were  employed  to  give  effect 
to  the  scene,  and  which  seemed  to  fill  the  street  like 
a  cloud.  Never  before  was  the  appearance  of  this  old 
street  so  transformed  by  holiday  shows  and  dressing. 
The  elegant  display,  the  elaborate  work  of  Col.  Wil- 
liam Beals,  won  the  admiration  and  approval  of  all 
beholders. 

Extending  across  the  street  was  a  beautiful  arch, 
surmounted  with  a  large  American  eagle,  holding  a 

o  o  o 


DECORATIONS.  101 

large  bouquet  of  natural  flowers  in  its  beak,  and 
surrounded  by  a  galaxy  of  national  flags.  Beneath 
the  eagle  was  shown  a  fine  bust  of  the  renowned 
philosopher,  and  on  both  sides  were  ample  folds  of 
cloth,  of  various  colors,  hanging  in  graceful  form,  and 
making  a  beautiful  arch  over  the  route  of  the  pro- 
cession. 

Unquestionably,  the  most  tasteful  and  elegant  deco- 
ration anywhere  to  be  seen  on  the  route  was  the 
elaborate  and  artistic  display  made  by  Messrs.  Ordway,. 
Bradish  &  Co.,  and  Messrs.  Mason  &  Lawrence,  at 
Nos.  15  and  17  of  this  street,  on  the  tall  granite 
building  which  bears,  in  solid  stone,  the  inscription, 

ft 

BIRTHPLACE    OF    FRANKLIN. 

Upon  the  sidewalk  was  erected,  at  much  cost,  a  gor- 
geous canopy  of  rich  red  velvet,  brilliantly  ornamented 
with  tassels  and  silver  stars.  Protected  by  this  canopy 
was  a  large  and  excellent  bust  of  Franklin.  An  ele- 
gantly ornamented  arch,  supported  upon  two  columns 
draped  with  colored  bunting  and  surmounted  by  an 
immense  star,  surrounded  the  above  design.  On  the 
curve  of  the  arch  were  the  following  words,  neatly 
executed  in  golden  letters:  — 

HE  TOOK  THE  LIGHTNING  FROM  THE  HEAVEN. 

Within  the  arch  was  an  admirable  painting  of  the  old 


102  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

house  wherein  the  parents  of  Franklin  lived  several 
years,  and  in  which  many  authorities  declare  that 
Franklin  was  born.  Upon  this  painting  was  inscribed, 

THE   HOUSE   WHERE   FRANKLIN    WAS    BORN. 

In  front  of  the  picture  was  an  urn  trimmed  with  ever- 
green, and  beneath  the  arch  the  inscription, 

BENJAMIN    FRANKLIN    WAS    BORN    ON    THIS    SPOT 
ON    SUNDAY,   THE    17TH    OF    JANUARY,    A.D.    1700. 

Above  all,  and  completing  the  decoration,  were  festoons 
of  bunting  and  flags,  and  a  gilt  eagle. 

Without  discussing  the  question  as  to  whether 
Franklin  was  born  in  the  Milk  Street  house,  or  in 
some  other,  a  description  of  the  humble  dwelling 
which  for  many  years  has  enjoyed  that  distinction 
among  men  of  competent  knowledge  and  judgment, 
will  not  be  inappropriate  in  this  connection. 

After  leaving  Washington  Street,  and  proceeding 
a  short  distance  into  Milk  Street,  on  the  right  hand, 
or  southerly,  side,  will  be  noticed  a  lofty  warehouse, 
built  of  granite  in  a  durable  form  and  manner,  and 
bearing,  in  raised  letters  beneath  its  cornice,  "Birth- 
place of  Franklin."  This  building  occupies  the  site  of 
the  old  wooden  house  which  tradition,  supported  by 
good  testimony,  asserts  to  be  that  in  which  Boston's 
most  distinguished  son  was  born,  on  the  sixth  of 


DECORATIONS.  103 

January,  1705-6,  according  to  the  old  style  of  reck- 
oning time,  as  entered  in  the  town  book  of  the 
records  of  births.  The  main  house  resembled  in  form 
many  of  the  tenements  of  the  olden  time  which  have 
been  preserved  till  now.  Its  front  upon  the  street 
was  rudely  clapboarded,  and  the  sides  and  rear  were 
protected  from  the  inclemencies  of  a  New  England 
climate  by  large  rough  shingles.  On  the  street  it 
measured  about  twenty  feet;  and  on  the  sides,  (the 
westerly  of  which  was  bounded  by  the  passageway 
and  contained  the  doorway,  approached  by  two  steps,) 
the  extreme  length  of  the  building,  including  a  wooden 
leanto  used  as  a  kitchen,  was  about  thirty  feet  In 
height  the  house  was  three  stories,  the  upper  being 
an  attic,  which  presented  a  pointed  gable  towards  the 
street.  In  front,  the  second  story  and  attic  projected 
somewhat  into  the  street  over  the  principal  story  on 
the  ground  floor. 

On  the  lower  floor  of  the  main  house  there  was 
one  room  only.  This,  which  probably  served  the  Frank- 
lins as  a  parlor  and  sitting-room,  and  also  for  the  family 
eating-room,  was  about  twenty  feet  square,  and  had 
two  windows  upon  the  street ;  and  it  had,  also,  one  upon 
the  passage-way,  so  near  the  corner  as  to  give  the  in- 
mates a  good  view  of  Washington  Street,  from  which 
an  aged  lady,  now  living,  remembers  well  to  have 
seen  Washington  pass  through  that  street  in  his  last 
visit  to  the  town.  Besides  these  windows  there  had 


104  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

been  others  in  the  days  of  its  early  proprietors  which 
opened  upon  the  easterly  side  of  the  house,  the  seats 
of  which  were  retained  until  the  destruction  of  the 
building.  In  the  centre  of  the  southerly  side  of  the 
room  was  one  of  those  noted  large  fireplaces,  situated 
in  a  most  capacious  chimney,  which  are  so  well  remem- 
bered as  among  the  comforts  of  old  houses;  on  the 
left  of  this  was  a  spacious  closet,  and  on  the  right 
the  door,  communicating  with  a  small  entry  in  which 
were  the  stairs  to  the  rooms  above  and  to  the  cellar, 
the  latter  of  which  was  accessible  to  the  street  through 
one  of  the  old-fashioned  cellar  doors,  situated  partly  in 
the  sidewalk. 

On  the  ground  floor,  connecting  with  the  sitting- 
room  through  the  entry,  was  situated  the  kitchen,  in 
a  tenfoot  addition  to  the  rear  part  of  the  main  build- 
ing. The  only  windows  from  this  part  of  the  house 
looked  back  upon  a  vacant  lot  of  land  in  the  extreme 
rear  of  the  lot  which  served  as  a  yard  and  garden  plat. 

The  second  story  originally  contained  but  one  cham- 
ber, and  in  this  the  windows,  door,  fireplace  and  closet, 
were  similar  in  number  and  position  to  those  in  the 
parlor  beneath  it.  Some  of  the  later  tenants  divided 
this  room  by  a  wooden  partition,  forming  a  small  bed- 
room of  the  westerly  portion,  which  received  light  only 
through  the  side  window  facing  Washington  Street. 

The  attic  was  also,  originally,  one  unplastered  room, 
and  had  a  window  in  front  on  the  street,  and  two  com- 


DECORATIONS.  105 

mon  attic  windows,  one  on  each  side  of  the  roof,  near 
the  back  part  of  it.  This  room  was,  also,  at  an  un- 
known time,  divided  by  a  partition  into  two  apart- 
ments, one  in  front  and  the  other  in  the  rear. 

Such  was,  undoubtedly,  the  condition  and  appear- 
ance of  the  house  at  the  tune  when  the  parents  of 
Franklin  dwelt  within  its  walls,  with  their  large  family 
of  children,  several  of  whom  received  their  first  light 
beneath  its  roof;  and  such  it  continued  about  one 
hundred  years  after  the  Franklins  left  it  for  a  house 
of  their  own  at  the  present  site  of  the  gold  ball,  at 
the  corner  of  Hanover  and  Union  Streets.  But  this 
old  and  much  honored  building,  though  it  had  stood 
from  the  colonial  period  of  Massachusetts  history, 
through  the  provincial,  and  had  withstood  the  effects 
of  the  revolution,  nevertheless  was  destroyed  at  last, 
on  Saturday,  the  twenty-ninth  of  December,  1810,  by 
fire  communicated  to  it  from  the  livery  stable  then 
situated  at  the  corner  of  Hawley  Street,  and  kept  by 
Stephen  L.  Soper.  At  the  time  of  the  fire  the  house 
was  owned  and  occupied  by  Mr.  John  S.  Lillie,  whose 
son,  Mr.  Thomas  J.  Lillie,  was  born  in  it,  and  remem- 
bers well  every  particular  about  the  house,  its  inter- 
esting traditions,  and  final  destruction.  It  was  at  this 
time  that  the  Old  South  Meetinghouse  took  fire,  and 
was  saved  by  the  exertions  of  our  aged  fellow  citizen, 
Isaac  Harris,  Esq.,  for  which  he  received  a  silver  testi- 
monial. 

14 


106  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

From  the  site  of  the  old  Franklin  house,  extending 
to  Federal  Street,  a  line  had  been  elevated,  running 
lengthwise  through  the  middle  of  the  street,  from 
which  to  the  noble  blocks  of  warehouses  on  each  side 
of  the  street  there  was  an  elegant  display  of  double 
festoons  of  bunting  and  cambric,  forming  arches  of  bril- 
liant hues  of  red,  yellow,  pink,  green,  white  and  blue, 
and  producing  the  most  agreeable  effect,  resembling  in 
appearance  an  imaginary  fairy  arbor.  At  the  lower 
part  of  the  street,  near  the  opening  of  Federal  Street, 
was  another  arch  of  variegated  cloths,  having  the  same 
general  ornamental  design  as  the  arch  at  the  head  of 
the  street,  and  producing  a  similar  pleasing  effect. 
The  credit  for  this  very  beautiful  display  of  decora- 
tions was  due  chiefly  to  the  merchants  occupying  the 
stately  blocks  of  warehouses  in  Milk  Street,  and  partly 
to  the  Committee  of  Arrangements. 

Federal  Street. 

The  portion  of  this  street  from  Milk  Street  to  Frank- 
lin Street,  through  which  the  procession  passed,  was 
very  elegantly  and  tastefully  decorated  by  the  occu- 
pants of  the  stores. 

On  the  corner,  on  first  entering  the  street,  Messrs. 
Alfred  A.  Andrews  &  Co.  made  an  admirable  show  of 
festoons  of  bunting  and  flags,  surmounted  by  a  spread 
eagle  holding  a  wreath  of  evergreens  in  its  beak.  In 
the  centre  of  the  display  was  a  highly  ornamental 


DECORATIONS.  107 

device   containing   a   bust   of   Franklin   very   prettily 
trimmed  with  evergreen. 

The  street  presented  very  much  the  same  appear- 
ance as  Milk  Street.  From  a  line  in  the  centre  of  the 
street,  running  from  Milk  Street  to  Franklin  Street, 
flags  of  various  nations  depended,  interspersed  with 
streamers.  The  following  inscriptions,  illustrative  of 
the  long  life  and  honorable  career  of  Franklin,  were 
displayed  on  the  store  fronts :  — 

BORN  JANUARY  17TH,  1706. 

TALLOW  CHANDLER'S  APPRENTICE,  1717. 

PRINTER'S  APPRENTICE,  1719. 

AUTHOR,   1725. 
DRY   GOODS   CLERK,   1727. 

PRINTER,   1729. 

LEGISLATOR   FOR    PENNSYLVANIA,   1732. 

FOUNDER    OF    THE   UNIVERSITY    OF    PENNSYLVANIA. 

DEPUTY   POSTMASTER    GENERAL,   1751. 

INVENTOR    OF   LIGHTNING   RODS. 

FELLOW    OF    THE    ROYAL    SOCIETY. 

ORIGINATOR    OF   VOLUNTEER    MILITIA. 

COLONEL    OF   MILITIA. 

/?</8 

REPRESENTATIVE    OF   AMERICA   IN   ENGLAND,   1764._ 

MEMBER    OF   CONTINENTAL    CONGRESS,   1775. 

COMMISSIONER   PLENIPOTENTIARY   TO   FRANCE,  1776. 

CONCLUDED  FIRST  TREATY    FOR   AMERICA,  1778. 

DOCTOR    OF   LAWS,  BY    OXFORD. 
MINISTER    PLENIPOTENTIARY    TO    FRANCE,  1778. 


108  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Franklin  Street  and  Franklin  Place. 

The  Franklin  inscriptions  were  continued  in  this 
street,  as  follows: — 

COMMISSIONER    TO    TREAT    WITH    ENGLAND,    1782. 

PRESIDENT    OF    PENNSYLVANIA,  1785. 

DELEGATE   TO    FEDERAL    CONSTITUTIONAL    CONVENTION,  1787. 
DIED    APRIL    17,  1790. 

From  the  primary  schoolhouse  to  the  Roman  Catho- 
lic church  four  large  flags  were  extended,  with  the 
motto, 

FRANKLIN WE   ALL    UNITE    TO    HONOR   HIM. 

The  residences  of  Mrs.  Lydia  A.  Rogers  and  Mrs. 
S.  D.  French,  and  the  St.  James  Hotel,  were  each 
neatly  decorated. 

Mr.  Samuel  May  displayed  across  the  street  at  the 
entrance  to  Franklin  Square  the  following  inscription 
in  large  letters  :  — 

BENJAMIN    FRANKLIN FIRST    PRESIDENT    OF    THE 

PENNSYLVANIA   SOCIETY   FOR  PROMOTING  THE    ABO- 
LITION   OF    SLAVERY. 

From  the  Hall  of  the  Boston  Library  Society  three 
American  flags  were  shown,  with  the  inscription :  — 

FRANKLIN 1793. 


DECORATIONS.  109 

The  Franklin  Monument  in  the  enclosure  in  the 
centre  of  the  square,  consisting  of  a  large  urn  upon 
a  pedestal  supported  by  a  stone  base,  was  tastefully 
decorated  with  evergreen  and  flowers,  the  whole  sur- 
mounted with  lines  of  bunting  arranged  in  the  form 
of  a  canopy  for  it.  On  the  pedestal  was  the  following 
inscription :  — 

BULFINCH    ERECTED    THIS    MONUMENT   IN   MEMORY    OF 
FRANKLIN. 

Above  was  a  line  of  flags  bearing  the  following  inscrip- 
tion :  — 

WHEN    THIS    PLACE    WAS    LAID    OUT,  IN    1793,   THIS 

MONUMENTAL     URN    WAS     ERECTED     IN     HONOR     OF 

BENJAMIN    FRANKLIN. 

The  residence  of  Mrs.  Haven,  at  No.  22,  was  very 
handsomely  festooned,  and  over  the  front  door  there 
was  a  bust  of  Franklin,  neatly  trimmed  with  ever- 
green. 

The  houses  of  Mr.  Thomas  A.  Dexter  and  others 
were  liberally  ornamented  with  flags. 

At  the  corner  of  Hawley  Street  there  was  a  line 
of  flags  each  having  upon  it  one  letter  of  the  name 
of  «  Franklin." 

From  the  Pilot  office  a  beautiful  national  flag  was 
displayed  having  upon  it  "  Franklin." 

Mr.  Bela  Marsh,  bookseller,  extended  from  his  store 


HO  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

an- American  flag,  with   the  inscription,  quoted  from 
Poor  Richard  :  — 

WORTH   MAKES    THE   MAN. 

Messrs.  J.  B.  Jacobs,  Augustus  Brown,  and  William 
B.  Russell,  displayed,  with  a  line  of  national  flags, 
another  quotation  from  the  same  source:  — 

ONE   TO-DAY    IS    WORTH   TWO    TO-MORROWS. 

Mr.  David  Clapp,  printer,  exhibited  a  large  kite,  with 
a  representation  of  a  key,  at  the  corner  of  Washington 
Street,  with  this  inscription  :  — 

FRANKLIN  ERIPUIT     CCELO    FULMEN,    SCEPTRUMQUE 

TYRANNIS. 

From  the  building  occupied  by  the  same  gentleman 
were  also  displayed  flags  and  the  annexed  :  — 

WASHINGTON  AND  FRANKLIN AS  THE  STREETS  WHICH 

BEAR  THEIR  IMMORTAL  NAMES  ARE  HERE  INSEPARABLY 
CONNECTED,  SO  ARE  THEIR  MEMORIES  JOINED  IN  THE 
UNIVERSAL  AFFECTION  AND  HOMAGE  OF  MANKIND. 

Washington  Street,  from  Franldin   Street  to  Dover  Street. 

Opposite  the  head  of  Franklin  Street  a  beautiful  and 
peculiar  design  met  the  view,  and  attracted  the  atten- 
tion of  all  passers.  Messrs.  Bradford  &  Co.,  engravers 
and  lithographers,  exhibited  a  tablet  of  blue  cloth, 
dotted  with  silver  stars,  extending  from  the  roof  to  the 


DECORATIONS.  Ill 

second  story  of  their  building,  on  which  was  displayed 
the  following  inscription,  in  large  silver  letters :  — 

THE  MAN  FOR  WHOM  SCIENCE  AND  POLITICS  ARE 
DISPUTING;  WHO,  EMBRACING  EARTH  AND  HEAVEN 
IN  HIS  IDEAS,  COULD  TAME  THE  VOICE  OF  THUNDER 


AND    OF   DESPOTISM. 


In  the  centre  of  the  display  was  a  very  fine  bust  of 
Franklin,  and  the  whole  was  prettily  set  off  with 
bunting. 

American  flags  were  suspended  from  the  store  of 
Messrs.  George  W.  Warren  &  Co.,  and  from  the  Marl- 
boro' Hotel. 

The  armory  of  the  New  England  Guards  was  very 
tastefully  ornamented  with  flags  and  variously  colored 
streamers. 

The  premises  of  Mr.  Edward  Hennessey,  at  No.  268, 
were  neatly  decorated  with  national  colors. 

Messrs.  Hinds  &  Williams  displayed  a  profusion  of 
bunting  of  the  prevailing  colors,  and  a  bust  of  Franklin. 

Messrs.  Charles  H.  Bruce  &  Co.,  at  No.  304,  exhib- 
ited very  neat  and  handsome  decorations. 

At  the  corner  of  Suffolk  Place  were  suspended  flags 
and  streamers,  together  with  a  shield  put  up  by  Messrs. 
Theodore  F.  Harris  and  Joseph  H.  Sawyer,  bearing 
the  following  inscription:  — 

FRANKLIN THE    LIGHTNINGS    OF    HEAVEN    AND    THE 

TYRANTS     OF    EARTH    YIELD     TO     THY     GREAT    MIND. 


112  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

They  also  extended  across  the  street  a  line  of  flags  and 
streamers. 

The  front  of  the  Boston  Theatre  was  very  elabo- 
rately ornamented  with  silk  flags,  and  festoons  of 
various  colored  bunting.  A  shield  of  the  United  States 
surmounted  with  a  liberty  cap,  with  a  bust  of  Franklin 
in  the  foreground,  produced  a  beautiful  effect. 

Messrs.  Chase  Brothers  &  Co.  exhibited  fine  taste 
in  their  decorations.  In  the  same  building,  from  the 
upper  story  was  shown  a  large  American  flag. 

Messrs.  Woodward  &  Brown,  at  No.  387,  and  Mr. 
William  K.  Bacall,  at  No.  389,  dressed  their  establish- 
ments very  tastefully. 

Gray's  Building  was  very  neatly  and  appropriately 
adorned  with  national  flags  and  bunting,  by  the  occu- 
pant, Mr.  Leopold  Herman.  This  magnificent  build- 
ing, in  its  superb  dress,  with  its  windows  well  filled 
with  ladies,  made  a  most  imposing  appearance. 

Messrs.  Gaheny  &  Gendrot,  carvers  and  cabinet 
makers,  exhibited  from  their  premises  a  bust  of  Frank- 
lin, appropriately  draped  with  colored  festoons  and 
folds  of  bunting,  producing  a  very  agreeable  and 
pleasing  effect. 

Mr.  George  B.  Milton,  at  No.  427,  trimmed  the 
awning  in  front  of  his  store  with  colored  cloth  of 
various  hues,  with  evergreen  and  flowers ;  and  exhib- 
ited a  picture  of  Franklin,  trimmed,  also,  with  ever- 
green and  flowers,  in  a  very  -neat  manner. 


DECORATIONS.  113 

At  Boylston  market  were  displayed  two  busts  of 
Franklin,  and  other  decorations. 

In  the  window  of  Mr.  Stephen  Emmons,  a  lineal 
descendant  of  Franklin's  uncle  Benjamin  the  poet,  an 
ancient  picture  of  Franklin  was  an  object  of  much 
notice.  It  had  attached  to  it  the  following  memo- 
randum :  —  *  This  picture  was  sent  from  London,  July 
17,  1767,  by  Dr.  Franklin,  to  my  grandfather,  Samuel 
Franklin,  a  cousin  of  Dr.  Franklin,  and  has  been  in 
our  family  ever  since." 

Mr.  Lemuel  Gilbert,  piano-forte  manufacturer,  made 
a  considerable  show  with  three  American  flags. 

In  this  part  of  the  street  many  of  the  houses  and 
stores  were  ornamented  very  tastily  with  flags  and 
bunting.  Among  these  the  premises  of  Messrs.  Wil- 
liam Trainer,  Jr.,  George  S.  Kelt,  William  Mathews, 
James  Kelt,  John  S.  Rogers,  George  W.  Stevens,  B.  F. 
Horn,  Antoine  Mattel,  J.  B.  Starkweather  and  Patrick 
Murtagh,  were  particularly  deserving  of  notice,  for  the 
neatness  and  elegance  of  the  drapery. 

The  dwelling-house  and  store  of  Mr.  D.  A.  Sahlien, 
at  No.  568,  made  a  fine  appearance,  with  a  profusion 
of  colored  festoons,  and  a  tablet  containing  Poor  Rich- 
ard's famous  saying, 

A    STITCH   IN   TIME    SAVES   NINE. 

The  residence  of  Mrs.  C.  B.  Cummings,  No.  616, 
was  arrayed  in  a  fine  holiday  suit.  The  windows  were 

15 


114  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

hung  with  variously  colored  festoons,  and  over  the 
door  was  inscribed, 

THE  GREAT  PRACTICAL  ECONOMIST. 

On  the  balustrade  of  the  same  house  was  a  bust  of 
Franklin,  prettily  trimmed  with  evergreen  and  flowers, 
and  over  it, 

THE    GREAT   PHILOSOPHER. 

Underneath  was  a  quotation  from  Franklin's  Proverbs, 
in  the  following  words :  — 

HE  THAT  HATH  A  TRADE  HATH  AN  ESTATE. 

The  dwelling-house  of  Hon.  Moses  Kimball,  at  the 
corner  of  Oak  Street,  was  highly  ornamented,  and  with 
much  taste  and  neatness.  Near  the  roof  was  placed 
a  very  large  and  handsome  eagle,  from  which  were 
extended  small  national  flags,  and  depending  there- 
from was  a  magnificent  display  of  flags  and  streamers. 
A  bust  of  the  great  philosopher,  elegantly  draped, 
was  exposed  to  view,  and  the  following  inscription,  in 
prominent  letters :  — 

HONOR    TO    FRANKLIN THE    MAN,    THE    MASON, 

THE    STATESMAN,   THE    PHILOSOPHER. 

The  dwelling-house  of  the  late  Mr.  Alfred  Richard- 
son, at  the  corner  of  Pine  Street,  had  various  national 


DECORATIONS.  115 

flags,  and  was  beautifully  decked  with  streamers,  pre- 
senting truly  a  holiday  appearance. 

The  adjoining  residence  of  Mr.  Henry  W.  Button 
attracted  much  notice  on  account  of  its  dress.  The 
balcony  was  tastefully  draped  and  festooned  with  bunt- 
ing, and  bore  the  following  appropriate  inscription: — 

"BY   THE   PRESS   WE   CAN   SPEAK   TO   THE    NATIONS." Franklin. 

A  bust  of  Franklin  and  an  American  eagle,  properly 
disposed  and  draped,  completed  the  decorations. 

The  store  of  Mr.  A  G.  Wilbor,  apothecary,  at  the 
corner  of  Indiana  Street,  exhibited  a  profusion  of  flags. 

From  the  rooms  of  the  Vernon  Club,  at  No.  743, 
there  was  a  line  of  flags  and  Franklin's  well  known 
words, 

DON'T  GIVE  TOO  MUCH  FOR  THE  WHISTLE. 

The  dwelling-house  of  Mrs.  M.  Plympton,  No.  740, 
was  handsomely  arrayed  in  appropriate  colors,  and 
made  a  fine  display  of  flags  and  streamers. 

Messrs.  McFarland  and  B.  N.  Cumings  made  a 
fine  show  at  their  residences,  at  the  corner  of  Asylum 
Street.  Their  houses  were  beautifully  decorated  with 
flags  and  a  bust  of  Franklin,  and  the  following  quota- 
tion was  conspicuous:  — 

"HELP  ME  TO  BE  FAITHFUL  TO  MY  COUNTRY,  CARE- 
FUL FOR  ITS  GOOD,  VALIANT  FOR  ITS  DEFENCE, 
AND  OBEDIENT  TO  ITS  LAWS." Benjamin  Franklin. 


116  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Beneath  the  bust  was  the  name  of  "  Franklin,"  in  large 
gilt  letters. 

The  stores  occupied  by  Messrs.  Joseph  Hoar,  pro- 
vision dealer,  and  Marshal  M.  Bipley,  grocer,  were  well 
ornamented. 

Mr.  John  Green,  Jr.  painter,  exhibited  a  variety  of 
devices  and  inscriptions.  Among  them  was  a  repre- 
sentation of  a  printing  press,  with  the  motto :  — 

THE  TYRANT'S  FOE,  THE  PEOPLE'S  FRIEND. 

Another  device  exhibited  a  globe,  maps,  and  a  Bible, 
together  with  the  words, 

KNOWLEDGE   IS   POWER. 

Beneath  these  were  represented  Masonic  and  other 
symbols,  and  the  inscription :  — 

BENJAMIN  FRANKLIN A  PHILOSOPHER,  STATESMAN, 

AND  PATRIOT. 

Messrs.  N.  J.  Bradley,  No.  776,  George  Homer,  No. 
778,  and  James  M.  Smith,  No.  837,  had  their  places 
very  handsomely  trimmed. 

The  residence  of  Mr.  Nathaniel  Brewer,  No.  877,  was 
decorated  in  good  taste,  and  displayed  a  picture  of 
Franklin  at  the  Court  of  France,  together  with  a  richly 
ornamented  banner  formerly  belonging  to  the  ward, 
and  called  the  banner  of  the  « Tea  Party  Ward."  It 


DECORATIONS.  117 

represented  the  destruction  of  the  tea  at  Griffin's  (now 
Liverpool)  wharf,  in  1773,  and  was  inscribed, 

FREEMEN'S  RIGHT  —  FREEMEN'S  MIGHT. 
TEA  PARTY  IN  BOSTON,  DECEMBER  16,  1773. 

Dover  Street. 

This  street  was  magnificently  and  most  elaborately 
decorated  by  the  united  effort  of  the  public  spirited 
residents.  From  the  corner  of  Washington,  where  the 
procession  entered,  to  Tremont  Street,  there  was  an 
unbroken  succession  of  tent-like  arrangements  of  flags 
and  variegated  streamers,  which  gave  to  the  street  a 
very  elegant  and  picturesque  appearance. 

At  the  entrance  from  Washington  Street  were  two 
large  American  flags,  on  one  of  which  was  inscribed, 

FRANKLIN    BORN    JANUARY    17TH,    1706. 

On  the  other  was  one  of  his  sayings, 

TIME    IS    MONEY. 

Interspersed  among  the  flags  and  streamers,  which 
literally  formed  a  canopy  to  the  street,  were  the  follow- 
ing inscriptions,  and  several  quotations  from  Franklin's 
quaint  sayings,  taken  chiefly  from  Poor  Kichard's  Al- 
manac :  — 

BENJAMIN    FRANKLIN. 
BORN    JAN.  17,  17015 DIED    APRIL    17,  1790. 


118  FRANKLIN    STATUE    MEMORIAL. 

A   PLOWMAN    ON    HIS    LEGS    IS    HIGHER    THAN    A    GEN- 
TLEMAN   ON    HIS    KNEES. 

THE     GENIUS      WHICH     GAVE     FREEDOM     TO     AMERICA, 
AND    SCATTERED    TORRENTS    OF    LIGHT    UPON    EUROPE. 

BENJAMIN     FRANKLIN HE     KEPT    HIS    SPIRIT    PURE 

FROM    WORLDLY    TAINT     BY     THE    REPELLANT    POWER 
OF    VIRTUE. 

A    LITTLE   NEGLECT    MAY    BREED    GREAT    MISCHIEF. 

SLOTH  MAKETH  ALL  THINGS  DIFFICULT,  BUT  INDUSTRY 
ALL    EASY. 

ELECTRICITY  THE  WONDER  OF  THE  WORLD. 

HE  THAT  HATH  A  TRADE  HATH  AN  ESTATE. 

DON'T  GIVE  TOO  MUCH  FOR  THE  WHISTLE. 

CONSTANT  DROPPING  WILL  WEAR  AWAY  STONES. 

IT  IS  HARD  FOR  AN  EMPTY  SACK  TO  STAND  UPRIGHT. 

Across  the  head  of  Shawmut  Avenue  was  suspended, 

A    SMALL    LEAK    WILL    SINK    A    GREAT   SHIP. 

At  the  head  of  Suffolk  Street, 

BE   ASHAMED   TO    CATCH    YOURSELF    IDLE. 

At  the  head  of  Emerald  Street,  leading  into  Dover 
Street,  a  stand  was  erected  and  gayly  decorated  with 
flags,  mottoes,  &c.  Thirty-one  girls  dressed  in  white, 
pupils  of  the  Franklin  School,  occupied  the  stand,  and 
as  the  procession  passed,  united  their  sweet  voices  in 


DECORATIONS.  119 

singing  a  number  of  appropriate  pieces.  On  every 
side  were  mottoes  from  the  wise  maxims  of  Franklin, 
and  the  following  inscription :  — 

FRANKLIN   SCHOOL ESTABLISHED    IN   1785. 

In  front  of  the  platform  was  a  bust  of  Franklin  very 
neatly  trimmed. 

Another  motto  in  this  vicinity  was, 

WHEN   THE   WELL   IS   DRY,  WE   KNOW   THE   WORTH    OF 
WATER. 

Across  the  entrance  to  Village  Street  was  a  very 
large  flag,  inscribed,  "  Park." 

Mr.  W.  W.  Clapp,  Jr.,  at  No.  25,  displayed  over  his 
door  a  picture  of  Franklin,  with  the  inscriptions  — 

BOSTON,    SEPT.    17TH,   1856. 
HE   SHALL   HAVE  A   NOBLE   MEMORY. 

Mr.  Benjamin  F.  Tenney,  at  No.  9,  displayed  the 
motto :  — 

THE    FAME    THAT    A    MAN    WINS    HIMSELF,    IS    BEST; 
THAT   HE   MAY    CALL   HIS    OWN. 

On  the  residence  of  Mr.  George  H.  Child,  at  No.  5, 
was  displayed, 

WHILE  FRANKLIN'S  QUIET  MEMORY  CLIMBS  TO  HEAVEN, 
CALMING  THE  LIGHTNING  WHICH  HE  THENCE  HATH  RIVEN. 


120  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

At  the  juncture  of  the  street  with  Tremont  Street 
was  a  very  large  flag,  with  the  motto,  so  often  used 
upon  the  route, 

HE   THAT   HATH   A   TRADE   HATH   AN   ESTATE. 

Tremont  Street,  from  Dover  to  Pleasant  Street. 

A  portion  of  this  part  of  the  route  was  very  beau- 
tifully adorned  by  the  residents;  nearly  every  house 
having  festoons  and  streamers  tastefully  arranged. 

The  dwelling-house  of  Mr.  L.  Leach,  No.  495,  was 
neatly  adorned  with  bunting  of  various  colors,  and 
bore  the  following  motto  :  — 

LITTLE    STROKES    FELL    GREAT    OAKS. 

On  the  house  of  Mr.  Warren  Richardson,  No.  488, 
which  was  neatly  trimmed,  was  the  following  inscrip- 
tion :  — 

WE   WILL    KEEP   HIS   NAME    GREEN    IN    OUR    MEMORY. 

The  promise  given  above  was  fulfilled,  certainly  for 
the  day  of  inauguration ;  for,  on  a  white  groundwork 
with  a  border  of  evergreens  and  dahlias,  was  displayed, 

FRANKLIN THE  PATRIOT,  STATESMAN  AND  PHILOSOPHER. 

Mr.  Paul  McNutt,  at  No.  441,  displayed  a  line  of 
flags,  with  the  words, 

HONOR   TO    FRANKLIN. 


CDECORATIONS}  121 

The  houses  occupied  by  Messrs.  Philip  B.  Read, 
Freeman  Rowland,  J.  H.  Simonds  and  Benedict  Salvo, 
were  neatly  adorned.  Besides  other  decorations,  the 
latter  had  a  tablet,  with  the  following  words :  — 

GONE,   BUT   NOT   FORGOTTEN. 

The  residence  of  Mr.  Gilbert  Cummings,  No.  343, 
was  elegantly  draped  with  flags  and  bunting,  and  dis- 
played a  picture  of  Franklin  at  the  court  of  France, 
with  a  bust  of  the-  philosopher,  and  a  fine  gilt  eagle. 

The  residence  of  Mr.  J.  Rametti,  No.  342,  and  that 
of  Mr.  J.  A.  Robinson,  at  the  corner  of  Pleasant  Street, 
were  trimmed  in  excellent  taste. 

Pleasant  Street. 

The  houses  in  this  street  were  well  decorated,  many 
of  them  bearing  mottoes  and  sayings  of  Franklin. 

The  dwelling-house  of  Mr.  Charles  W.  Stevens  was 
highly  ornamented.  A  line  of  flags  extended  across 
the  street  bore  the  following :  — 

%      HIS    KEYS    UNLOCKED    THE    CLOUDS,   AND    TAMED    THE 
LIGHTNING   TO   HIS   WILL. 

On  the  left  side  of  the  inscription  was  a  paper  kite, 
with  the  following  words,  in  conspicuous  letters :  — 

SMALL   MEANS. 
16 


122  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

On  the  right  side  was  another  similar  kite  inscribed, 

GREAT   ENDS. 

The  house  of  Mr.  Edwin  Brown  was  tastefully 
trimmed  with  bunting  of  various  colors,  and  displayed 
a  picture  of  Franklin  at  the  court  of  France,  neatly 
draped. 

Mr.  John  M.  Bobbins  displayed  an  elegant  banner, 
with  the  words, 

LA   FRANCE   APPLAUDIT. 

Charles  Street. 

In  the  portion  of  this  street  through  which  the 
procession  passed,  there  was  no  great  chance  for  deco- 
rations, there  being  no  buildings  on  either  side.  Nev- 
ertheless, the  show  from  the  Common  and  Public 
Garden  made  up  for  the  deficiency  in  the  street.  Nu- 
merous flags  and  streamers  were  arranged  from  tents 
and  trees,  producing  an  agreeable  effect. 

Beacon  Street. 

Some  of  the  prominent  points  in  this  street  were 
decorated  with  flags  and  inscriptions. 

Two  Netherland  Consular  flags  were  suspended  from 
the  house  of  B.  Homer  Dixon,  Esq.,  at  the  corner  of 
Walnut  Street. 

A  paper  kite  was  shown  at  the  corner  of  Joy  Street. 


DECORATIONS.  123 

A  line  of  flags  was  extended  across  the  street, 
between  the  house  of  Mr.  Benjamin  Guild  and  the 
grocery  store  of  Mr.  W.  H.  Henderson,  at  the  corner 
of  Bowdoin  Street,  with  a  profile  likeness  of  Franklin 
and  a  tablet  with  the  words, 

TIME   IS   MONEY. 

» 

On  the  reverse  of  this  was  also  prominently  inscribed, 

BOSTON   SETTLED    1630. 

The  stone  building  of  the  Boston  Athenaeum  was 
somewhat  adorned. 

School  Street. 

The  Parker  House  was  magnificently  decorated.  Six 
American  flags  waved  from  the  balustrade.  Upon  this 
were  arranged  eight  large  vases  containing  beautiful 
natural  flowers.  On  the  front  of  the  balcony  were 
two  well  formed  shields ;  the  one  at  the  right  bore  a 
representation  of  a  printing  press,  with  the  motto :  — 

THINK  INNOCENTLY  AND  JUSTLY;  AND,  IF  YOU   SPEAK, 
SPEAK   ACCORDINGLY. 

The  shield  on  the  left  had  the  representation  of  a 
bee-hive,  and  the  words, 

INDUSTRY. 
BE  ALWAYS  EMPLOYED  IN  SOMETHINa  USEFUL. 

Immediately  over  the  balcony  was  a   large  painting, 


124  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

very  well  executed,  representing  Franklin,  as  a  printer, 
wheeling  home  on  a  hand-barrow  a  load  of  paper, 
with  the  following  descriptive  quotation  from  his  auto- 
biography :  — 

I  SOMETIMES  BROUGHT  HOME  THE  PAPER  I  PURCHASED  AT 
THE  STORES,  THROUGH  THE  STREETS  ON  A  WHEELBARROW. 

An  architectural  design  served  as  a  border  for  the 
picture,  the  two  columns  being  entwined  with  grape 
vines,  full  of  rich-looking  clusters  of  fruit.  At  the  top 
were  the  arms  of  the  Franklin  family.  On  the  columns 
were  two  shields,  one  bearing  a  kite,  the  other  an 
ancient  electrical  machine. 

The  printing  office  of  Mr.  N.  S.  Dearborn  was  gaily- 
decorated  and  festooned  with  drapery,  the  whole  sur- 
mounted by  an  eagle.  Across  the  street  a  flag  was 
extended  with  the  words, 

HONOR    TO    FRANKLIN. 

Mr.  Abner  Haven,  confectioner,  displayed  in  front 
of  his  store  a  bust  of  Franklin. 

Messrs.  Chichi  &  Garey,  at  their  statuary  rooms, 
displayed  busts  of  Franklin  and  other  distinguished 
persons,  his  compatriots. 

The   City  Hall 

The  municipal  building  of  the  city  was  most  ele- 
gantly and  appropriately  decorated  for  the  memorable 


DECORATIONS.  125 

occasion.  Lines  of  flags  of  all  nations,  and  streamers, 
were  extended  across  the  square  and  street,  producing 
a  beautiful  effect.  The  area  was  chiefly  covered  with 
the  stage  for  the  speakers,  and  the  large  platforms 
for  the  spectators  of  the  inaugural  ceremonies. 

Besides  the  above  described  decorations  on  the 
route  of  the  procession,  there  were  many  in  other 
parts  of  the  city :  for  no  class  of  citizens  seemed  to 
be  neglectful  in  doing  homage  to  the  memory  of  him 
who  had  been  their  most  distinguished  townsman ; 
but  vied  in  paying  honor  to  him  who,  more  than  any 
other,  had  honored  them. 


PROCESSION. 


PKOCESSION. 


THE  procession  was  considered  by  all  observers  to  be 
one  of  the  grandest  and  most  extensive,  both  as  regards 
its  length,  and  the  great  degree  of  ornament  displayed, 
that  was  ever  witnessed  in  the  streets  of  Boston.  The 
features  distinguishing  it  from  all  others  were  its  pecu- 
liarity and  originality.  It  was  composed  of  persons 
of  all  classes,  and  of  every  condition  in  life ;  citizens  of 
every  grade  and  occupation  striving  with  each  other 
in  adding  to  the  great  show  of  the  unexampled  demon- 
stration. There  were  few  parts  of  the  pageant,  indeed, 
in  which  a  special  connection  with  the  great  Bostonian 
was  not  evident.  The  military,  the  firemen,  the  mem- 
bers of  the  various  trades  and  professions,  the  different 
societies  and  associations  —  literary,  scientific,  benevo- 
lent and  religious  —  were  all  represented  on  the  memo- 
rable occasion,  and  all  seemed  to  have  some  appropriate 
reference  or  connection  with  the  distinguished  indi- 
vidual whose  remembrance  they  seemed  determined 
should  always  be  green  in  the  city  of  his  birth,  which 
he  had  honored  by  his  integrity  and  uprightness,  by 


17 


130  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

his  science  and  philosophy,  by  his  wisdom  and  pru- 
dence, and  by  his  living  friendship  and  dying  bequests. 
The  spirit  of  the  remarkable  man  seemed  to  pervade 
every  part  of  the  magnificent  array. 

As  an  exhibition  of  Boston,  and  its  noble  institutions 
and  enterprising  inhabitants,  the  procession  may  be 
regarded  as  a  successful  demonstration.  The  volunteer 
militia  was  out  in  its  strength  and  accustomed  splendor, 
and  elicited  from  the  numerous  spectators  the  warmest 
encomiums  for  promptness  of  action  and  soldierly  ap- 
pearance. The  firemen  of  the  city,  with  their  appara- 
tus in  perfect  working  order  and  decked  as  became  the 
occasion,  were  truly  an  honor  to  Boston,  and  to  the 
event  they  so  much  aided  to  distinguish.  The  masonic 
fraternity,  in  very  rich  and  dazzling  regalia  —  a  noble 
brotherhood  in  deeds  as  well  as  professions  —  won 
from  all  a  favorable  recognition  for  their  great  number, 
brilliant  appearance  and  general  respectability.  The 
vast  number  of  societies  and  associations,  organized  for 
all  kinds  of  good  purposes  and  intentions,  with  badges, 
decorations  and  uniforms  in  profuse  variety,  forming 
a  very  large  and  attractive  part  of  the  array,  made  a 
most  imposing  show,  and  added  very  much  to  the 
spectacle. 

The  manner  in  which  the  business  of  Boston  —  both 
the  manufacturing  and  the  trading  —  was  represented 
in  the  grand  procession  was  most  striking,  and  will 
probably  never  be  forgotten  by  those  whose  good  for- 


PROCESSION.  131 

tune  it  was  to  be  witnesses  of  the  successful  demon- 
stration. Almost  all  the  various  branches  of  business 
were  well  represented,  and  many  of  the  individual 
firms  made  remarkable  displays.  To  a  stranger,  who 
for  the  first  time  beheld  such  a  sight,  the  appearance 
of  the  immense  numbers  of  substantial-looking  trades- 
men and  mechanics  who  composed  the  solid  columns 
of  the  various  delegations,  was  truly  astounding,  and 
gave  a  positive  idea  of  the  extent  of  the  business  done 
in  the  city  of  Boston.  One  branch  in  particular,  which 
a  few  years  ago  was  unknown  in  this  community  — 
the  express  —  was  most  liberally  provided  with  noble 
teams  and  well  laden  wagons,  demonstrating  to  be- 
holders the  great  extent  to  which  the  necessities  of 
increased  business  have  multiplied  new  and  important 
conveniences.  The  whole  array  of  the  procession 
afforded  the  most  convincing  illustration  and  conclusive 
demonstration  of  the  enterprise  which  exists  in  the 
birthplace  of  Franklin.  s_ 

The  length  of  the  procession  was  so  great  that  it 
occupied  the  whole  route,  which  was  about  five  miles; 
so  that  when  the  vanguard,  leaving  Park  Street  Meet- 
inghouse, had  proceeded  northerly  through  Tremont 
and  other  streets,  to  Haymarket  Square,  and  thence 
easterly  to  Commercial  Street,  where  the  course  became 
turned  towards  the  south,  and  had  advanced  in  its 
serpentine  route  to  its  most  southerly  limit  in  Dover 
Street,  and  had  then  on  its  return  to  the  centre  of  the 


132  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

city,  passed  through  the  Tremont  Road  and  Pleasant 
Street,  by  the  Common  on  the  two  sides  bounded  by 
Charles  and  Beacon  Streets,  to  the  corner  of  Beacon 
and  Tremont  Streets,  it  came  in  contact  with  the  sixth 
division  of  the  procession,  which  was  only  commencing 
its  progress,  and  several  other  divisions  were  yet  to 
pass,  which  consumed  more  than  twenty  minutes  more. 
It  was  two  hours  and  fifty  minutes  in  passing  a  given 
point  on  the  route. 

Precisely  at  ten  o'clock  the  procession  started,  with 
commendable  punctuality,  and  occupied  more  than  four 
hours  in  its  passage  over  the  route.  The  appearance 
of  the  spectacle  was  most  intensely  interesting  at  two 
o'clock  in  the  afternoon ;  for  at  that  time  the  whole 
procession  was  in  motion,  and  every  element  was  fairly 
in  action.  The  whole  route  was  at  this  time  filled  by 
the  procession,  the  vanguard  just  terminating,  and  the 
rearguard  of  mounted  policemen  just  commencing  the 
inarch.  The  sidewalks  were  covered  with  men  and 
boys,  and  the  windows  were  filled  with  women  and 
children,  eager  spectators  of  what  was  passing.  The 
square  in  front  of  City  Hall  was  thronged  with  those 
who  were  so  fortunate  as  to  gain  admission  to  hear 
the  exercises  and  witness  the  ceremonies. 

The  procession  was  arranged  as  nearly  as  possible  to 
conform  with  the  program  issued  by  the  Chief  Mar- 
shal, and  proceeded  through  the  appointed  streets  in 
excellent  order,  as  follows. 


PROCESSION.  133 

THE    VANGUAED. 

The  procession  was  preceded  by  a  select  body  of 
policemen,  mounted  upon  white  horses,  consisting  of 
the  Deputy  Chief,  Luther  A.  Ham,  Captains  Edward  H. 
Savage,  William  K.  Jones,  Samuel  G.  Adams,  Robert 
Taylor,  William  B.  Tarleton,  and  Lieutenants  Nathaniel 
G.  Davis,  Asa  Morrill,  Oliver  Whitcomb,  John  S.  Hunt, 
William  Chadbourn,  James  D.  Russell,  Alvan  S.  Drew 
and  William  E.  Hough ;  all  of  whom  were  neatly  and 
uniformly  dressed,  each  wearing  a  blue  cloth  cap  encir- 
cled with  a  broad  patent  leather  band  bearing  a  silver 
star  in  front ;  blue  coats  trimmed  with  gilt  buttons,  and 
black  pantaloons.  Besides  the  proper  insignia  of  office, 
each  had  other  badges  pertinent  to  the  occasion.  The 
horses  were  well  caparisoned,  and  bore  the  appropriate 
emblems  of  the  official  position  of  their  riders. 

THE    MILITARY    ESCORT. 

The  First  Brigade  of  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia, 
having  had  the  honorable  appointment  of  performing 
escort  duty,  came  next  in  order,  Colonel  William  W. 
Bullock  of  the  second  regiment  of  infantry  in  com- 
mand, Brigadier  General  Samuel  Andrews  being  pre- 
vented by  severe  illness  from  being  present.  Colonel 
Bullock  was  accompanied  by  the  officers  composing 
the  staff  of  the  brigade. 


134  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

BRIGADE  STAFF:  Brigade  Major,  P.  Stearns  Davis; 
Aid-de-camp,  Henry  C.  Brooks ;  Quarter-master,  William 
Baker,  Jr.;  Engineer,  Charles  L.  Holbrook. 

The  First  Brigade  comprises  the  following  corps, 
which  appeared  in  the  order  given  below,  and  with  the 
officers  specified. 

The  Boston  Light  Artillery,  under  Captain  Moses  G. 
Cobb ;  Adjutant,  Adin  Partridge ;  Surgeon,  William 
Otis  Johnson ;  with  full  battery  of  six  field  pieces  and 
caissons,  sixty  horses  and  ninety  men. 

The  First  Battalion  of  Light  Dragoons,  under  Major 
Thomas  J.  Pierce,  with  the  Boston  Brass  Band.  STAFF  : 
Adjutant,  William  F.  White ;  Quarter-master,  Lucius 
Slade ;  Surgeon,  John  D.  Mason. 

The  companies  of  this  battalion,  as  they  appeared 
in  the  procession,  numbered  about  two  hundred  and 
twenty-five  men  and  horses,  and  were :  — 

Company  B.  —  The  Boston  Light  Dragoons,  under 
Captain  Isaac  H.  Wright. 

Company  A. —  The  National  Lancers,  under  Captain 
Charles  A.  Kimball. 

The  First  Regiment  of  Infantry,  under  Colonel 
Robert  I.  Burbank,  with  the  regimental  band,  (Flagg's 
Comet.)  Lieutenant  Colonel,  Albert  J.  Wright;  Major, 
Samuel  G.  Adams.  STAFF:  Adjutant,  John  R.  Hall; 
Quarter-master,  T.  Bigelow  Lawrence;  Paymaster,  Ed- 
ward G.  Parker ;  Surgeon,  Frederic  S.  Ainsworth ;  Sur- 
geon's Mate,  Hasket  Derby. 


PROCESSION.  135 

% 

The  companies  of  this  regiment  appeared  under  the 
officers  named,  and  in  the  following  order,  with  about 
four  hundred  men:  — 

Company  B. — New  England  Guards,  Captain  Joseph 
L.  Henshaw ; 

Company  C.  —  Pulaski  Guards,  Captain  Joshua  Jen- 
kins; 

Company  G. —  Washington  Light  .Infantry,  Lieuten- 
ant Edward  W.  Hinks ; 

Company  H. —  Mechanic  Infantry,  Captain  George 
West; 

Company  A. —  Boston  Light  Infantry,  Lieutenant 
William  W.  Cook; 

Company  F. —  Independent  Boston  Fusileers,  Cap- 
tain Henry  A.  Snow; 

Company  D. — Boston  Light  Guard,  Lieutenant  Wal- 
ter Miles; 

Company  R — Boston  City  Guard,  Captain  Isaac  F. 
Shepard. 

The  Second  Regiment  of  Infantry,  under  Lieutenant 
Colonel  Thomas  L.  D.  Perkins,  with  the  Boston  Cornet 
Band.  Major,  Warren  French.  STAFF  :  Adjutant,  Solon 
Fisher ;  Quarter-master,  Daniel  Cram ;  Paymaster,  Tim- 
othy Osgood;  Surgeon,  Rufus  L.  Hinckley;  Surgeon's 
Mate,  T.  Haven  Bearing. 

The  companies  of  this  regiment  exhibited  about 
two  hundred  and  eighty  men,  in  the  order  and  under 
the  officers  mentioned  below:  — 


136  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Company  A. —  Boston  Phalanx,  Captain  Thomas  H 
Evans ; 

Company  C. —  Washington  Guards,  Captain  Joseph 
N.  Pennock ; 

Company  B. —  Union  Guards,  Captain  Benjamin  F. 
Eussell ; 

Company  F. — National  Guards,  Captain  Augustine 
Harlow ; 

Company  E. —  Lafayette  Guards,  Captain  Porter  D. 
Tripp ; 

Company  D. —  Roxbury  Infantry,  Captain  Isaac  S. 
Burrill. 

The  brigade,  dressed  in  the  regulation  uniform,  ap- 
peared very  finely,  fully  sustaining  its  high  character 
and  reputation  for  soldierly  conduct  and  drill,  bearing 
the  fatigues  of  the  long  and  wearisome  march  with 
great  decorum,  and  in  a  manner  alike  honorable  to  the 
Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia  and  to  the  occasion 
which  called  them  forth  to  duty. 

THE  BOSTON  FIRE  DEPARTMENT. 

Immediately  following  the  military  escort,  the  fire 
department  in  full  ranks,  in  some  instances  exceeding 
the  number  prescribed  by  the  city  ordinances,  appeared 
in  the  procession  arrayed  in  holiday  costume.  The 
department  was  promptly  in  line  at  nine  o'clock  in  the 
morning,  on  Tremont  and  Boylston  Street  Malls,  where 


PROCESSION.  137 

it  was  reviewed  by  his  Honor,  the  Mayor,  and  many 
other  members  of  the  city  government.  No  body  of 
men  in  the  whole  procession  acquitted  themselves  more 
handsomely,  or  gave  more  satisfaction  to  the  spectators, 
than  did  the  hardy  members  of  this  truly  important 
department.  Under  the  Chief  Engineer,  the  late  Mr. 
Elisha  Smith,  Jr.,  aided  by  the  several  assistant  en- 
gineers, the  following  order  was  observed :  — 

A  delegation  of  fire  police. 

Chief  Engineer  and  the  following  aids:  —  Messrs. 
Charles  S.  Clark,  George  W.  Bird,  Joseph  D  unbar, 
Nathaniel  W.  Pratt,  David  Chamberlin,  David  C.  Me- 
loon,  Richard  S.  Martin,  George  F.  Hibbard,  Zenas  E. 
Smith. 

Mr.  Frederick  A.  Colburn,  Secretary  of  the  Board. 

Music,  Mount  Washington  Brass  Band. 

Mazeppa  Engine  Company,  No.  1,  William  H.  Cun- 
ningham, Foreman ;  William  H.  Kaharl,  Assistant  Fore- 
man ;  Frederick  Richards,  Clerk ;  George  F.  Gould, 
Steward.  Uniform — black  glazed  caps,  red  shirts  faced 
with  blue,  black  pantaloons.  Engine  handsomely  deco- 
rated. Forty-five  men. 

A  splendid  American  silk  flag  was  borne  by  this 
company,  which  was  presented  to  them  on  the  previous 
evening  by  an  ex-member  and  volunteer  of  Cataract, 
No.  4,  in  the  name  of  the  company;  the  presentation 
speech  being  made  by  Mr.  John  Gould,  an  active  mem- 
ber of  No.  4. 

18 


138  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Perkins  Engine  Company,  No.  2,  Daniel  Weston,  Jr., 
Foreman ;  George  A.  Brown,  Assistant  Foreman ;  John 
B.  Hill,  Clerk;  Theodore  Hutchings,  Steward.  Uni- 
form —  black  cloth  caps,  blue  shirts,  red  facings,  with  a 
shield  on  the  breast,  black  pantaloons.  Forty-two  men. 

Eagle  Engine  Company,  No.  3,  Edward  W.  Milliken, 
Foreman;  Hiram  L.  Wallingford,  Assistant  Foreman; 
George  D.  Chubbuck,  Clerk ;  William  A.  Spooner,  Stew- 
ard. Uniform  —  black  glazed  caps,  red  shirts,  black 
and  blue  facings  with  silver  trimmings,  black  panta- 
loons. Forty  men. 

Cataract  Engine  Company,  No.  4,  John  S.  Damrell, 
Foreman ;  John  Prince,  Assistant  Foreman ;  Rufus  B. 
Farrar,  Clerk ;  Alexander  H.  Towne,  Steward.  Uni- 
form— fire  caps,  red  shirts,  drab  pantaloons,  with  patent 
leather  leggins.  Bouquets  of  flowers  in  buckets  on 
Engine.  The  company  carried  a  large  silk  national 
flag  in  its  ranks.  Forty-eight  men. 

Extinguisher  Engine  Company,  No.  5,  William  M. 
Eumeiy,  Foreman;  Samuel  W.  Holt,  Assistant  Fore- 
man ;  Eben  H.  Goodhue,  Clerk ;  David  Riley,  Steward. 
Uniform  —  blue  caps,  blue  shirts,  black  pantaloons,  and 
patent  leather  leggins.  Engine  handsomely  decorated 
with  bouquets  of  flowers,  small  flags  and  bunting. 
Forty  men. 

Warren  Hook  and  Ladder  Company,  No.  1,  Jere- 
miah S.  Stevens,  Foreman ;  Moses  Place,  Assistant  Fore- 
man; Charles  H.  Merritt,  Clerk;  John  S.  Stevens, 


PROCESSION.  139 

Steward.  Uniform  —  black  tarpaulin  hats,  red  shirts, 
blue  trimmings,  black  pantaloons.  Their  carriage  was 
appropriately  decorated.  Twenty-three  men. 

Melvill  Engine  Company,  No.  6,  Benjamin  H.  Bay- 
ley,  Foreman;  Charles  C.  Geyer,  Assistant  Foreman; 
Joseph  M.  Richardson,  Clerk ;  William  Blake,  Steward. 
Uniform — black  hats,  red  shirts,  with  VI.  on  the  breast, 
black  pantaloons.  This  company  also  carried  a  splendid 
silk  American  flag.  Forty  men. 

A  delegation  from  Tiger  Engine  Company,  No.  5, 
Captain  Charles  Arlin,  of  Lowell,  acccompanied  the 
Melvill  Company.  Assistant  Engineer  William  H.  Lam- 
son,  of  the  Lowell  Fire  Department,  was  also  in  the 
company. 

Tiger  Engine  Company,  No.  7,  Charles  C.  Henry, 
Foreman ;  Thomas  Whipple,  Assistant  Foreman ;  Edwin 
L.  Leavitt,  Clerk ;  William  Shelton,  Steward.  Uni- 
form—  fire  caps,  red  shirts  with  black  facings,  black 
pantaloons.  Forty-two  men. 

Boston  Engine  Company,  No.  8,  Charles  P.  Shattuck, 
Foreman ;  Benjamin  Tarbox,  Assistant  Foreman ;  Julius 
T.  Parkhurst,  Clerk;  Archibald  Smith,  Steward.  Uni- 
form—  blue  cloth  caps,  red  shirts  with  Vin.  on  the 
breast,  black  pantaloons.  A  silken  flag  was  borne  in 
the  ranks  of  the  company.  Seventy  men. 

Maverick  Engine  Company,  No.  9,  John  P.  Somerby, 
Foreman;  Job  H.  Perkins,  Assistant  Foreman;  Benja- 
min Varney,  Clerk;  Anthony  Currant,  Steward.  Uni- 


140  FRANKLIN    STATUE    MEMORIAL. 

form  —  blue  caps,  blue  and  red  shirts,  with  IX.  on  the 
breast,  black  pantaloons,  with  patent  leather  leggins. 
Engine  handsomely  decorated  with  wreaths  and  bou- 
quets of  flowers.  Fifty  men. 

North  Bridgewater  Brass  Band,  G.  E.  Kingsley, 
leader. 

Dunbar  Engine  Company,  No.  10,  Joseph  Baker, 
Foreman ;  George  A.  Tucker,  Assistant  Foreman ;  John 
Gray,  Clerk ;  Alfred  P.  Inman,  Steward.  Uniform  — 
black  cloth  caps  with  gold  bands,  blue  shirts  with  red 
facings,  black  pantaloons.  Forty  men. 

Washington  Hook  and  Ladder  Company,  No.  2, 
Charles  Simmons,  Foreman;  James  W.  Seavey,  Assist- 
ant Foreman ;  William  F.  Hayes,  Clerk ;  Thaddeus 
Holmes,  Steward.  Uniform  —  blue  cloth  caps,  blue 
shirts,  black  pantaloons.  Twenty  men. 

The  ladder  truck  was  decorated  in  a  very  appro- 
priate manner,  the  American  colors  being  placed  on  the 
right  and  left  of  the  ladders,  surrounded  by  flowers, 
while  on  the  top  of  the  truck,  in  the  centre  of  the  lad- 
ders, was  placed  a  large  portrait  of  Washington. 

Barnicoat  Engine  Company,  No.  11,  Henry  A.  Hunt- 
ing, Foreman ;  Charles  B.  Maxfield,  Assistant  Foreman  ; 
Frederick  W.  Smith,  Clerk ;  Daniel  S.  Newell,  Steward ; 
Uniform  —  fire  caps,  red  shirts,  black  pantaloons.  En- 
gine tastefully  decorated  with  ribbons,  flowers  and 
streamers.  Forty  men. 

Tremont  Engine   Company,  No.  12,  Oliver  R  Rob- 


PROCESSION.  141 

bins,  Foreman;  John  Hawkins,  Assistant  Foreman; 
Levi  W.  Shaw,  Clerk ;  Eobert  D.  Griggs,  Steward.  Uni- 
form—  white  fire  caps,  red  shirts  with  blue  facings, 
black  pantaloons.  Forty-one  men. 

Washington  Hydrant  Company,  No.  1,  Charles  E. 
Dunton,  Foreman;  Edward  Gross,  Assistant  Foreman; 
Alfred  Williams,  Clerk;  George  H.  Delano,  Steward. 
Uniform  —  scarlet  caps,  white  shirts,  black  pantaloons. 
Hose  carriage  decorated  with  flags,  flowers  and  ever- 
green. Twenty-three  men. 

Union  Hydrant  Company,  No.  2,  Moses  C.  Thomp- 
son, Foreman;  Henry  L.  Hough  ton,  Assistant  Foreman; 
George  Newton,  Clerk;  Jacob  Smith,  Steward.  Uni- 
form —  black  caps,  red  shirts,  black  pantaloons.  Six- 
teen men. 

Franklin  Hydrant  Company,  No.  3,  Jerome  Nevins, 
Foreman ;  John  S.  Ryan,  Assistant  Foreman ;  John 
Colter,  Clerk ;  Henry  M.  Orcutt,  Steward.  Uniform  — 
black  caps,  red  and  blue  shirts,  black  pantaloons,  with 
patent  leather  leggins.  Thirty-six  men. 

Suffolk  Hydrant  Company,  No.  5,  William  H.  Ford, 
Foreman ;  Benjamin  F.  Reed,  Assistant  Foreman ;  Sam- 
uel E.  Ross,  Clerk ;  Silas  Lovell,  Steward.  Uniform  — 
scarlet  caps,  blue  shirts,  black  pantaloons.  Twenty 
men. 

Deluge  Hydrant  Company,  No.  6,  Joseph  Barnes, 
Foreman ;  Thomas  B.  Tilton,  Assistant  Foreman ;  Wal- 
ter R.  Hill,  Clerk ;  Horatio  Ely,  Steward.  Uniform  — 


142  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

blue  caps,  red  shirts  with  blue  facings,  black  pantaloons. 
Twenty-two  men. 

Franklin  Hook  and  Ladder  Company,  No.  3,  Orlando 
F.  Marshal,  Foreman;  George  W.  Warren,  Assistant 
Foreman;  James  F.  Marston,  Clerk;  Ezra  0.  Farrar, 
Steward.  Uniformed  in  good  taste.  Eighteen  men. 

Their  carriage  was  beautifully  decorated  with  bunt- 
ing, flowers  and  flags,  and  conspicuous  in  front  was 
displayed  a  life-size  bust  of  Benjamin  Franklin.  On 
one  side  of  the  carriage  was  an  axe,  in  the  handle  of 
which  was  inserted  a  neat  silver  plate,  bearing  an 
inscription,  indicating  that  it  was  in  the  hands  of 
Charles  T.  Warren,  at  the  time  he  was  killed  while  on 
duty  as  a  member  of  the  company,  at  the  fire  in  North 
Street,  on  the  afternoon  of  the  twenty-ninth  of  July, 
1856. 

The  fire  department  closed  its  display  as  it  com- 
menced, with  a  delegation  of  fire  police. 

At  this  point  of  the  procession  there  was  music 
by  the  Salem  Brass  Band,  Mr.  P.  S.  Gilmore,  leader. 

Colonel  NEWELL  A.  THOMPSON,  Chief  Marshal,  accom- 
panied by  his  aids,  Messrs.  Otis  Kimball,  William  S. 
King,  James  Dana,  William  W.  Baker,  William  W. 
Clapp,  Jr.,  E.  W.  Pike,  Joseph  F.  Hovey,  Alexander  Boyd, 
David  F.  McGilvray,  and  J.  Willard  Rice,  all  mounted 
upon  horses,  and  wearing  chapeaus,  blue  sashes,  and 
other  appropriate  insignia,  came  next  in  order. 


PROCESSION.  143 

The  various  divisions  into  which  the  procession  was 
arranged  then  appeared,  ha  the  following  order :  — 

THE    FIRST   DIVISION. 

This  was  preceded  by  Colonel  Asa  Law,  bearing  the 
standard.  The  division  was  under  the  immediate  direc- 
tion of  General  JOHN  S.  TYLER,  marshal,  and  his  aids, 
Messrs.  Charles  H.  Appleton  and  Frederic  W.  Lin- 
coln; all  of  whom  were  on  horseback.  It  comprised 
the  City  Government,  the  Committee  of  Arrangements, 
the  Franklin  Statue  Committee,  those  who  were  to 
take  a  special  part  in  the  exercises  and  ceremonies  of 
inauguration,  the  invited  guests,  and  other  official  per- 
sonages, and  was  flanked  by  the  Ancient  and  Honor- 
able Artillery  Company,  in  uniform,  with  side  arms, 
under  their  commander,  Colonel  Marshall  P.  Wilder. 
The  order  was  as  follows:  — 

The  Chief  of  Police,  Mr.  Daniel  J.  Coburn,  mounted 
on  a  black  horse,  with  Captains  William  D.  Eaton  and 
George  M.  King,  as  his  aids,  on  white  horses. 

His  Honor  Alexander  H.  Rice,  Mayor  of  the  City ; 
Hon.  Robert  C.  Winthrop,  the  orator  of  the  occasion ; 
Frederic  W.  Lincoln,  Jr.,  Esq.,  President  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts Charitable  Mechanic  Association ;  and  Rev. 
George  W.  Blagden,  chaplain;  in  an  open  barouche, 
drawn  by  six  gray  horses. 

Following  this    barouche  were    the    Committee   of 


144  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Arrangements  of  the  City  Council,  represented  by  Mr. 
Farnham  Plummer,  the  chairman,  and  others ;  the  mem- 
bers of  the  two  branches  of  the  City  Government ;  the 
members  of  the  Franklin  Statue  Committee,  and  sev- 
eral distinguished  citizens  and  strangers.  The  above 
were  arranged  in  carriages,  nearly  as  follows :  — 

Hon.  Nathan  Appleton;  Hon.  William  Appleton; 
Professor  Robert  Hare,  of  Philadelphia;  and  Reuben 
Reed,  Esq. 

Hon.  Edward  Everett ;  Hon.  Josiah  Quincy,  Senior ; 
Hon.  Stephen  Fairbanks ;  and  Hon.  Jared  Sparks. 

Hon.  Charles  Wells ;  Dr.  Jacob  Bigelow ;  George  G. 
Smith,  Esq.;  and  Isaac  Harris,  Esq. 

Rev.  James  Walker,  President  of  Harvard  College ; 
Hon.  James  Savage  ;  and  the  Right  Rev.  Manton  East- 
burn. 

Col.  Benjamin  Loring;  Hon.  Richard  Frothingham, 
ex-Mayor  of  Charlestown ;  Theophilus  R.  Marvin,  Esq. ; 
and  Nathaniel  B.  ShurtlefE 

Hon.  David  Sears ;  James  Clark,  Esq. ;  and  Thomas 
Blanchard,  Esq. 

Henry  N.  Hooper,  Esq.;  James  Lawrence,  Esq.; 
John  Cowdin,  Esq.;  and  John  H.  Thorndike,  Esq. 

Other  members  of  the  City  Government  and  of 
the  Statue  Committee  not  mentioned  above,  were  in 
other  positions,  or  joined  the  procession  in  more  active 
capacities;  among  these  were  Hon.  Osmyn  Brewster, 
L.  M.  Standish,  Esq.,  Joseph  L.  Bates,  Esq.,  Charles  G. 


PROCESSION.  145 

King,  Esq.,  Otis  Tufts,  Esq.,  Daniel  N.  Haskell,  Esq.,  and 
Epes  Sargent,  Esq. 

Col.  Thomas  Aspinwall,  Major  J.  Grafton,  Capt. 
Hough,  and  Lieut.  Rice,  veterans  of  the  war  of  1812. 

The  American  Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences,  incor- 
porated in  1780,  followed  next.  This  is  the  only 
society  now  existing  in  Massachusetts  of  which  Frank- 
lin was  a  member. 

The  foregoing  were  flanked  by  the  Ancient  and 
Honorable  Artillery  Company,  bearing  side  arms  only. 

Next  came  His  Excellency  Henry  J.  Gardner,  with 
two  aids-de-camp,  Messrs.  George  M.  Thacher  and  Itha- 
inar  F.  Conkey ;  and  John  M.  Clark,  Esq.,  High  Sheriff 
of  Suffolk,  in  a  barouche  drawn  by  four  gray  horses ; 
the  Independent  corps  of  Cadets,  Lieutenant  Colonel 
Thomas  C.  Amory  commanding,  acting  as  body  guard. 

Next  followed  in  carriages,  His  Honor  Henry  W. 
Benchley,  Lieutenant  Governor,  with  two  of  the  aids- 
de-camp  of  the  Governor,  Messrs.  J.  Franklin  Bates, 
and  Jonas  H.  French ;  and  Ebenezer  W.  Stone,  the 
Adjutant  General  of  the  Commonwealth. 

The  members  of  the  Executive  Council  in  carriages. 

The  members  of  the  last  Legislature,  in  carriages. 

Ex  Mayors  of  the  City,  and  the  reverend  clergy. 

The  Professors  and  other  instructors  of  Harvard 
College,  Commissioners  and  Trustees  of  the  Public 
Library  of  the  City,  and  the  other  official  personages, 
as  indicated  in  the  program. 

19 


146  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Hon.  Samuel  H.  Walley,  Hon.  Anson  Burlingame, 
and  other  Representatives  and  ex-Representatives  in 
Congress,  from  Massachusetts. 

The  Count  de  Sartiges,  the  French  Minister,  and 
members  of  his  suite. 

Gen.  Robles,  the  Mexican  Minister. 

The  Mayors  and  members  of  the  City  Governments 
of  Roxbury,  Charlestown,  Salem,  Lowell,  Cambridge, 
and  other  cities. 

The  United  States  Navy  was  represented  by  Pursers 
Bates  and  Slamm,  and  Lieut.  Kimberly,  and  by  Lieut 
Jones,  of  the  Marine  Corps,  and  Dr.  Suddards. 

THE    SECOND    DIVISION. 

This  division  was  under  the  direction  of  Colonel 
THOMAS  E.  CHICKERING,  marshal,  and  his  aids,  Messrs. 
Charles  G.  King,  Granville  Mears,  Josiah  B.  Richardson 
and  Abel  Tompkins,  all  on  horseback,  with  suitable 
badges  and  decorations.  The  division  comprised  a 
very  considerable  portion  of  the  mechanics  and  me- 
chanical trades  of  Boston. 

This  division  was  one  of  the  great  features  of  the 
procession,  and  excited  more  general  interest  than  any 
other  portion  of  the  array,  partly  on  account  of  its 
extensiveness,  and  chiefly  for  its  general  diversity  and 
peculiarities. 

First  appeared  the  members  of  the  Massachusetts 


PROCESSION.  147 

Charitable  Mechanic  Association,  led  off  by  Vice  Presi- 
dent Joseph  M.  Wightman,  and  Secretary  Joseph  L. 
Bates.  The  Association  appeared  finely,  although  many 
of  its  members  filled  conspicuous  stations  in  other  parts 
of  the  procession.  One  of  the  members  bore  in  the 
front  ranks  a  beautiful  silk  banner,  with  the  inscription, 

MASSACHUSETTS    CHARITABLE    MECHANIC     ASSOCIATION. 
PRESENTED    BY    SAMUEL   T.    ARMSTRONG,  JUNE   17,  1843. 

Upon  the  reverse  was  the  name  of  the  association  and 
the  words, 

FOUNDED    1795.     INCORPORATED    IN    1806. 
BE  JUST,  AND    FEAR   NOT. 

There  were  not  less  than  two  hundred  men  in  this 
body.  Several  of  the  aged  and  infirm  members  of  the 
association  rode  in  three  elegant  barouches;  among 
whom  were  Messrs.  Robert  Bacon,  Josiah  Robbins, 
Jonathan  Loring,  Thomas  Townsend,  Nathaniel  Faxon 
and  Ezra  Dyer. 

Next  followed  the  mechanical  trades,  making  a  most 
remarkable  display,  in  nearly  the  following  order,  with 
a  great  profusion  of  ornaments,  badges  and  appropri- 
ate emblems. 

A  car,  covered  with  a  canopy  of  flags  and  other 
drapery,  containing  sixteen  children  representing  a  vil- 
lage school,  and  inscribed  with  the  names  of  the  Adams, 
Normal,  Dwight,  and  Lawrence  schools,  commenced 


148  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 


very  appropriately  this   part  of  the  procession.     The 
following  mottoes  were  on  the  car:  — 


FREE    SCHOOLS    ARE     THE     FORTIFICATIONS     OF     OUR 
INDEPENDENT    GOVERNMENT. 

WE   HONOR    FRANKLIN. 
WE   REMEMBER    OUR    SCHOOL    DAYS    WITH    PLEASURE. 

This  car,  like  many  others,  attracted  much  notice, 
and  the  little  pupils,  in  their  neat  attire,  with  joyous 
faces,  and  intelligence  peering  from  their  bright  eyes, 
seemed  to  be  perfectly  delighted  with  their  novel  posi- 
tion. The  car  was  fitted  up  with  newly  improved 
school  furniture,  by  Mr.  William  G.  Shattuck. 

Another  carriage  contained  numerous  convenient 
and  useful  specimens  of  school  furniture,  from  Mr. 
William  0.  Haskell,  141  North  Street,  with  the  inscrip- 
tions, on  a  large  blackboard, 

EDUCATION    LESSENS    TAXATION. 
FREE    SCHOOLS    MAKE    FREE    MEN. 

Then  followed  the  artizans  from  the  Ames  Manu- 
facturing Company,  of  Chicopee,  to  the  number  of 
one  hundred  and  seventy-five,  under  the  marshalship 
of  Mr.  William  Barnes.  At  their  establishment  the 
statue  of  Franklin  was  cast.  They  had  with  them  a 
beautiful  banner,  trimmed  with  rich  flowers,  and  sev- 
eral pyramids  of  wares  —  one  of  the  latter  consisting 


PROCESSION.  149 

of  swords,  and  other  edged  weapons,  arranged  on  black 
velvet,  with  scabbards  and  handles  of  the  most  costly 
descriptions;  another  consisted  of  specimens  of  the 
splendid  silver  ware  manufactured  by  the  company, 
including  a  vegetable  dish  worth  about  four  hundred 
dollars.  There  were  also  borne  on  the  shoulders  of 
men  statuettes  in  bronze  of  Webster  and  Washington, 
and  a  medallion  of  Franklin.  Several  others  of  the 
workmen  carried  a  miniature  brass  cannon. 

The  South  Reading  Band. 

The  Society  of  the  Bakers  of  Boston,  numbering 
two  hundred,  was  next  in  order,  under  the  marshalship 
of  Mr.  Jesse  Maynard.  Their  banner  bore  the  words, 

PRAISE   GOD    FOR   ALL   THINGS. 

UNITED    WE    STAND,   WHILE   FRIENDSHIP  's    OUR   TIE. 
SEVER   THIS    BOND    AND    WE   WILL   DEE; 

and  it  was  adorned  with  descriptive  emblems,  such  as 
sheaves,  scales,  and  loaves  of  bread,  and  tastefully 
mounted  with  gold  fringe.  It  was  borne  by  Mr.  Patrick 
Finley  and  his  two  boys. 

After  the  journeymen  bakers  came  the  employers, 
uniformed  with  resetted  sashes,  followed  by  a  car, 
drawn  by  four  horses,  and  decorated  with  streamers, 
containing  twelve  men  attired  in  white  aprons,  with 
bare  arms,  at  work  amid  flour  and  bread,  under  the 
direction  of  Mr.  Charles  Eaton.  In  the  same  car  was  a 


150  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

cracker-making  machine  and  barrels  of  flour,  and  as  it 
moved  along  the  streets  the  bakers  dispensed  crackers 
and  various  kinds  of  cake  among  the  crowd. 

Next  came  a  representation  from  the  Boston  Sugar 
Refinery.  They  had  a  car,  drawn  by  eight  horses, 
loaded  with  barrels  of  the  various  brands  of  sugar 
prepared  at  the  establishment.  Two  hundred  of  the 
men  employed  in  the  works  appeared  in  the  procession, 
wearing  white  aprons  fastened  at  the  waist  by  blue 
ribbons,  with  Mr.  Frederic  Pease  for  their  marshal. 

Immediately  after  the  sugar  refiners  followed  a 
wagon  belonging  to  Messrs.  Stickney  &  Poor,  No.  8 
Chatham  Row,  drawn  by  four  horses,  and  filled  with 
coffee,  mustard  and  prepared  spices. 

Mr.  Ziba  Stearns,  grocer,  Nos.  84  and  86  Kneeland 
Street,  had  a  wagon  loaded  with  ale  and  lager  beer. 

A  car  containing  furniture  polish,  manufactured  by 
Mr.  Daniel  H.  Shirley,  No.  197  Washington  Street, 
attracted  considerable  notice.  It  contained  a  mam- 
moth bottle,  ten  feet  high,  duly  labelled,  drawn  by 
four  horses. 

Messrs.  William  H.  Maine  &  Co.,  soapstone  workers, 
exhibited  various  specimens  of  sinks,  tubs,  registers, 
and  other  household  apparatus,  in  a  wagon  drawn  by 
two  horses. 

Following  this  was  a  car  drawn  by  four  black  horses, 
representing  the  establishment  of  Messrs.  Baldwin  & 
Emerson,  freestone  workers. 


PROCESSION.  151 

A  wagon  similarly  loaded  bore  the  name  of  Mr. 
C.  H.  Foran,  and  came  next. 

From  Messrs.  Clark  &  Hunt,  with  a  star  spangled 
canopy,  a  wagon  containing  specimens  of  stencil  plate 
workmanship,  followed  in  order. 

Next  followed  a  car  from  the  Connecticut  North 
River  Flagstone  and  Freestone  Manufactory,  drawn 
by  four  horses,  with  a  bracket  carved  from  freestone. 

Next  in  the  line  was  a  car  from  the  South  Bos- 
ton Iron  Foundry,  on  which  was  drawn,  by  five  fine 
horses,  a  large  cannon,  of  nine  inch  bore,  and  weighing 
9,200  pounds,  cast  for  Said  Pasha,  for  the  steamship 
"Voyageur  de  la  Mer,"  by  Mr.  George  A.  Stone;  also 
two  bronze  four  pound  cannon,  and  a  pile  of  ten- 
inch  bomb-shells,  with  specimens  of  gearing.  From 
ttye  car  floated  the  American  ensign.  Following  the 
car  were  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  employees,  car- 
rying a  banner,  showing  the  date  of  the  establishment 
of  the  business,  which  was  hi  1827.  On  their  banner 
was  the  motto :  — 

IRON   MORE   USEFUL   THAN    GOLD. 

Two  cars  from  the  Bay  State  Iron  Works  of  South 
Boston,  with  fine  specimens  of  iron  ore,  pig  iron,  and 
car  rails.  Following  the  car  were  about  three  hundred 
employees,  dressed  with  black  pantaloons,  blue  shirts, 
and  wearing  belts,  and  hat  band  badges,  under  the 
marshalship  of  Mr.  John  Reed.  In  their  ranks  was 


152  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

borne  the  American  ensign,  and  a  banner  with  the 
significant  motto :  — 

WE   HANDLE    OUR   TOOLS    WITHOUT   MITTENS. 

A  car  from  the  Boston  Chain  Works,  filled  with 
chains  of  various  sizes,  was  drawn  by  sixteen  horses. 

From  the  Boston  Locomotive  Works  were  two  hun- 
dred men  with  banners,  the  first  inscribed  with  the 
word  "Machinists."  Another  banner  bore  a  portrait 
of  Franklin,  and  underneath  it,  "The  Mechanic  and 
Philosopher."  Another  had  the  motto :  — 

"HE  THAT   HATH   A   TRADE  HATH   AN   ESTATE." Franklin. 

A  beautifully  constructed  and  ornamented  locomotive, 
named  "  Franklin,"  on  a  large  car  drawn  by  twenty-four 
horses,  attested  the  skill  of  the  workmen.  From  the 
same  works  was  a  car  loaded  with  ponderous  iron  car 
wheels,  drawn  by  twelve  powerful  horses. 

From  the  Globe  Locomotive  Works  were  one  hun- 
dred and  fifty  men,  accompanying  an  elegant  and 
highly  finished  locomotive,  drawn  by  ten  horses.  They 
bore  a  beautiful  banner  of  pink  silk,  trimmed  with 
gold. 

The  next  car  was  drawn  by  eight  large  horses,  and 
represented  the  establishment  of  Mr.  Harrison  Loring, 
South  Boston,  stationary  and  marine  engine  builder. 
It  contained  a  machine  manufactured  to  order  for  a 


PROCESSION.  153 

sugar  plantation  in  the  West  Indies.  On  the  car 
were  the  subjoined  mottoes :  — 

MECHANIC     ARTS WITHOUT     THEM     THERE     CAN    BE 

NEITHER    CIVILIZATION  NOR   WEALTH. 

MANUFACTURES  AND  COMMERCE  MAKE  A  NATION  RICH. 

A  negro  was  tending  the  mill,  putting  a  cane  in  with 
one  hand,  and  in  the  other  holding  a  card,  on  which 
was  written, "  I  feeds  it." 

Immediately  following  was  a  truck  drawn  by  three 
horses,  elegantly  caparisoned,  from  the  establishment 
of  Messrs.  Edwards,  Fernald  &  Kershaw,  loaded  with 
splendid  iron  safes,  and  succeeded  by  thirty  workmen. 

Next  in  order  was  the  Union  Safe  of  Messrs.  John  E. 
Wilder  &  Co.,  No.  25  Merchants  Row.  Their  carriage 
contained  four  safes,  one  large  and  very  beautiful, 
labelled  "the  Union  safe;"  the  others  of  various  pat- 
terns, but  all  of  neat  style  and  excellent  workmanship. 
The  car  was  drawn  by  four  horses,  and  was  decorated 
with  evergreen  and  American  flags. 

A  large  caravan  from  the  establishment  of  Messrs. 
Denio  &  Roberts,  corner  of  Causeway  and  Friend 
Streets,  contained  three  large  and  very  fine  safes  of 
excellent  manufacture.  There  were,  also,  about  fifty 
men  from  this  establishment,  and  another  car  loaded 
with  manufactured  iron. 

From  Messrs.  Smith  &  Lovett  was  a  car  containing 
finished  edge  tools,  a  forge,  vise  and  anvil,  with  men  at 

20 


154  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

work  in  leathern  aprons,  and  producing,  in  a  fine  man- 
ner, the  a  anvil  chorus  "  for  the  benefit  of  the  numerous 
spectators.  On  banners  borne  in  this  car  were  the  fol- 
lowing mottoes :  — 

HANDLE   YOUR   TOOLS    WITHOUT   MITTENS. 
DILIGENCE   IS    THE   MOTHER    OF    GOOD    LUCK. 

The  next  car  was  that  of  Messrs.  James  J.  Wai- 
worth  &  Co.,  of  Nos.  18  and  22  Devonshire  Street, 
engineers  and  iron  tube  manufacturers,  drawn  by  six 
horses  with  plumes  on  their  heads.  This  was  fitted 
up  with  gas  fixtures,  pipes,  and  various  other  articles 
of  manufacture,  elegantly  draped,  and  bore  the  well 
chosen  inscription, 

PRACTICAL,    NOT   POLITICAL,   PIPE-LAYERS. 

The  banner  floating  from  the  top  had  the  words  "  Light 
and  heat,"  as  indicative  of  the  nature  of  their  busi- 
ness. About  one  hundred  and  twenty  men  appeared 
in  the  line  with  this  car. 

Next,  a  car  from  the  New  England  Gas  Pipe  Com- 
pany, Mr.  Josiah  B.  Richardson,  Agent,  loaded  with 
chandeliers  and  elegant  gas  fixtures,  and  drawn  by 
two  horses. 

Among  the  most  interesting  objects  in  the  pro- 
cession was  the  carriage  which  followed  the  one  just 
described.  It  was  a  large  car,  or  canopy,  fitted  up  in 
a  superior  style  of  elegance,  and  contained  the  first 


PROCESSION.  155 

grand  piano  by  the  late  Mr.  Jonas  Chickering,  in  the 
year  1824.  On  the  car  were  inscribed  these  lines :  — 

MUSIC    EXALTS   EACH   JOY,   ALLAYS    EACH    GRIEF, 
EXPELS   DISEASES,    SOFTENS    EVERY   PAIN, 
BIDS   EVERY   PASSION   REVEL   OR   BE   STILL. 

The  Salem  Bay  State  Band  accompanied  the  display 
of  the  Chickerings,  and  in  the  ranks  of  the  employees 
was  borne  a  beautiful  and  richly  ornamented  silk  ban- 
ner, with  orange-colored  fringe,  bearing  the  inscription 
on  one  side, 

CHICKERING     &    SONS,   PIANO-FORTE    MAKERS,    ESTAB- 
LISHED  BY   JONAS    CHICKERING   IN   1803. 

Then  followed  two  elegant  barouches,  each  drawn  by 
four  black  horses,  for  the  accommodation  of  workmen 
advanced  in  years,  and  no  longer  able  to  do  active 
duty.  In  one  of  these  was  a  person  eighty-four  years 
old.  On  the  driver's  seat  of  one  of  the  barouches  sat 
a  miniature  model  of  a  gentleman  of  the  old  school. 
Then  came  the  second  car,  covered  with  a  canopy  of 
white  and  pink,  with  two  new  grand  pianos,  and  thus 
inscribed :  — 

WORK   FOR   SOME   GOOD,  BE   IT   EVER    SO    SLOWLY ; 
CHERISH   SOME   FLOWER,  BE    IT    EVER    SO    LOWLY  J 

LABOR!  ALL  LABOR  is  NOBLE  AND  HOLY. 


156  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

seven  of  the  employees,  and  immediately  after  them 
another  car  containing  the  last  grand  piano-forte  made 
at  the  establishment. 

From  Messrs.  Hallett,  Davis  &  Co.  was  a  car  with 
pillars  of  gold  and  blue,  splendidly  draped,  and  drawn 
by  six  black  horses.  In  the  car  were  two  pianos,  of 
strange  and  amusing  contrast  in  their  looks  and  qual- 
ity, as  would  be  inferred  from  the  following  explana- 
tory descriptions :  "  This  piano  made  one  hundred  and 
eighty-seven  years  before  Franklin's  birth."  "  This 
piano  made  one  hundred  and  fifty  years  after  Frank- 
lin's birth."  Upon  the  ancient  instrument  leaned  an 
individual  dressed  in  the  style  of  the  time  in  which 
it  was  used.  Accompanying  this  display  were  one 
hundred  and  seventy-five  men  from  the  manufactory, 
and  a  barouche  occupied  by  the  proprietors. 

Next  came  a  car  drawn  by  four  white  horses,  with 
crimson  plumes,  containing  a  representation  from  the 
journeymen  hatters.  On  a  banner  borne  by  them  was 
inscribed, 

ST.   CLEMENT,   THE   FOUNDER    OF   FELT, 

with  a  picture  of  the  patron  saint.  In  a  car  operations 
in  this  department  of  industry  were  actively  carried 
on,  and  the  people  were  initiated  into  the  mysteries 
of  the  art.  Attached  to  the  canopy  over  the  car  was 
the  motto :  — 

WE   ASSIST   EACH    OTHER   IN    TIME    OF   NEED. 


PROCESSION.  157 

There  was  also  a  car  drawn  by  four  horses  upon  which 
was  inscribed  these  mottoes :  — 


WE   UNITE   TO    SUSTAIN. 

THE  INTERESTS  OF  EMPLOYERS  AND  JOURNEYMEN  ARE 
INSEPARABLE. 

This  was  followed  by  seventy-five  hatters,  carrying  a 
banner  with  the  following:  — 

WE    CROWN    THE   HEADS    OF    THE    SOVEREIGN   PEOPLE. 


A  car  from  Messrs.  W.  F.  Shaw  &  Co.,  finely  cano- 
pied and  trimmed,  was  drawn  by  four  horses,  and 
contained  gas  stoves,  chandeliers,  and  much  other  ele- 
gant work.  In  the  same  car  was  a  work-bench,  with 
tools  and  workmen. 

A  wagon  came  next,  drawn  by  a  single  horse,  from 
the  gas  fitting  establishment  of  Messrs.  S.  A.  Stetson  & 
Co.,  No.  350  Washington  Street.  It  contained  splendid 
specimens  of  various  kinds  of  gas  pipes,  chandeliers, 
&c.  Another  carriage  from  the  same  establishment 
contained  a  number  of  men  industriously  at  work  at 
their  trade. 

The  Boston  Cordwainers'  Association  appeared  next, 
represented  by  about  one  hundred  and  fifty  members, 
wearing  badges  of  blue,  with  the  banner  of  then* 
society,  and  also  carrying  in  their  ranks  an  American 
ensign. 


158  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

The  pump  and  block  makers  had  with  them  a  huge 
car,  covered  with  blocks,  pumps,  steering  wheels,  and 
various  other  articles  of  their  manufacture,  and  on  the 
opposite  sides  appeared  two  tackle  blocks,  one  of  the 
olden  time  contrasted  with  one  of  the  present  day.  A 
delegation  of  about  fifty  persons  followed  on  foot,  with 
badges. 

Messrs.  Chase  Brothers  &  Co.,  No.  383  Washington 
Street,  exhibited  a  car,  drawn  by  four  horses,  contain- 
ing some  of  the  most  beautiful  specimens  of  their 
manufacture  of  iron  ware,  over  the  top  of  which  a 
very  large  spread  eagle  was  displayed.  The  elegant 
iron  railing,  vases,  and  fine  ornamental  statues  of  vari- 
ous descriptions  which  grace  their  store  furnished  the 
means  of  making  a  very  pleasing  display  on  this  occa- 
sion. 

A  model  of  Simpson's  patent  dry  dock,  East  Boston, 
was  represented  on  a  car,  and  was  accompanied  by  a 
large  body  of  shipwrights.  With  them  was  a  very  fine 
model  of  a  full  rigged  clipper  ship,  by  Mr.  William 
Sheriffs,  which  attracted  great  attention. 

The  shipwrights  and  caulkers,  numbering  fifty-five 
men,  with  a  banner  used  at  the  reception  of  Washing- 
ton in  Boston,  and  in  the  procession  on  the  occasion 
of  his  funeral  eulogy. 

The  clothes  drying  machines  of  Mr.  John  H.  Evans, 
of  Cambridgeport,  and  a  wagon  filled  with  Messrs.  Chaf- 
fee  &  Co.'s  charcoal  followed  in  course. 


PROCESSION.  159 

The  next  in  order  was  the  United  Benevolent  Jour- 
neymen Tailors'  Society,  consisting  of  about  three  hun- 
dred men,  bearing  a  banner  on  which  was  inscribed, 

FOUNDED   IN    1806. 
AND    THEY    SEWED    FIG   LEAVES   TOGETHER. 

With  an  emblem  of  Love  making  overtures  to  Hatred. 
Upon  a  large  banner  was  displayed, 

WE   AID   EACH  OTHER. 
WE    CLOTHE    THE    NAKED. 

With   a   representation  of  a  rustic  scene  and  sheep- 
shearing. 

Next  came  a  carriage  arranged  like  a  ready-made 
clothing  establishment,  from  Oak  Hall,  upon  a  platform 
of  which  was  arranged  children's  clothing,  in  every 
variety,  and  the  mottoes, 

DRIVE   THY   BUSINESS LET   NOT   THAT   DRIVE   THEE. 

LARGE    SALES    AND    SMALL    PROFITS. 
NO    GAINS    WITHOUT    PAINS. 

A  car  bearing  a  fine  wooden  model  of  the  new 
public  library,  supported  on  Corinthian  capitals,  made 
by  Messrs.  Fracke  &  Jones,  Mr.  Charles  K.  Kirby 
being  the  architect.  The  model  was  extremely  well 
made,  and  attracted  much  notice  from  the  spectators. 


160  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

The  masons  and  bricklayers  of  Boston,  numbering 
about  one  hundred  and  twenty,  followed  next,  with  a 
banner  having  on  one  side  a  painting  of  the  old 
Franklin  house,  on  Milk  Street,  and  on  the  reverse  a 
representation  of  a  building  in  process  of  erection, 
with  builders'  tools,  and  all  the  kinds  of  apparatus 
generally  used.  On  the  same  banner  were  the  sub- 
joined inscriptions :  — 

BENJAMIN     FRANKLIN,    SON     OF     JOSIAH    AND     ABIAH 

FRANKLIN,    BORN     JANUARY,    1706,    DIED     APRIL,    1790, 

AGED    S4£  YEARS. 

THE  TOWN  OF  BOSTON,  IN  APRIL,  1691,  GRANTED 
LIBERTY  TO  JOSIAH  FRANKLIN  TO  ERECT  A  BUILDING 
EIGHT  FEET  SQUARE,  NEAR  THE  SOUTH  MEETING- 
HOUSE. THE  OLD  FRANKLIN  HOUSE  WAS  BURNED 
DEC.  29TH  1810. 

On  another  banner  was  a  representation  of  the  ele- 
gant granite  warehouse  now  occupying  the  site  of  the 
old  Franklin  house.  Then  followed  two  barouches, 
each  drawn  by  four  horses,  and  occupied  by  retired 
master  masons ;  among  whom  were  Messrs.  Robert 
Marsh,  Mordecai  L.  Wallis,  Caleb  Metcalf,  Thomas  Til- 
den,  and  Ward  Litchfield,  with  several  other  very  aged 
members  of  the  craft 

The  cigar  makers  had  a  car,  with  four  white  horses, 
in  which  the  different  branches  of  the  manufacture  of 
cigars  was  carried  on  by  workmen  and  girls,  followed 


PROCESSION.  161 

by  seventy  workmen  on  foot     There  was  on  the  car  a 
flag,  with  the  inscription, 


It  bore  the  emblem  of  a  hand  holding  out  a  quantity 
of  tobacco.  On  the  car  were  suspended  very  large 
tobacco  leaves  and  gigantic  cigars. 

Messrs.  James  G.  Blake  &  Co.,  No.  12  Cornhill,  made 
a  fine  display.  They  exhibited  two  cars  —  one  drawn 
by  four  horses,  loaded  with  sideboards,  tables,  and  other 
furniture  of  an  elegant  description  —  while  the  second 
was  an  artistically  painted  canopy  of  costly  crimson 
hangings,  trimmed  with  gold,  forming  a  boudoir,  beneath 
which,  as  in  a  parlor,  a  group  of  gentlemen  and  ladies 
sat  around  a  table  of  a  beautiful  design. 

Messrs.  T.  K.  Very  &  Co.,  the  celebrated  farriers,  had 
a  team  with  three  horses,  loaded  with  goods. 

Mr.  Dennis  W.  Bailey,  of  No..  7  Liberty  Square,  had 
a  wagon  exhibiting  Warren's  improved  composition 
roofing,  for  which  they  are  agents.  Another  wagon 
followed,  filled  with  Warren's  fire  and  water  proof  roof- 
ing materiaL 

A  wagon  from  Mr.  D.  McB,  Thaxter's  kindling  wood 
establishment  succeeded  next  in  order. 

Messrs.  Moody,  Webber  &  Co.,  of  No.  24  Tremont 
Street,  exhibited  some  splendid  specimens  of  their 

21 


162  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

papier  mache  goods,  such  as  grapes,  cornices  and  other 
ornamental  work,  in  a  wagon. 

Next  came  the  coopers  of  Boston  and  vicinity,  num- 
bering one  hundred  and  fifty,  with  a  car  drawn  by  four 
horses,  and  containing  workmen  engaged  in  making  a 
cask,  a  job  which  they  seemed  determined  to  fully 
achieve  before  the  procession  completed  its  route.  In 
the  ranks  of  the  coopers  was  carried  a  banner  which 
was  used  by  them  at  the  festivities  attending  the 
declaration  of  peace,  in  1812.  It  was  of  silk,  and  bore 
a  picture  emblematical  of  the  trade. 

Messrs.  Winde  &  Clinkard  of  Chelsea  came  next, 
displaying  a  boat,  drawn  by  two  horses,  and  a  neat 
model  of  a  clipper  ship,  surmounted  by  an  arch,  with 
the  motto, 

WE   HONOR   THE   TRULY    GREAT. 

Mr.  H.  B.  Clinkard's  name  appeared  on  a  fine  cedar 
boat  of  six  oars,  no  less  than  fifty-three  feet  in  length, 
which  was  drawn  in  the  procession  by  two  horses. 

Another  car  followed,  drawn  by  four  white  horses. 
It  represented  the  establishment  of  Messrs.  Henry  N. 
Hooper  &  Co.,  Causeway  Street.  The  sides  of  the  car- 
riage were  of  sheet  copper.  Upon  it  was  a  monster 
bell,  weighing  3,074  pounds.  It  was  cast  at  that  estab- 
lishment. Upon  a  beautiful  silk  banner  in  the  rear 
of  a  body  of  one  hundred  and  fifty  workmen  of  this 
factory,  was  a  portrait  inscribed  with  the  name  of 


PROCESSION.  163 

"  Paul  Revere,"  and  the  banner  was  decorated  with 
crimson  drapery.  Some  of  the  members  of  the  firm 
rode  in  an  elegant  barouche. 

Then  came  the  Chelsea  Brass  Band,  followed  by  a 
deputation  from  Mr.  William  Carleton's  factory,  No.  12 
-Beach  Street,  bearing  a  silk  banner,  with  the  words, 

FRANKLIN    MADE     LIGHTNING     FIXTURES;     WE    MAKE 
FIXTURES   FOR   LIGHTING. 

The  workmen  in  this  section,  one  hundred  and  seventy- 
five  in  number,  carried  short  ornamental  gas  pipes  in 
their  hands.  Then  came  the  brass  founders,  from  the 
same  establishment 

From  Messrs.  Gavett  &  Co.,  brass  founders  and  fin- 
ishers, were  four  hundred  employees,  with  a  banner,  on 
which  was  a  portrait  of  Paul  Revere. 

A  carriage  followed  upon  which  was  a  wheel  of  a 
ship  and  other  steering  apparatus,  from  the  factory  of 
Messrs.  G.  W.  Robinson  &  Co. 

Following,  was  a  carriage  containing  samples  from 
the  store  of  Mr.  J.  Russell  Spalding,  Treinont  Row. 

The  plumbers  of  Boston,  to  the  number  of  one  hun- 
dred and  four  came  next,  bearing  a  banner  denoting 
their  trade,  and  upon  the  reverse,  "Franklin  Statue 
Inaugurated  Sept.  17,  1856." 

Next  came  a  wagon  from  the  establishment  of  Mr. 
B.  F.  Dudley,  plumber,  No.  66  Harrison  Avenue,  con- 
taining specimens  of  plumbing  work,  faucets,  &c. 


164  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Immediately  following  was  a  carriage  with  four 
white  horses,  from  the  American  Steam  Guage  Com- 
pany, Boston,  containing  a  large  and  fine  specimen 
of  work  from  the  establishment. 

Then  came  the  silversmiths  and  jewelers,  bearing  a 
banner,  with  gorgeous  trappings  of  gold  and  jewelry, 
of  considerable  value,  designed  by  Mr.  J.  M.  Ford.  In 
the  ranks  of  the  jewelers  was  a  pyramid,  covered  with 
black  velvet,  and  ornamented  with  bouquets,  on  which 
was  a  variety  of  silver  wares.  A  car,  however,  was  the 
great  feature  in  this  part  of  the  procession.  This  was 
the  boat  sleigh  body  known  as  the  "Northern  Light," 
and  was  handsomely  decorated  and  drawn  by  six  of 
Mr.  Gipson's  best  horses,  and  contained  many  of  the 
principal  masters  of  the  two  trades.  Rising  above  all 
else  in  this  car  was  a  pyramidal  tower,  ornamented 
with  flowers  and  covered  with  silver  ware  and  jewelry, 
estimated  to  be  worth  from  $25,000  to  $30,000,  in- 
cluding the  magnificent  silver  trumpets  from  Messrs. 
Harding  &  Co.,  which  were  to  be  awarded  to  the  suc- 
cessful competitors  for  the  firemen's  prizes.  Besides 
these  there  were  massive  silver  pitchers,  urns,  trays, 
goblets,  numerous  gold  watches,  lockets,  chains,  and  a 
great  profusion  of  rich  jewelry,  the  whole  forming  a 
spectacle  of  dazzling  magnificence.  On  the  front  end 
of  the  car  was  a  solid  gold  head  of  Franklin,  and  on 
the  other  a  silver  one  of  "  rare  old  Ben,"  each  in  gilded 
frames.  A  standard  which  was  borne  by  the  silver- 


PROCESSION.  165 

smiths  on  the  occasion  of  the  last  visit  of  Washington 
to  this  city,  was  prominently  displayed.  The  silver 
trimmings  were  of  the  richest  designs  and  most  ex- 
quisite workmanship.  A  silver  banner  floated  in  the 
air,  with  the  words, 

FOUNDED    OCT.   28,   1789. 

A  superb  vase,  covered  with  black  velvet,  was  also 
ornamented  with  an  arrangement  of  various  articles  of 
silver  manufacture,  of  surpassing  richness  and  beauty, 
adding  much  to  the  show. 

Then  followed  a  coach,  finely  decorated,  drawn  by 
four  horses,  and  inscribed  with  the  name  of  Henry  N. 
Gardner,  painter.  Each  horse  was  ornamented  with  a 
small  blue  silk  flag,  and  on  the  coach  was  borne  a  white 
silk  banner. 

A  car  from  the  Boston  Bacon  Works,  with  hams  in 
barrels,  and  otherwise  prominently  displayed  about  it, 
was  drawn  by  three  horses. 

Messrs.  Dickinson  &  Murdock,  No.  30  Commercial 
Street,  wholesale  dealers  and  manufacturers  of  wooden 
ware,  had  a  wagon  loaded  with  their  goods. 

Messrs.  E.  P.  &  D.  Smith,  of  No.  69  Union  Street, 
and  Wakefield  &  Howe,  of  Nos.  29  and  30  North  Mar- 
ket Street,  also  made  a  fine  display  of  wooden  ware, 
brooms,  &c.,  on  their  cars. 

Messrs.  Watson  &  Bisbee,  of  the  corner  of  Friend 
and  Causeway  Streets,  had  upon  their  car  a  fine  display 


166  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

of   cabinet    furniture,   including   some   most   beautiful 
specimens  of  piano  legs,  and  other  manufactures. 

The  wood  turners  appeared  well,  and  had  a  very 
pretty  design,  representing  their  trade,  with  the  in- 
scription which  follows :  — 

INDUSTRY     IS    THE    PILLAR    OF    OUR    PROSPERITY,    OF 
OUR    COMFORT,   AND    THE   FOUNDATION   OF   OUR   COUN- 
TRY'S   GREATNESS. 

Next  followed  the  cars  of  the  dealers  in  furnaces, 
ranges  and  stoves. 

First,  was  the  car  of  Messrs.  Chilson,  Gould  &  Co., 
No.  101  Blackstone  Street,  with  one  of  their  cone  fur- 
naces and  fine  cast  iron  railing,  drawn  by  six  horses. 
On  the  car  appeared  the  following:  — 

THE     FIRST     AMERICAN     STOVE     WAS     INVENTED     BY 
FRANKLIN,   IN    1742. 

Second,  of  Messrs.  Pond  &  Co.,  Nos.  77  and  79  Black- 
stone  Street,  drawn  by  four  horses,  with  stoves  and 
furnaces,  and  words  indicating  that  Franklin  was  the 
inventor  of  the  famous  stove  that  still  bears  his  name. 

Third,  of  Mr.  William  G.  Harris,  Nos.  103  and  105 
Blackstone  Street,  who  had  a  fine  display  of  stoves, 
drawn  by  four  horses. 

A  fish  cart,  with  specimens  of  the  finny  tribe,  from 
the  establishment  of  Messrs.  D,  &  G.  W.  Smith,  fish- 
mongers, made  a  novel  appearance. 


PROCESSION.  167 

A  wagon,  covered  with  an  immense  umbrella,  of 
variegated  colors,  sixteen  feet  in  diameter,  with  para- 
sols attached  to  its  rim,  came  from  the  establishment 
of  Mr.  Matthew  Binney. 

A  carriage  drawn  by  four  horses  exhibited  a  fine 
show  of  cutlery  manufactured  by  Messrs.  Kingman  & 
Hassam,  No.  128  Washington  Street,  with  the  following 
inscription. 

WE  REPAIR  AND  SHARPEN  EVERYTHING  EXCEPT  THE 
PEOPLES'  CONSCIENCE. 

Next  came  a  barber's  shop,  representing  the  saloon 
of  Mr.  T.  W.  Steamburg,  No.  25  Summer  Street. 

Mr.  L.  Page,  of  South  Boston,  exhibited  a  car  cov- 
ered with  fire  proof  roofing. 

Messrs.  John  H.  Pray  &  Sons,  No.  51  Washington 
Street,  had  a  car  covered  with  elegant  carpets  of  the 
best  fabric,  manufactured  on  the  Bigelow  power  loom 
in  England,  with  the  motto, 

ENGLISH    INDUSTRY     SEEKS     THE     AID     OF    AMERICAN 
INGENUITY. 

A  car  from  Mr.  W.  Filner,  South  Boston,  trimmed 
with  flowers,  contained  workmen  making  files,  with  the 
following  motto :  — 

WE  MAKE  FILES  AS  WE  TRAVEL  ON  THIS  ROUTE, 

BUT  WE  CAN'T  MAKE  A  FILE  TO  FILE  FRANKLIN'S  NAME  OUT. 


168  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

A  car  from  Messrs.  Harden,  Spofford  &  Co.,  con- 
tained window  shades,  and  men  at  work.  On  the  car 
was  a  representation  of  the  old  Franklin  house  that 
formerly  stood  in  Milk  Street. 

A  large  car  from  Messrs.  H.  H.  Winship,  Henry 
Cross,  Thomas  Sprague,  John  B.  Baker  &  Co.,  and 
James  Boyd  &  Sons,  contained  trunks,  harnesses,  sad- 
dles, fur  robes,  and  sleigh  bells.  In  the  centre  was  a 
model  of  a  horse  in  harness.  One  of  the  saddles  is 
said  to  have  been  used  by  Franklin's  mother.  On  the 
car  was  the  following  inscription  :  — 

TRY     WHAT     YOU     PLEASE,     THERE  's     NOTHING     LIKE 
LEATHER. 

In   the  same  carriage  was  a  large  American  ensign. 

A  large  car  of  agricultural  implements,  from  stores  of 
Messrs.  Nourse  &  Co.,  Nourse,  Mason  &  Co.,  and  Parker, 
White  &  Gannett,  was  drawn  by  fourteen  powerful 
oxen.  On  this  car  a  man  and  woman  were  at  work, 
operating  an  old  fashioned  churn,  to  the  great  amuse- 
ment of  the  spectators. 

Next  came  a  wagon  with  one  of  Mr.  John  Roessle's 
mammoth  lager  beer  kettles. 

Then  followed,  from  Mr.  Herman  Strater,  a  vehicle 
containing  pumps,  tea  kettles,  boilers,  and  other  copper 
articles. 

A  car  containing  Mr.  John  Putnam's  improved  spring 
beds  under  a  lace  canopy,  came  next. 


PROCESSION.  169 

Undoubtedly,  parts  of  this  extensive  division  have 
escaped  notice  in  the  above  description,  and  some  dis- 
plays have  not  received  ample  justice,  on  account  of 
the  brief  time  allotted  to  take  the  necessary  notes 
while  the  procession  was  in  motion. 

THE    THIRD    DIVISION. 

Capt.  CHARLES  0.  ROGERS,  marshal,  had  the  direction 
of  this  division,  assisted  by  his  aids,  Messrs.  Ralph  W. 
Newton,  H.  W.  Harrington,  N.  W.  Thompson,  and  Theo- 
dore H.  Dugan.  The  division  included  the  mechanical 
professions,  artists,  manufacturers,  associations  of  busi- 
ness men,  and  dealers  in  all  kinds  of  merchandize,  and 
was  preceded  by  the  Lowell  Cornet  Band. 

The  representation  by  the  printers  was  as  effective 
a  feature  as  any  in  the  procession.  The  part  of  the 
division  in  which  they  were  to  appear  was  formed  in 
Boylston  Street,  in  front  of  the  new  library  building.  It 
was  composed  principally  of  the  Franklin  Typographi- 
cal Society,  and  the  Boston  Printers'  Union.  The  for- 
mer being  much  the  oldest  organization  consists  of 
master  and  journeymen  printers,  and  has  for  its  leading 
objects  the  advancement  of  the  general  interests  of  the 
typographical  art  and  the  relief  of  its  invalid  members. 
The  latter  association,  composed  of  journeymen,  was 
instituted  principally  for  regulating  and  establishing 
the  prices  of  different  kinds  of  work,  and  printers' 

22 


170  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

wages.     Each  of  the  above  societies  appeared  with  its 
own  banner. 

The  leading  feature  of  this  part  of  the  procession 
consisted  of  two  cars,  each  of  which  was  drawn  by 
four  horses,  containing  printing  apparatus  and  material, 
and  workmen  appropriately  dressed,  designed  to  exhibit 
by  contrast  a  practical  representation  of  the  method 
of  printing  in  the  early  days  of  Franklin,  and  that  of 
the  present  day. 

On  the  first  car  was  a  wooden  screw  press,  such  as 
was  in  universal  use  when  Franklin  was  a  printer. 
This  press  had  the  appearance  of  considerable  age,  and 
bore  upon  its  screw  the  date,  1742,  and  the  initials 
T  x  D,  rudely  stamped.  It  belongs  to  the  heirs  of  the 
late  Mr.  John  Melcher,  of  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  who  died 
a  few  years  ago  at  an  advanced  age,  having  owned  it 
for  a  long  time,  and  who  often  informed  his  contempo- 
ries  that  Franklin  printed  with  it.  It  is  a  very  singu- 
lar looking  affair,  and  is  a  rare  curiosity  as  a  waymark 
in  the  progress  of  printing  machinery.  Connected 
with  the  press  were  the  usual  adjuncts  of  ink-balls  and 
bank,  of  the  same  pattern  and  style  as  those  in  use  at 
the  time  when  the  press  was  in  fashion.  Beside  the 
press  stood  an  ancient  type  stand,  said  to  have  been,  at 
one  time,  part  of  the  furniture  of  the  printing  office  of 
Mr.  James  Franklin,  and  concerning  which  it  is  related 
that  the  illustrious  Franklin  had  worked  at  it ;  and  it 
surely  was,  to  all  appearance,  old  enough  to  warrant 


PROCESSION.  171 

belief  in  such  a  statement.  Upon  the  stand  were 
arranged  cases  of  types,  with  composing  sticks,  galleys, 
and  many  of  the  usual  accompaniments  of  a  printing 
office  of  the  olden  time.  During  the  progress  of  the 
procession  the  old  press  was  worked  with  great  success, 
and  accurate  reprints,  in  the  old  style  of  typography, 
of  the  eightieth  number  of  the  Boston  Courant,  bear- 
ing date  February  4,  to  February  11, 1723,  were  turned 
off  and  distributed  from  the  car  to  the  eager  crowd, 
who  manifested  a  strong  desire  to  procure  them.  The 
original  paper  bearing  this  number  contains  the  first 
mention  of  Franklin  as  printer  and  publisher.  The 
venerable  looking  sheet  was  copied  from  the  original, 
in  the  library  of  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society, 
through  the  instrumentality  of  Messrs.  William  White 
and  Emery  N.  Moore,  enterprising  members  of  the 
typographical  profession.  Messrs.  Thomas  J.  lillie  and 
Charles  C.  Mead,  as  general  directors,  Messrs.  Hiram 
Adams  and  William  A.  Parker  as  pressmen,  and  Master 
Samuel  P.  Hunt  as  printer's  boy,  were  actively  engaged 
in  this  car,  representing  their  craftsmen  of  old,  each  of 
them  dressed  in  the  costume  usually  worn  by  printers 
in  the  year  1723.  Mr.  Samuel  Whidden,  a  very  aged 
printer,  brought  up  to  the  trade  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H., 
in  the  office  with  the  same  old  press,  and  now  a  com- 
positor in  the  office  of  Mr.  Hugh  H.  Tuttle,  in  School 
Street,  where  he  has  been  about  sixteen  years,  was  in 
another  part  of  the  procession.  On  the  sides  of  the 


172  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

car  were  the  following  words,  arranged  conspicuously 
on  tablets  in  very  large  letters :  — 

AND    GOD    SAID,   LET    THERE    BE    LIGHT,    AND    THERE 
WAS   LIGHT. 

THE   OLD   FRANKLIN   PRINTING   OFFICE,  QUEEN   STREET, 
REVIVED. 

On  the  rear  was  an  inscription  stating  that  the  press 
was  formerly  the  property  of  Mr.  Melcher.  The  fol- 
lowing lines  of  advice  to  those  who  visit  printing 
offices,  written  by  Franklin  and  suspended  in  his  office 
in  Philadelphia,  occupied  a  conspicuous  place  in  the  car. 

All  ye  who  come  this  curious  art  to  see, 

To  handle  anything  must  careful  be ; 

Lest  by  a  slight  touch,  ere  you  are  aware, 

You  may  do  mischief  which  you  can't  repair. 

Lo  !   this  advice  we  give  to  every  stranger ! 

Look  on  and  welcome,  but  to  touch  there  's  danger. 

The  office  was  decorated  with  a  pine-tree  flag,  beneath 
which  were  the  words,  taken  from  a  favorite  old  song, 

IN    GOOD    OLD    COLONY   TIMES, 
WHEN    WE   LIVED   UNDER   THE   KING. 

This  novel  exhibition  attracted  much  attention,  and 
was  frequently  and  warmly  cheered  in  its  course. 

The  Franklin  Typographical  Society,  instituted  in 
1824,  followed  next,  under  the  marshalship  of  Mr.  Ed- 
ward L.  Pike,  with  an  appropriate  banner.  Forty-one 


PROCESSION.  173 

members  of  the  society  appeared  in  the  ranks,  and 
were  distinguished  by  a  badge  prepared  for  the  occa- 
sion. Several  open  barouches,  containing  aged  and 
infirm  printers,  and  others  who  had  attained  particular 
honor  and  eminence  in  their  profession,  followed  the 
members  who  walked.  Among  those  who  rode  were 
Mr.  Richard  Boylston,  of  Amherst,  New  Hampshire,  one 
of  the  oldest  printers  in  that  state ;  Mr.  Uriel  Crocker, 
of  the  firm  of  Crocker  &  Brewster,  who  came  to  Bos- 
ton as  a  printer  more  than  forty-five  years  ago,  and 
who  has  achieved  a  most  honorable  reputation  and 
success  in  the  community ;  Mr.  Benjamin  P.  Shillaber, 
who  has  distinguished  himself  as  the  printer  poet  and 
for  his  literary  productions;  Deacon  Nathaniel  Willis, 
the  originator  of  several  successful  newspapers;  Mr. 
William  Brown,  formerly  of  the  Salem  Gazette;  Mr. 
William  W.  Clapp,  Senior,  the  founder  of  the  Saturday 
Evening  Gazette;  Mr.  George  W.  Bazin,  the  veteran 
printer  of  the  newspaper  called  the  Trumpet;  Hon. 
Nathan  Hale,  the  senior  proprietor  and  editor  of  the 
Boston  Daily  Advertiser ;  and  Hon.  John  Prentice,  of 
Keene,  New  Hampshire. 

Then  followed  in  course  another  car,  a  counterpart 
to  the  first,  exhibiting,  as  far  as  practicable,  the  contrast 
of  a  modern  printing  press  and  its  accompaniments. 
The  modern  press  was  from  the  office  of  Messrs.  J.  C. 
French  &  Brother,  in  Cornhill,  and  was  an  excellent 
specimen  of  the  famous  Hoe  cylinder,  in  capital  work- 


174  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

ing  order,  and  the  delight  of  all  who  could  appreciate  a 
good  printing  press.  The  use  of  steam,  not  being  avail- 
able, the  press  was  operated  by  means  of  a  hand- 
crank  and  wheel.  The  car  upon  which  the  press  was 
borne  was  handsomely  ornamented  with  an  eagle  and 
colors,  and  displayed  the  following  original  mottoes, 
by  Mr.  A.  Wallace  Thaxter. 

YOUNG   AMERICA.      1856. 

What  chains  the  lightning,  gyves  about  the  steam, 
Makes  a  reality  Faust's  early  dream, 
Stamps  thoughts  immortal  on  a  living  page  ? 
The  press,  the  record  of  a  passing  age. 

THE   PRINTING   PRESS    OF   TO-DAY.      1856. 

A  change  has  come  —  the  printing  press, 

No  more  restrained  by  British  bars, 
Extends  its  rays  the  land  to  bless, 

Drawing  new  glories  from  the  stars. 

The  press  was  managed  and  worked  by  the  Messrs. 
French  and  their  assistants,  who  printed  and  distributed 
the  following  verses  from  the  pen  of  Mr.  Shillaber, 
of  the  Saturday  Evening  Gazette. 

A  VERY  BRIEF  AND  VERY  COMPREHENSIVE  LIFE  OF  BEN  :  FRANK- 
LIN, PRINTER,  DONE  INTO  QUAINT  VERSE,  BY  ONE  OF  THE 
TYPES. SEPTEMBER  17TH  1856. 

Kind  friends,  just  list  to  our  ditty 

Of  one  whom  the  world  loves  to  talk  about, 

Who  was  born  in  our  tri-mountain  city, 

And  through  its  streets  used  to  walk  about. 


PROCESSION.  175 

In  Boston  he  first  saw  the  light, 

'Neath  the  shade  of  the  Old  South  steeple. 

And  his  parents,  all  say,  were  quite 
Respectable  sort  of  people. 


Old  Mr.  Franklin,  his  dad, 

Made  candles  to  light  all  creation; 
And  naturally  destined  the  lad 

To  follow  the  same  avocation  — 


To  deal  in  candles  and  soaps, 

Thus  light  and  cleanness  dispensing :  — 
Our  sight  to  the  wisdom  opes 

Of  this  way  of  Franklin's  commencing : 


Those  candles  prefigured  the  mind 

To  break  through  the  darkness  o'ershading; 
Those  soaps  the  wisdom  refined 

To  cleanse  men  of  errors  pervading. 


He  was  much  as  other  boys  are, 

And  loved  to  play  with  the  rest  of  'em ; 

In  all  of  their  sports  took  a  share, 

And  wrestled  and  ran  with  the  best  of  'em. 


We  are  told  that  he  stole  some  stone 
To  make  a  wharf  to  his  wishing, 

Where  Haymarket  Square  has  grown, 
The  better  to  do  his  fishing. 


He  drew  down  his  father's  ire, 
On  a  string,  because  he  made  it, 

Just  as  he  did  heaven's  fire 
In  after  years  as  he  bade  it. 


176  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

He  read  in  his  bed  at  night, 

And  studied  summer  and  winter, 

When,  seeing  his  Benny  so  bright, 
His  father  made  him  a  printer. 


He  bound  him  out  to  his  brother, 
A  churlish  fellow,  they  say, 

And  one  quarrel  followed  another, 
Till  Benjamin  ran  away. 


He  went  to  the  Quaker  city 

In  a  Philadelphia  packet, 
His  mind  undimmed  and  witty, 

And  a  true  heart  'neath  his  jacket. 


He  printed,  and  spouted,  and  throve, 
And  nobody  could  but  like  him ; 

He  went  overhead  in  love 

With  a  Read  that  chanced  to  strike  him. 


Then  rascally  Governor  Keith 

Sent  him  on  a  fool's  errand  to  London ; 
But  in  spite  of  the  governor's  teeth, 

The  boy  printer  was  n't  undone. 


For  though  in  a  stranger  land, 

The  youngster  was  n't  scared  at  it, 

But  to  printing  he  turned  his  hand, 
And  very  respectably  fared  at  it. 


We'll  not  say  he  never  was  "hard"  — 
There  was  some  little  flaw  in  his  quality ; 

And  he  lout  his  friend  Ralph's  regard, 
And  his  cash,  by  a  lapse  of  morality. 


PROCESSION.  177 

He  returned  and  soon  became  great,  — 

Grot  married  —  was  made  legislator  — 
Took  very  high  rank  in  the  state, 

And  none  with  the  people  was  greater; 


Set  a  trap  for  the  fires  of  heaven, 
And  made  the  philosophers  wonder; 

The  lightning's  power  was  riven, 

And  cut  were  the  peals  of  the  thunder. 


Then  "Poor  Richard's"  maxims  he  made, 
In  language  both  prudent  and  funny; 

And  if  all  his  voice  had  obeyed, 

They  all  would  have  rolled  in  money. 


In  Congress  then  he  was  placed, 

As  England  made  new  demonstrations, 

And  his  name  was  soon  after  traced 
To  that  greatest  of  declarations. 


And  then  when  the  bond  was  rent, 
And  the  patriots  made  resistance, 

He  over  to  France  was  sent, 
To  ask  King  Louis'  assistance. 


His  name  before  him  had  gone, 

And  the  king  was  delighted  to  meet  him; 
He  even  stepped  from  his  throne, 

In  his  earnestness  to  greet  him. 


And  the  queen  frowned  not  in  check, 
When  this  plain  republican  Mister 

Threw  his  arms  about  her  neck, 
And  very  gallantly  kissed  her ! 


178  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Should  ever  occasion  arise 
That  we  are  in  like  situation, 

This  act  of  our  brother  wise 
We  '11  remember  for  imitation. 


When  long  abroad  he  had  staid, 
And  had  ceased  our  revolution, 

He  returned  to  the  nation  he  'd  made, 
And  helped  frame  its  constitution; 


An  instrument  still  revered, 

Though  some  there  be  who  assail  it ; 
Our  country  has  long  by  it  steered, 

And  to  our  mast-head  we  nail  it. 


Young  married  tradesmen  to  aid, 
He  willed  'em  a  loan  of  his  dollars, 

And  ordered  medals  made 

For  all  of  our  medalsome  scholars. 


But  the  great  of  the  world  must  die, 
And  Franklin  had  no  immunity ; 

Though  he  wished  to  come  back  by  and  by, 
Should  fate  grant  opportunity. 


And  here  his  wish  is  allowed, 

And  here  he  is  with  us  standing; 

His  fame  and  position  proud, 

Our  homage  and  love  commanding. 


And  now  with  our  bosoms  elate 
With  pride  we  will  not  smother, 

We  join  the  grateful  honors  that  wait 
To  crown  our  "  wholesome  brother." 


PROCESSION.  179 

The  world  will  cherish  his  name, 

And  spread  abroad  his  glory, 
When  yonder  brass  that  tells  his  fame 

Shall  be  but  a  thing  of  story. 

The  members  of  the  Boston  Printers'  Union  came 
next  in  order,  under  the  marshalship  of  Mr.  John  Gor- 
man, the  Recording  Secretary  of  the  Association,  with 
a  beautiful  silk  banner,  painted  by  Mr.  F.  Somerby, 
representing  the  printing  press  shedding  light  upon  the 
universe,  with  the  following  motto :  — 

THE  PEOPLE'S  FRIEND,  THE  TYRANT'S  FOE. 

On  the  reverse  of  the  same  banner  was  inscribed, — 

BOSTON  PRINTERS'  UNION  ESTABLISHED  DEC.  1848. 
LABOR  CONQUERS  EVERYTHING. 

A  delegation  of  the  printers  of  Cambridge,  eighty 
in  number,  followed  next,  bearing  a  banner  with  the 
following  historical  statement  for  an  inscription :  — 

FIRST    PRINTING    PRESS    ERECTED    IN     CAMBRIDGE    LN 
1639. 

The  copperplate  printers,  with  a  car,  and  a  press 
for  printing  from  steel  and  copper  plates,  from  the 
establishment  of  Mr.  Robert  Andrews,  came  next,  with 
an  elegant  banner.  They  printed  miniature  portraits 
of  Franklin,  which  were  distributed  gratuitously  as 


180  FK ANKLES'    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

they  proceeded.  Another  car,  drawn  by  four  horses, 
was  designated  by  a  banner  bearing  the  words,  "  Plate 
Printers  of  Boston,"  and  was  filled  with  persons  at 
work.  The  bank  note  engravers  were  respectably  rep- 
resented in  this  part  of  the  procession. 

Immediately  following  the  above  was  a  large  car 
representing  the  Traveller  printing  office.  It  was  drawn 
by  four  very  fine  horses.  In  its  front  was  displayed  a 
national  shield,  with  the  words, 

AMERICAN   TRAVELLER,   1825. 

A  handsome  silk  banner  exhibited  upon  one  side  the 
words,  "Daily  Evening  Traveller,  established  1845,"  and 
on  the  reverse,  "American  Traveller,  established  1825." 
On  one  side  of  the  car  was  a  sign  making  known  that 
the  establishment  represented  a  "  Job  Printing  House." 
Other  inscriptions  borne  upon  the  car  were  expressed 
as  follows :  — 

THE  NEWSPAPER MAY   IT  EVER  BE  TRUTH'S  BANNER 

WAVED     IN     THE     OPEN     AIR. 

JOB     PRINTING,    10,000    IMPRESSIONS    AN   HOUR. 

THE   PRESS THE  MIGHTIEST  OF  THE  MIGHTY    MEANS 

ON  WHICH  THE  ARM   OF  PROGRESS  LEANS. 

The  whole  was  very  elegantly  ornamented  with  Ameri- 
can flags  and  streamers,  and  with  the  compositors  at 
work  produced  a  very  agreeable  and  pleasing  effect 
upon  those  who  witnessed  the  exhibition. 


PROCESSION.  181 

The  printers'  part  of  the  procession  terminated  with 
several  carriages,  in  which  were  members  of  the  press 
and  publishers. 

A  large  and  very  powerful  electrical  machine,  manu- 
factured at  the  establishment  of  Mr.  E.  S.  Ritchie,  was 
drawn  on  a  neatly  decorated  car,  and  was  attended  by 
persons  who  from  time  to  time  put  it  in  operation. 

A  car  from  Messrs.  Palmer  &  Hall,  drawn  by  four 
horses,  was  devoted  to  practical  electricity,  and  con- 
tained an  original  glass  cylinder,  made  in  England, 
under  the  direction  of  Franklin,  for  the  celebrated  Dr. 
Priestly,  being  a  duplicate  of  the  one  which  was  used 
by  them  in  many  of  their  electrical  experiments.  A 
portion  of  the  glass  jars  belonging  to  the  battery 
which  accompanied  it,  is  still  preserved  by  Joseph  M. 
Wightman,  Esq.  Since  it  was  owned  by  Priestly  it  has 
been  successively  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  King,  elec- 
trical instrument  maker,  Mr.  Daniel  Davis,  Jr.,  and  now 
of  his  successors,  Messrs.  Palmer  &  Hall,  magnetic 
instrument  makers,  No.  158  Washington  Street,  Boston. 
It  is  even  now  the  largest  cylinder  for  electrical  pur- 
poses in  this  country.  In  the  same  car  was  a  model 
of  the  electrical  fire  alarm  striking  apparatus,  conspicu- 
ously mounted,  striking  the  number  of  the  fire  district 
through  which  it  passed,  suitable  batteries  being  placed 
on  the  carriage.  Several  telegraphic  instruments  were 
also  exhibited,  among  which  was  House's  printing  tele- 
graph, Morse's  magnetic  telegraph,  and  Farmer's  print- 


182  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

ing  telegraph.  At  each  corner  of  the  vehicle  were 
erected  standards  for  telegraphic  insulators,  upon  which 
rows  of  telegraph  wires  were  extended,  for  the  purpose 
of  conducting  the  electric  current.  Mr.  William.  A. 
Orcutt's  lightning  rods  projected  from  the  top  of  each 
pole.  Apparatus  in  working  order  for  electrotyping 
was  also  in  the  car,  together  with  an  electrical  machine 
in  operation  connected  with  brass  handles,  and  so 
arranged  that  crowds  received  shocks  gratuitously,  as 
the  car  passed  along.  The  motto  exhibited  was, 

HE    CONTROLLED    THE    LIGHTNING;    WE    IMITATE   HIM. 

Then  followed  a  wagon  containing  a  model  of  a 
lightning  conductor  patented  by  Mr.  Robert  D.  Dwyer. 

Next  in  course  came  one  of  the  most  pleasing  and 
interesting  features  of  the  whole  show,  consisting  of 
three  large  cars,  arranged  and  fitted  up  by  Mr.  Joseph 
L.  Ross,  school  furniture  maker,  in  Ivers  Street.  The 
object  was  to  exhibit  approved  patterns  of  desks  and 
seats  such  as  are  used  in  the  Boston  schools.  This 
was  most  ingeniously  and  pleasantly  accomplished,  pro- 
ducing at  the  same  time  a  most  extraordinary  effect. 
The  first  of  these  cars,  drawn  by  a  noble  team  of  four 
horses,  was  intended  to  represent  a  primary  school,  and 
was  occupied  by  eighteen  beautiful  little  girls,  and  nine 
interesting  little  boys,  under  the  supervision  of  Miss 
Emma  S.  Haley.  The  children  were  all  very  neatly 
dressed,  the  girls  chiefly  in  white,  and  seemed  especially 


PROCESSION.  183 

fond  of  their  teacher,  who  supplied  them  very  bounti- 
fully with  cakes  and  sweetmeats,  with  which  she  was, 
apparently,  well  provided.  The  car  was  covered  with 
a  tasty  canopy  of  American  flags,  and  was  draped  on 
its  sides  with  bunting  of  various  colors.  The  following 
inscriptions  were  observable  upon  the  car:  — 

FREE   SCHOOLS THE   HOPE    OF   A   FREE   PEOPLE. 

WE     POLISH     OUR    JEWELS. 
BOSTON     PUBLIC     SCHOOLS. 

The  second  car,  belonging  to  Mr.  Ross,  was  also  drawn 
by  four  horses,  all  black,  and  driven  by  Mr.  N.  A.  Nims. 
It  represented  a  girls'  grammar  school,  in  which  were 
seated  fourteen  young  ladies,  very  neatly  attired  in 
white,  with  blue  trimmings,  members  of  the  Wells 
School,  Miss  Helen  M.  Hammond  occupying  the  place 
of  teacher.  On  every  desk  was  an  elegant  bouquet  of 
flowers,  and  the  sides  of  the  car  were  neatly  decorated 
with  American  flags,  shields  and  streamers,  while  the 
whole  was  covered  with  a  canopy  of  national  colors. 
The  mottoes  on  this  car  were, 

OUR  SCHOOLS THE  PILLARS  THAT  SUPPORT   OUR 

NATION'S  FREEDOM. 

KNOWLEDGE,  THE  TELEGRAPH  BETWEEN  EARTH  AND 

HEAVEN. 
EDUCATION,  THE  KEYSTONE  IN  THE  ARCH  OF  FREEDOM. 


184  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

The  third  car  in  this  series  contained  a  representa- 
tion from  the  Mayhew  and  Brimmer  Grammar  Schools, 
consisting  of  fourteen  boys  of  about  twelve  years  of 
age,  under  Mr.  G.  B.  Pearson,  who  acted  as  their  mas- 
ter. The  car  was  drawn  by  four  handsome  horses,  and 
decorated  in  a  manner  similar  to  the  two  that  preceded 
it,  and  bore  the  following  inscriptions :  — 

INTELLIGENCE,  THE   LIFE    OF   LIBERTY. 

FRANKLIN,    THE    PRINTER'S    BOY,   THE    COMPANION    OF 
KINGS. 

A  company  of  young  archers,  arrayed  in  uniform 
and  in  military  style,  made  an  attractive  display  at  this 
point  in  the  procession.  The  company  was  organized 
on  the  sixteenth  of  April,  1856,  and  was  under  the 
command  of  Capt.  John  Bird,  of  South  Boston. 

A  fire  company  of  young  persons,  in  charge  of 
Capt.  Otis  Aaron,  followed  next,  with  a  uniform  of  red 
jackets,  black  pantaloons,  and  glazed  caps  and  leggins. 

Forty-three  express  wagons,  loaded  with  boxes,  bales 
and  packages,  represented  this  most  useful  and  enter- 
prising branch  of  American  industry,  and  made  a  splen- 
did show.  Almost  every  express  company  having  offices 
in  this  city  contributed  one  or  more  wagons.  Among 
them  were  noticed  the  following,  viz:  those  of  the 
companies  of  Adams,  Kinsley,  Paulding,  Hall  &  Weeks, 
Davenport  &  Mason,  Hatch,  Savary,  Tilden,  Cape  Cod 
and  Nantucket,  Trowbridge,  Fisher,  Wells,  United  States 


PROCESSION.  185 

and  Canada,  Cheney,  Jackson,  Thompson,  Brewer,  Han- 
cock, Howe,  Baker,  Dow,  Converse,  Hodgman,  Carpen- 
ter, Winslow,  Beals,  Adams,  Prince,  Dana  and  Carter. 

A  car  from  Messrs.  Carter,  Colcord  &  Preston,  with 
boxes  of  drugs,  surmounted  by  a  large  mortar  and 
festoons  of  sponges,  made  a  considerable  show,  and 
attracted  a  large  share  of  attention  from  the  novelty  of 
its  design. 

A  handsome  two  horse  wagon,  with  a  frame  work 
upon  which  were  tastefully  arranged  well  selected  speci- 
mens of  boys'  clothing,  from  the  establishment  of  Mr. 
George  W.  Carnes,  succeeded  next.  It  bore,  as  a  motto, 
the  inscription. 

PATRIOTISM,   PHILANTHROPY,    VIRTUE    AND     INDUSTRY. 

Messrs.  Blanchard,  Brother,  &  Co.  furnished  a  car 
heavily  laden  with  cordage,  flour,  bread,  beef,  pork  and 
ship  stores  generally,  and  ornamented  with  bunting, 
streamers,  and  national  flags  neatly  arranged. 

Next  appeared,  drawn  by  four  black  horses,  a  car 
well  filled  with  a  large  assortment  of  paper  in  bundles, 
for  printing  and  other  purposes,  from  the  establishment 
of  Messrs.  Rice,  Kendall  &  Co.,  in  Water  Street. 

A  car  then  followed  from  the  paper  hanging  ware- 
house of  Messrs.  Samuel  H.  Gregory  &  Co.,  Court 
Street,  containing  a  large  framework  covered  with 
many  very  choice  patterns  of  ornamental  house  paper. 

Mr.  Peter  Hunt  furnished   two  carriages  elegantly 

24 


186  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

decorated,  and  filled  with  young  women,  and  a  bounti- 
ful supply  of  their  work  in  the  form  of  paper  boxes. 

Messrs.  Sanderson  &  Lanergan,  of  the  JEtna  Labora- 
tory, in  a  car  drawn  by  four  horses,  exhibited  a  large 
assortment  of  fireworks,  with  a  miniature  representa- 
tion of  a  volcano,  emitting  a  blaze  of  fire  and  dense 
volumes  of  perfumed  smoke.  Two  persons  dressed 
as  Malays  acted  as  superintendents,  and  the  whole 
arrangement  was  very  appropriate  in  its  character. 

From  Messrs.  E.  A.  &  W.  Winchester,  of  Cambridge, 
there  was  a  large  wagon  loaded  with  soap  and  imple- 
ments for  candle-making,  followed  by  sixty  workmen 
from  the  manufactory,  in  white  frocks  and  glazed  caps ; 
after  which  came  the  soap  box  makers,  in  black  panta- 
loons and  calico  shirts. 

The  Faneuil  Hall  marketmen,  numbering  about 
three  hundred,  marshalled  by  Mr.  H.  Bird,  a  part  wear- 
ing white  frocks,  and  all  with  badges  on  their  hats, 
came  next,  bearing  a  banner  with  the  motto, 

GIFT    OF   PETER   FANEUIL, 

and  a  very  excellent  representation  of  the  Faneuil  Hall 
Market  house.  They  were  accompanied  by  Dodworth's 
Band,  from  New  York,  who  enlivened  the  procession 
with  most  excellent  music. 

Messrs.  George  W.  Chipman  &  Co.,  from  their  estab- 
lishment at  the  corner  of  Hanover  Street,  made  a  con- 
siderable show  with  an  immense  car,  drawn  by  eight 


PROCESSION.  187 

horses,  displaying  a  very  large  collection  of  carpets  of 
the  most  magnificent  and  costly  description. 

Messrs.  William  P.  Tenny  &  Co.  made  a  very  simi- 
lar display  of  elegant  carpetings  taken  from  their 
warehouse  in  Haymarket  Square. 

From  the  establishment  of  Messrs.  Barnes,  Jennings 
&  Co.,  there  was  a  car  loaded  with  elegant  furniture, 
such  as  chairs,  sofas,  tables,  book  cases,  and  other 
articles,  constructed  of  black  walnut,  rosewood  and 
mahogany. 

The  Union  Spring  Bed  Company  made  an  appro- 
priate display  of  their  manufactures  in  a  car  prepared 
for  the  purpose. 

A  model  of  a  safety  chimney  by  Mr.  William  Pearse, 
was  drawn  in  a  car  in  this  part  of  the  procession. 

There  was  also  in  this  division  a  colossal  statue 
of  Col.  Ethan  Allen,  modelled  in  plaster  by  Mr.  B.  H. 
Kinney,  of  Vermont. 

Messrs.  Hathorne  &  Co.  exhibited  in  the  procession 
a-  new  and  splendid  omnibus,  richly  decorated  with 
cords  and  tassels,  well  filled  with  children,  and  drawn 
by  six  noble  black  horses.  A  large  kite  was  carried 
on  the  top  of  this  coach. 

One  of  the  cars  built  for  the  Metropolitan  and  one 
for  the  Dorchester  Avenue  Railroad,  both  filled  with 
children,  attracted  much  attention  from  the  spectators, 
and  terminated  the  third  division  of  the  procession. 


188  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

THE   FOURTH   DIVISION. 

This  portion  of  the  procession  was  under  the  direction 
of  Hon.  MOSES  KIMBALL,  marshal,  assisted  by  Dr.  Elisha 
G.  Tucker,  and  Wyzeman  Marshal,  Esq.,  as  aids.  It  was 
composed  of  about  two  thousand  individuals,  of  the 
various  bodies  which  constitute  the  masonic  order,  all  in 
rich  and  appropriate  regalia,  and  each  body  having  its 
proper  banners.  Without  exception,  this  was  the  most 
ornamental  part  of  the  grand  procession,  and  one  of  its 
most  interesting  features.  Surely,  the  order  never  made 
a  more  beautiful  and  imposing  appearance  than  on  this 
occasion,  in  honor  of  one  of  the  most  brilliant  stars  in 
the  galaxy  of  freemasonry.  The  division  was  formed 
in  the  Tremont  Street  Mall,  with  its  right,  or  marching 
flank,  at  the  Park  Street  gate,  and  was  accompanied  by 
the  Manchester  Cornet  Band.  The  following  order 
was  observed  in  marching. 

First  proceeded,  as  an  escort,  the  Boston  Encamp- 
ment of  Knights  Templars,  numbering  about  one  hun- 
dred knights,  who  were  habited  in  their  rich  and 
splendid  regalia  of  black  velvet  sashes  and  aprons  with 
silver  mountings,  black  chapeaus  with  black  flowing 
plumes,  and  drawn  swords,  their  black  scabbards  sus- 
pended at  their  sides,  from  waist  belts.  The  officers 
of  this  ancient  encampment  were,  Dr.  Daniel  Harwood, 
Commander ;  Gilbert  Nurse,  Esq.,  as  Generalissimo ;  and 
Rev.  Stephen  Lovell,  as  Captain  General.  In  its  ranks 


PROCESSION.  189 

were  carried  the  several  banners  belonging  to  the  en- 
campment, viz :  the  banner  of  the  Ked  Cross,  with  the 
legend, 

MAGNA    EST    VERITAS,   ET   PR^VALEBIT ; 

the  banner  of  the  Knights  Templars,  with  the  motto, 

IN   HOC   SIGNO    VINCESJ 

and  the  banner  of  the   Knights   of  Malta,  inscribed, 

REX    BEGUM,    DOMINUS    DOMINORUM. 

The  masonic  escort  was  followed  by  the  Grand  En- 
campment of  Knights  Templars  and  the  appendant 
orders  of  Massachusetts  and  Ehode  Island,  under  Simon 
W.  Robinson,  Esq.,  Grand  Master,  and  the  General 
Grand  Encampment  of  Knights  Templars,  &c.,  of  the 
United  States,  with  the  following  officers,  viz:  Hon. 
William  B.  Hubbard,  of  Ohio,  as  General  Grand  Mas- 
ter; Hon.  William  T.  Gould,  of  Georgia,  as  Deputy 
General  Grand  Master;  James  Sorley,  Esq.,  of  Texas, 
as  General  Grand  Generalissimo ;  Edward  A.  Raymond, 
Esq.,  of  Massachusetts,  as  General  Grand  Captain  of 
Guards ;  Hon.  Robert  P.  Dunlap,  of  Maine,  as  General 
Grand  Prelate ;  Ezra  S.  Barnum,  Esq.,  of  New  York,  as 
General  Senior  Grand  Warden ;  Hon.  Peter  Ripley,  of 
Connecticut,  as  General  Junior  Grand  Warden ;  Willis 
P.  Coleman,  Esq.,  of  Louisiana,  as  General  Grand  Sword 
Bearer;  A.  O'Sullivan,  Esq.,  of  Missouri,  as  General 


190  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Grand  Treasurer,  and  B.  B.  French,  Esq.,  of  the  District 
of  Columbia,  as  General  Grand  Recorder. 

Then  followed,  properly  attired  in  the  regalia  of  the 
order,  with  blue  sashes,  and  white  aprons  trimmed  with 
blue,  and  with  blue  masonic  badges,  the  various  lodges 
subordinate  to,  or  recognised  by,  the  Grand  Lodge  of 
Massachusetts,  namely : 

Baalbec  Lodge  of  East  Boston,  chartered  March  9, 
A.L.  5753,  forty-one  members  present,  Mr.  Richard 
Whitehouse  marshal,  with  a  blue  banner.  On  each 
extremity  of  the  cross-bar  of  the  banner  was  a  hand, 
one  grasping  a  gavel,  and  the  other  holding  a  trowel ; 
and  on  one  side  a  view  of  the  ruins  of  ancient  Baalbec, 
with  the  inscription, 

MONUMENTS   OF   INDUSTRY. 

Mount  Tabor  Lodge,  of  East  Boston,  sixty-five  mem- 
bers present,  Mr.  Stephen  Merrill  marshal,  with  white 
banner,  on  which  was  figured  in  gold  an  open  Bible 
bearing  the  inscription,  "  Psalm  cxxxiii,"  the  symbolic 
square  and  compasses,  and  the  date  of  the  charter  of 
the  lodge,  A.L.  5846. 

Mount  Lebanon  Lodge,  of  Boston,  fifty  members 
present,  Mr.  George  T.  Stoddard  marshal,  with  a  white 
silk  banner,  upon  which  the  emblems  of  the  order  were 
painted,  and  an  inscription  stating  that  the  lodge  was 
chartered  June  8,  A.L.  5801. 

Columbian    Lodge,   of    Boston,   chartered    June    8, 


PBOCESSION.  191 

* 

A.L.  5796,  Mr.  William  H.  Mackintosh  marshal,  one 
hundred  and  ten  members  present,  with  a  banner 
one  side  of  which  was  white  and  the  other  blue,  bear- 
ing the  name  of  the  lodge  and  the  date  of  its  charter. 
Massachusetts  Lodge,  of  Boston,  chartered  May  13, 
A.L.  5770,  Mr.  William  W.  Capen  marshal,  seventy 
members  present,  with  a  banner  upon  which  was  the 
name  of  the  lodge  to  which  it  belonged,  and 

GENERAL   JOSEPH    WARREN,  GRAND    MASTER. 

St.  John's  Lodge,  of  Boston,  forty-five  members  pres- 
ent, Mr.  John  Greer,  marshal,  with  a  white  banner,  on 
which  were  represented,  in  gold,  the  holy  bible,  square 
and  compasses.  This  is  the  oldest  lodge  in  the  United 
States,  having  been  chartered  July  30,  A.L.  5733. 

Amicable  Lodge,  of  Cambridge,  chartered  June  10, 
A.L.  5805,  forty  members  present,  Mr.  I.  L.  Bangs  mar- 
shal, with  a  banner,  on  which  was  painted  a  female 
figure  leaning  over  a  book,  which  rested  upon  a 
broken  column,  and  Time,  with  his  hands  parting  her 
hair.  Over  the  painting  was  the  inscription,  in  Latin, 

LUX   E   TENEBRIS,   VITA    EX   SEPULCRO. 

Bethesda  Lodge,  of  Brighton,  chartered  March  12, 
A.L.  5819,  thirty-one  members  present,  Mr.  George  S. 
Wentworth  marshal,  with  a  white  silk  banner,  bearing 
the  name  of  the  lodge,  and  the  usual  masonic  symbols. 


192  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Rising  Star  Lodge,  of  Stoughton,  chartered  Decem- 
ber 9,  A.L.  5799,  thirty-five  members  present,  Mr.  C.  H. 
French  marshal,  with  a  silk  banner,  on  one  side  of 
which  was  painted  the  holy  bible,  square  and  com- 
passes. 

Grecian  Lodge,  of  Lawrence,  chartered  December 
14,  A.L.  5825,  thirty  members  present,  Mr.  I.  W.  Blake 
marshal,  bearing  a  banner,  on  which  was  given  the 
name  of  the  lodge,  and  when  it  was  chartered. 

Aurora  Lodge,  of  Fitchburg,  chartered  June  8,  A.L. 
5801,  twenty  members  present,  Mr.  A.  J.  Spooner  mar- 
shal, with  a  white  banner,  on  which  were  displayed  the 
masonic  symbols. 

Merrimac  Lodge,  of  Haverhill,  chartered  June  14, 
A.L.  5802,  forty  members  present,  Mr.  R  H.  Macy  mar- 
shal, with  the  appropriate  banner  of  the  lodge. 

Hiram  Lodge,  of  West  Cambridge,  established  De- 
cember 11,  A.L.  5797,  thirty-four  members  present,  Mr. 
E.  C.  Starkweather  marshal.  On  their  banner  were 
the  emblems  of  the  order,  and  underneath  the  inscrip- 
tion, 

VIRTUS   ET   AMICITIA    CONSOCIATA. 

St.  John's  Lodge,  of  Newburyport,  chartered  June  17, 
A.L.  5766,  fifty  members  present,  Mr.  B.  R.  Knapp  mar- 
shal. The  banner  of  the  lodge  was  carried  in  the 
ranks. 

Meridian  Lodge,  of  Natick,  chartered  December  11, 


PROCESSION.  193 

A.L.  5797,  bearing  a  sky  blue  banner,  on  which  were 
the  square  and  compasses.  Twelve  members  present, 
under  the  marshalship  of  Mr.  A.  W.  Burke. 

Essex  Lodge,  of  Salem,  chartered  June  2,  A.L.  5791, 
with  a  deep  blue  banner,  on  which  were  the  figure  of  an 
eagle  and  the  insignia  of  the  order.  Ninety  members 
present,  Mr.  George  H.  Pierson  acting  as  marshal. 

King  Solomon's  Lodge,  Charlestown,  chartered  Sep- 
tember 5,  A.L.  5783,  with  a  sky  blue  banner,  on  which 
were  the  name  of  the  lodge  and  the  usual  masonic 
emblems.  Sixty  members  present,  Mr.  T.  M.  Crocker 
marshal. 

Mount  Hermon  Lodge,  of  Medford,  chartered  Sep- 
tember 13,  A.L.  5855,  twenty  members  present,  with 
the  banner  of  the  lodge. 

St  Andrew's  Lodge,  of  Boston,  chartered  November 
30,  A.L.  5756,  by  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland,  being 
one  of  the  most  ancient  and  wealthy  lodges  in  the 
United  States,  was  represented  by  a  few  of  its  mem- 
bers, Mr.  James  Perkins  marshal,  although  the  lodge 
did  not  make  a  formal  appearance,  almost  all  of  its 
members  being  in  the  encampments. 

Next  in  order  proceeded,  in  the  following  manner, 
the  Koyal  Arch  Chapters,  which  were  subordinate  to, 
or  recognized  by  the  Grand  Chapter  of  Massachusetts. 

St.  Andrew's  Royal  Arch  Chapter,  of  Boston,  num- 
bering about  fifty-two,  and  St.  Paul's  Royal  Arch  Chap- 
ter, also  of  Boston,  with  a  numerous  delegation. 

25 


194  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

The  General  Grand  Chapter  of  Eoyal  Arch  Masons 
of  the  United  States,  represented  by  Philip  C.  Tucker, 
Esq.,  of  Vermont,  Deputy  Grand  High  Priest,  James  R 
Hartsock,  Esq.,  General  Grand  Captain  of  the  Host, 
John  Christie  and  David  Balch,  Esqs.,  of  New  Hamp- 
shire, and  others. 

These  were  followed  by  persons  representing  coun- 
cils, consistories,  and  the  higher  orders  of  masonry. 

There  were  several  barouches  in  the  procession,  con- 
taining aged  and  infirm  brethren  and  distinguished 
strangers ;  among  whom  were  Capt.  John  Percival,  of 
the  United  States  Navy;  Joseph  Eveleth,  Esq.,  ex- 
Sheriff;  Amos  Adams,  Esq.,  of  Louisiana ;  Hon.  Charles 
Scott,  Chancellor  of  the  State  of  Mississippi ;  Rev.  Paul 
Dean;  Rev.  E.  T.  Taylor;  Dr.  Richard  S.  Spofford, 
of  Newburyport ;  Edward  A.  Raymond,  Esq.,  of  Bos- 
ton ;  the  venerable  Elias  Haskell,  Esq.,  now  nearly 
ninety  years  of  age,  and  Mr.  John  Baker,  of  Hing- 
ham. 

The  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  in  new  and 
splendid  regalia,  under  the  direction  of  W.  D.  Coolidge, 
Esq.,  Grand  Marshal,  was  organized  as  follows :  Wins- 
low  Lewis,  M. D.,  Grand  Master;  Charles  W.  Moore, 
as  Deputy  Grand  Master ;  John  T.  Heard,  Esq.,  Senior 
Grand  Warden ;  Charles  R.  Train,  Esq.,  Junior  Grand 
Warden ;  Peter  Wainwright,  Esq.,  as  Grand  Treasurer ; 
John  H.  Sheppard,  Esq.,  Corresponding  Grand  Secretary ; 
Royal  Turner,  Esq.,  as  Grand  Chaplain  ;  Bradford  L. 


PROCESSION.  195 

Wales,  M.  D.,  as  Senior  Grand  Deacon ;  Henry  G.  Clark, 
M.D.,  as  Junior  Grand  Deacon;  Eben  F.  Gay,  Esq., 
as  Grand  Tyler. 

The  De  Molay  Encampment  of  Knights  Templars, 
Dr.  Clement  A.  Walker,  Commander;  William  Park- 
man,  Esq.,  Generalissimo;  and  Dr.  Charles  A.  Davis, 
Captain  General ;  performed  the  duty  of  body  guard  to 
the  grand  lodge  in  a  most  acceptable  manner.  The 
members  of  this  encampment  were  in  their  full  uniform, 
which,  in  point  of  richness,  appropriateness  and  ele- 
gance was  unsurpassed  by  that  of  any  other  body  of 
men  in  the  procession.  Each  member  of  the  encamp- 
ment wore  on  this  occasion,  a  black  dress  coat,  black 
pantaloons  and  white  waistcoat.  The  regalia  consisted 
of  a  black  silk  velvet  sash  richly  trimmed  writh  gold 
lace,  supporting  an  elegant  Templar's  sword,  with  a 
splendid  gilded  scabbard;  a  triangular  apron  of  the 
same  material,  bordered  with  gold,  containing  in  its 
centre  a  golden  triangle,  in  which  was  a  bright  red 
patriarchal  cross,  one  of  the  characteristic  symbols  of 
the  ancient  and  chivalric  order  they  represented.  A 
black  chapeau,  ornamented  with  a  black  satin  rosette 
and  cluster  of  brilliants,  and  very  showy  white  ostrich 
plumes  extending  entirely  over  its  turned-up  rims,  com- 
pleted the  magnificent  uniform.  Each  member,  like- 
wise, wore  a  satin  badge  upon  the  left  lappel  of  his 
coat,  containing  Templars  emblems,  and  the  name  of 
the  encampment  The  appearance  of  this  body  of  men 


196  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

was  unquestionably  the  most  superb  and  imposing  of 
any  in  the  procession ;  and  their  elegant  and  soldierly 
appearance  and  noble  bearing  drew  upon  them,  as  they 
marched  through  the  dense  crowds  of  spectators,  the 
eyes  of  all.  At  the  head  of  this  encampment  were 
carried  its  banners.  One,  of  beautiful  appearance,  being 
made  of  white  silk,  mounted  with  broad  gold  fringe, 
and  ornamented  with  cords  and  tassels  of  the  same 
material,  containing  a  choice  painting  of  knights  in  full 
charge  upon  Jerusalem,  led  on  by  their  Grand  Com- 
mander, Jacques  De  Molay,  was  recognized  as  that  of 
the  Knights  Templars  by  the  motto, 

IN   HOC    SIGNO    VINCES, 

and  by  the  double  or  patriarchal  cross  which  sur- 
mounted its  staff!  Another  banner  similarly  mounted 
with  fringe,  cords  and  tassels  of  gold,  was  divided  quar- 
terly by  a  cross,  each  of  the  four  compartments  con- 
taining well  known  emblems  of  the  order  of  the  Red 
Cross.  In  the  left  hand  superior  quarter  of  this  stand- 
ard, on  a  red  ground,  were  depicted  a  crown,  sceptre 
and  lion,  representing  symbolically  the  tribe  of  Judah ; 
upon  the  right  superior  quarter  was  pictured  a  knight 
of  this  order  standing  in  a  war  chariot  drawn  by  two 
fiery  chargers,  emblematical  of  the  chariot  and  horses 
dedicated  by  Cyrus,  King  of  Persia,  to  the  sun ; 
directly  below,  in  the  inferior  right  hand  quarter,  on  a 
light  blue  ground,  was  a  crescent  surrounded  by  stars, 


PROCESSION.  197 

the  sun,  and  a  spear  and  hand,  emblematic  of  power 
descending  to  man,  formerly  the  national  banner  of  the 
Persians;  and  in  the  inferior  left  hand  quarter,  on  a 
green  ground,  was  the  figure  of  a  wolf,  emblematical 
of  the  tribe  of  Benjamin;  and  on  the  bars  of  the 
cross  was  the  inscription, 

MAGNA    EST    VERITAS,   ET    PR.EVALEBIT. 

Upon  the  top  of  the  staff  was  a  gilded  crescent.  Both 
of  the  banners  were  a  gift  to  the  encampment  by  Ham- 
ilton Willis,  Esq.,  at  the  time  of  its  organization,  in 
1847,  and  were  the  design  of  Charles  W.  Moore,  Esq., 
the  learned  and  highly  accomplished  mason.  About 
seventy,  or  more,  of  the  members  were  in  the  proces- 
sion, others  being  more  actively  engaged  in  places  of 
special  importance. 

As  the  Grand  Lodge  and  its  body  guard  passed  the 
Public  Garden,  on  the  route,  a  salute  of  one  hundred 
guns  was  fired  in  honor  of  the  day  by  the  Light 
Artillery  Company,  commanded  by  Captain  Moses  G. 
Cobb ;  and  although  the  number  of  field-pieces  used 
amounted  only  to  six,  yet,  such  was  the  rapidity  with 
which  they  were  managed,  that  the  grand  salute 
seemed  an  incessant  sound  of  discharges  of  heavy  can- 
non, and  occupied  only  a  very  few  minutes  of  time 
in  accomplishment. 


198  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

THE    FIFTH    DIVISION. 

This  portion  of  the  procession  was  under  the  direction 
of  Major  LEWIS  W.  TAPPAN,  marshal,  with  Messrs.  Samuel 
H.  Gookin  and  Peter  Butler,  Jr.,  as  aids,  and  was  accom- 
panied by  the  Worcester  Cornet  Band.  It  was  com- 
posed of  various  associations ;  of  the  lineal  descendants 
and  collateral  relations  of  Josiah  Franklin,  of  the  Frank- 
lin medal  scholars,  of  the  pupils  and  graduates  of  the 
public  schools  who  have  received  prizes,  of  the  associa- 
tions and  societies  in  general  which  bear  the  name  of 
Franklin,  and  of  those  who  had  contributed  means 
for  procuring  the  statue.  The  order  was  substantially 
as  follows. 

First  came  a  considerable  number  of  the  members 
of  the  Bunker  Hill  Monument  Association,  of  which 
Hon.  G.  Washington  Warren,  of  Charlestown,  was  the 
President. 

Then  followed  the  Boston  Board  of  Trade,  number- 
ing more  than  one  hundred  and  fifty  members  in  the 
ranks.  At  their  head  was  carried  an  elegant  silk  ban- 
ner, upon  which  was  inscribed  the  name  of  the  associa- 
tion. The  appearance  of  this  interesting  class  of 
citizens  was  in  the  highest  degree  respectable,  and 
excited  much  attention  among  the  resident  spectators, 
who  identified  a  large  portion  of  them  as  the  most 
thriving  of  the  merchants  and  traders  of  Boston.  It 
was  the  first  public  appearance  of  the  Board,  and 


PROCESSION.  199 

reflected  much  credit  upon  the  officers  of  the  associa- 
tion, for  the  admirable  manner  in  which  this  portion 
of  the  procession  was  conducted. 

Members  of  the  Massachusetts  Society  for  the  Pro- 
motion of  Agriculture,  and  those  of  the  Massachusetts 
Horticultural  Society  appeared  next. 

These  were  succeeded  by  the  numerous  array  of 
Franklin  Medal  Scholars,  each  one  of  whom  exhibited 
his  silver  medal  suspended  about  his-  neck  by  a  blue 
ribbon.  The  number  of  individuals  who  appeared  in 
this  part  of  the  division  has  been  estimated  as  high  as 
one  thousand.  The  number,  perhaps,  would  be  within 
the  true  limit  if  applied  to  those  who  wore  the  medal 
in  the  various  parts  of  the  procession.  The  delegation 
was  as  imposing  for  its  respectable  appearance  as  for 
its  numbers.  Many  of  the  older  recipients  of  the 
Franklin  medals  rode  in  open  barouches ;  among  these 
were,  in  one  carriage,  Isaac  Harris,  Robert  Lash,  Isaac 
Parker,  John  Lewis  and  Richard  B.  Callender,  Esquires, 
five  veteran  scholars,  who  were  among  those  who  re- 
ceived the  medal  when  it  was  adjudged  for  the  first 
time,  and  who  very  properly  led  off  the  remaining 
medal  scholars  in  the  procession.  After  these,  those 
who  had  acquired  medals  were  subdivided,  according 
to  the  time  in  which  the  medals  were  received,  into 
classes  embracing  successive  periods  of  ten  years  each. 
An  elegant  blue  banner  was  carried  by  one  of  then- 
number. 


200  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

One  of  the  barouches  of  medal  scholars  was  occu- 
pied by  eight  brothers,  sons  of  the  late  Mr.  John  Hall. 
All  of  these  had  received  Franklin  medals  at  the  May- 
hew  School,  between  the  years  1821  and  1840,  and 
four  of  them  had  each  received  another  from  the  Latin 
or  English  High  School.  These  gentlemen,  well  known 
for  their  enterprise,  and  for  keeping  the  promise  of 
their  youth,  are  Messrs.  John  K.,  Edwin  H.,  Gustavus 
V.,  Alfred  B.,  Henry  H.,  Jeremiah  F.,  Franklin  A.,  and 
Osborn  B.  Hall.  It  was  one  of  the  pleasing  incidents 
of  the  day  that  these  eight  gentlemen,  residents  of 
Boston,  Maiden,  Somerville,  West  Roxbury  and  New 
York,  should  be  able  to  be  present  on  the  occasion. 

» 

As  the  barouche  in  which  they  rode  came  into  State 
Street,  from  Merchants  Row,  they  all  arose  and  re- 
mained uncovered  while  passing  the  window  at  which 
their  venerable  and  worthy  mother  sat;  a  mark  of 
respect  alike  honorable  to  the  sons  and  well  deserved 
by  the  mother. 

Next  in  order  there  came  a  few  of  the  young  gen- 
tlemen who  had  received,  at  the  Latin  or  English  High 
Schools,  the  prizes  awarded  them  through  the  liberality 
of  the  late  lamented  Hon.  Abbott  Lawrence.  These 
were  distinguished  by  blue  badges. 

Immediately  succeeding  these  came  the  Franklin 
Lodge  of  Odd  Fellows,  No.  23,  instituted  in  1843.  At 
their  head  was  carried  a  beautiful  banner,  on  one  side 
of  which  was  a  portrait  of  Franklin,  surrounded  by 


PROCESSION.  201 

different  insignia  of  the  Order.     On  the  other  side,  at 
the  top,  was  the  inscription, 

IN    GOD    WE   TRUST, 

and  beneath  it  an  eagle  holding  in  its  beak  a  wreath, 
inscribed, 

FRIENDSHIP,  LOVE  AND  TRUTH. 

Just  below  this  was  an  open  Bible,  and  at  the  bottom 
the  inscription, 

ODD    FELLOWS    ONLY   WHEN   WE   SPEAK  AND  ACT   LIKE 
HONEST   MEN. 

The  Franklin  Literary  Association,  composed  of 
promising  young  men,  the  Franklin  Library  Associa- 
tion, and  other  societies  bearing  the  name  of  Franklin 
followed  next 

Many  societies  and  associations  belonging  to  the 
neighboring  cities  and  towns  made  a  very  respectable 
appearance  in  this  division,  and  generally  were  distin- 
guished by  badges,  and  by  the  standards  carried  in 
their  ranks. 

A  large  number  of  persons  who  had  contributed 
towards  defraying  the  expenses  of  procuring  the  statue 
marched  next,  closing  the  division,  which,  although  it 
made  no  very  conspicuous  show  of  ornament,  never- 
theless was  numerous,  and  contained  a  very  large  rep- 
resentation of  the  solid  men  of  Boston. 


202  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

THE    SIXTH    DIVISION. 

This  portion  of  the  procession  comprised  the  various 
historical,  scientific,  literary  and  musical  societies  and 
associations,  and  was  under  the  direction  of  EDMUND  F. 
CUTTER,  Esq.,  marshal,  assisted  by  his  aids,  Messrs.  Seth 
E.  Brown  and  Charles  H.  Allen.  The  several  societies 
assembled  at  their  usual  places  of  meeting,  and  were 
formed  into  line  in  the  mall  leading  from  West  to  Joy 
Street,  and  extending  down  some  distance  in  the  Bea- 
con Street  mall.  Each  association  had  its  proper  badge, 
and  most  of  them  were  under  the  guidance  of  their 
own  marshals.  The  Nashua  Cornet  Band  preceded  the 
division,  which  advanced  in  the  following  order. 

The  Massachusetts  Historical  Society,  the  Boston 
Society  of  Natural  History,  the  Massachusetts  Medical 
Society,  the  New  England  Historic-Genealogical  Society, 
and  the  Boston  Mechanics  Institute,  appeared  with 
small  delegations,  on  account  of  their  members  taking 
part  in  other  places  in  the  procession. 

About  two  hundred  and  fifty  undergraduates  of 
Harvard  College  followed  these  with  their  usual  ban- 
ner, inscribed  with  the  single  word,  "  Harvard."  It 
had  been  newly  decorated  for  the  occasion,  and  was 
borne  by  three  seniors,  wearing  Oxford  caps.  The 
students  were  uniformly  dressed  in  black  suits,  and  dis- 
tinguished themselves,  as  they  are  wont  to  do  on  such 
occasions,  by  their  enthusiastic  and  well-timed  cheers 


PROCESSION.  203 

for  their  friends  and  the  ladies,  and  for  the  principal 
objects  of  historical  and  traditional  interest  along  the 
route,  and  were  rewarded  in  return  by  the  cheering 
smiles  and  waving  handkerchiefs  of  the  ladies  who 
filled  the  balconies  and  windows.  The  following  young 
gentlemen  served  as  marshals:  James  J.  Storrow,  Robert 
M.  Morse,  and  Arthur  J.  C.  Sowdon,  Seniors;  Hollis 
Hunnewell,  Nicholas  L.  Anderson  and  Josiah  Bradlee, 
Juniors ;  Heyward  Cutting,  George  Lawrence  and  David 
H.  Hayden,  Sophomores;  and  Caspar  Crowninshield, 
F.  W.  Hunnewell  and  Henry  C.  Eustis,  Freshmen. 

Next  came  a  large  number  of  the  members  of  the 
Mercantile  Library  Association,  amounting  to  about 
three  hundred  persons,  preceded  by  the  Milford  Brass 
Band,  with  an  elegant  banner,  decorated  with  flowers, 
bearing  the  name  of  their  association  and  the  date  of 
its  institution,  1820. 

Then  followed  the  Mechanic  Apprentices  Library 
Association,  numbering  about  one  hundred  persons, 
with  a  very  ornamental  banner;  on  which^cupon  a 
brown  background,  was  a  painting  of  an  arm  wielcfo 
a  large  hammer,  with  the  inscription, 

KNOWLEDGE   AND    THE   MECHANIC    ARTS. 

The  banner  likewise  bore  the  name  of  the  association, 
and  the  date  of  its  fonnation,  February  22,  1820. 
There  were  also  upon  it  representations  of  articles  of 
mechanical  skill  and  also  of  books. 


204  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Many  other  associations  of  a  commemorative  char- 
acter joined  this  part  of  the  procession,  distinguishing 
it  by  the  number  and  variety  of  the  badges  which  were 
worn  by  the  individuals  who  composed  it. 

The  Boston  Young  Men's  Christian  Association,  with 
about  one  hundred  members,  brought  up  the  rear. 
There  was  borne  in  its  ranks  a  beautiful  banner,  on 
which  was  delineated  a  Bible,  and  the  rising  sun  shed- 
ding upon  it  rays  of  purple  light. 

THE    SEVENTH   DIVISION. 

The  charitable  and  benevolent  associations,  arranged 
in  the  order  of  the  dates  of  their  organization,  com- 
posed the  seventh  division  of  the  procession,  which  was 
under  the  immediate  direction  of  JOSEPH  WEST,  Esq.,  as 
marshal,  and  his  aids,  Messrs.  J.  Edward  Dodd  and  C. 
Allen  Eichards.  This  part  of  the  line  was  attended  by 
the  Lawrence  Brass  Band. 

The  Scots  Charitable  Society,  Dr.  William  E.  Coale 
president,  and  Mr.  John  Wilson,  Jr.  secretary,  about 
one  hundred  strong,  were  escorted  by  the  Caledonia 
Club,  and  were  under  the  marshalship  of  Mr.  William 
J.  McPherson.  The  club  appeared  in  full  Highland 
costume,  with  the  music  of  bagpipes  and  with  appro- 
priate badges  and  a  beautiful  silk  banner,  and  was 
headed  by  its  chief,  Mr.  J.  W.  McDonald.  Upon  the 
banner  which  was  displayed  by  the  club  were  painted 


,       PROCESSION.  205 

representations  of  William  Wallace  and  Robert  Burns. 
The  Scots  Society  was  founded  in  1657,  and  is  the 
oldest  charitable  association  in  New  England,  and,  per- 
haps, in  the  United  States. 

Next  caine  the  Germania  Gymnastic  Society,  mar- 
shalled by  Mr.  John  Fisher,  about  fifty  of  its  members 
being  present,  dressed  in  light  colored  linen  clothes. 
In  their  ranks  was  carried  a  neat  silk  banner,  with  the 
following  motto,  expressed  in  the  German  language :  — 

CLEAR   THE    ROAD. 

The  Kossuth  Lodge,  a  charitable  association,  num- 
bering about  twenty-five  members,  was  under  the  direc- 
tion of  its  marshal,  Mr.  Jacob  Keiffer. 

The  German  Society  of  the  Sons  of  Liberty,  num- 
bering nearly  ninety,  were  attended  by  the  Germania 
Serenade  Band. 

The  United  Shamrock  Society,  with  about  one  hun- 
dred and  fifty  in  its  ranks,  and  accompanied  by  the  Fox- 
boro'  Band,  appeared  handsomely,  bearing  two  American 
ensigns,  and  their  banner,  upon  which  was  depicted  a 
representation  of  the  Irish  harp.  Mr.  J.  T.  Powers  acted 
as  marshal  to  the  society. 

The  Worcester  County  Mechanic  Association,  with 
about  sixty  members,  marched  in  this  division. 

Besides  the  associations  enumerated  above  there 
were  representations  from  most  of  the  following  bodies, 
nearlv  all  of  which  had  badges  and  decorations. 


206  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

The  Middlesex  Mechanic  Association ;  the  Salem 
Charitable  Mechanic  Association ;  the  Massachusetts 
Charitable  Society ;  the  Charitable  Association  of  the 
Boston  Fire  Department ;  the  Merchant  Tailors'  Asso- 
ciation ;  "the  Massachusetts  Charh  ible  Fire  Society ; 
the  Charitable  Orthopedic  Association  ;  the  Association 
of  Shipwrights  and  Caulkers  of  Boston  and  Charles- 
town  ;  the  Massachusetts  Congregational  Charitable 
Society;  the  Howard  Benevolent  Society;  the  Massa- 
chusetts Charitable  Eye  and  Ear  Infirmary ;  the  Silver 
Workers'  Benefit  Association;  the  British  Charitable 
Society ;  the  German  Immigrant  Aid  Society ;  the  Per- 
kins Institution  for  the  Blind ;  the  Young  Men's  Benev- 
olent Society ;  the  Hebrew  Mutual  Relief  Society ;  and 
various  other  benevolent  and  charitable  societies  and 
associations. 

THE    EIGHTH    DIVISION. 

This  division  was  preceded  by  the  Lowell  Brass  Band, 
and  was  under  the  charge  of  NATHANIEL  WINSOR,  JR., 
Esq.,  as  marshal,  assisted  by  Messrs.  James  Dennie,  Jr., 
and  G.  G.  Kidder,  as  his  aids.  Many  of  the  following 
named  societies  and  associations  were  represented  by 
small  delegations  in  this  division,  namely :  — 

The  Massachusetts  Humane  Society;  the  Boston 
Marine  Society;  the  Salem  East  India  Marine  Society; 
the  Cape  Cod  Association ;  the  Boston  Port  Society ; 
the  Sailors'  Snug  Harbor ;  the  Seamen's  Friend  Society ; 


PROCESSION.  207 

and  several  other  societies  for  the  improvement  and 
relief  of  Seamen  in  Boston  and  vicinity;  the  Shaw 
Institute  for  Mariners'  Children ;  the  Commissioners 
of  the  Boston  Pilots;  the  Boston  Pilots;  the  Boat 
Clubs  of  Boston  and  vicinity,  in  the  uniform  of  their 
respective  clubs,  with  their  boats  on  platforms,  drawn 
by  horses;  the  captains  and  other  officers  of  vessels 
in  port;  seamen  in  port,  with  flags  and  ship  on  plat- 
form, drawn  by  horses. 

These  were  followed  by  an  extensive  cavalcade  of 
the  citizens  of  Boston  and  of  the  neighboring  towns. 

A  considerable  body  of  mounted  truckmen,  attired 
in  white  frocks,  added  to  this  part  of  the  array. 

This  division,  which  completed  the  moving  proces- 
sion, terminated  with  a  body  of  mounted  police. 

THE    NINTH    DIVISION. 

This  consisted  of  the  children,  of  both  sexes,  of  the 
public  schools  of  Boston,  and  was  under  the  special 
direction  of  JOHN  L.  EMMONS,  Esq.,  as  marshal,  with  the 
assistance  of  his  aids,  Dr.  Henry  I.  Bowditch  and  Mr. 
George  Dickinson.  Owing  to  the  very  great  length  of 
the  procession,  and  the  extent  of  the  route,  this  division 
did  not  join  in  the  line,  but  was  stationed  in  a  conspicu- 
ous part  of  the  route,  where  the  spectacle  could  be 
conveniently  witnessed,  and  where  the  children  could 
be  seen  by  those  who  took  part  in  the  pageant.  At 


208  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

an  early  hour  in  the  morning,  the  children  assembled 
at  their  respective  school  houses,  and  proceeded,  under 
the  guidance  of  their  teachers,  to  Beacon  Street,  where 
they  were  stationed  upon  the  sides  of  the  street.  The 
girls  belonging  to  the  grammar  schools,  and  the  chil- 
dren of  the  primary  schools,  were  placed  in  rows  upon 
the  sidewalk  next  to  the  mall,  and  the  boys  of  the 
grammar  schools  were  ranged  upon  the  opposite  side- 
walk. The  girls  were  chiefly  attired  in  white,  with 
blue  ribbons  and  badges,  and  a  large  portion  of  them 
wore  wreaths  of  flowers  and  bouquets.  The  boys  were 
also  neatly  clad  for  the  occasion.  Most  of  the  schools 
had  their  banners,  designating  the  names  of  the  schools, 
and  some  bore  mottoes,  and  others  fanciful  pictures. 
Among  the  banners  was  one  upon  which  was  the  rep- 
resentation of  young  persons,  bearing  wreaths  of 
flowers,  and  the  inscription, 

WE    BRING   FLOWERS. 

One  banner  displayed  a  picture  of  Isaac  and  Jacob, 
worked  in  worsted ;  one  a  portrait  of  Washington ;  and 
another  a  dove  bearing  an  olive  branch,  and  underneath, 

PEACE   BE    WITH   YOU. 

Another  banner  had  a  wreath  of  lilies,  with  the  appro- 
priate scripture  quotation  as  an  inscription, 

CONSIDER    THE    LILIES. 


PROCESSION.  209 

One  of  the  school  delegations  bore  a  standard,  with  the 

inscription, 

"THE  SCEPTRE  FROM  TYRANTS." 

Another  banner  was  ornamented  with  a  cross  executed 
in  worsted  work.  The  children  made  a  very  pleasing 
show,  and  attracted  the  attention  of  all  persons.  They 
also  shared  in  the  enthusiasm  of  the  day  to  a  large 
extent,  if  the  loud  cheers  which  proceeded  from  the 
boys,  and  the  waving  of  scarfs  and  handkerchiefs,  could 
form  any  criterion  to  judge  by. 

After  the  procession  had  passed,  the  children  were 
formed  into  line,  and,  under  the  guidance  of  their 
teachers,  proceeded  to  the  Public  Garden,  where  they 
spent  the  remainder  of  the  day  in  the  enjoyment  of 
various  innocent  sports  and  amusements.  A  band  of 
music  was  in  attendance  throughout  the  day,  and  re- 
freshments were  bountifully  provided  for  the  scholars, 
and  were  distributed  under  the  direction  of  Rev.  Mr. 
Barnard  and  several  benevolent  ladies.  The  garden 
being  open  to  the  public,  a  large  number  of  people 
mingled  with  the  children,  participating  in  their  enjoy- 
ment, and  listening  to  the  music  of  the  band. 

At  about  ten  minutes  past  one  o'clock  the  vanguard 
reached  the  enclosure  in  front  of  the  City  Hall,  the 
place  assigned  for  the  literary  services,  and  for  the 
ceremonies  of  inauguration.  This  square,  with  the 
exception  of  the  court,  or  public  area  in  the  centre  of 

27 


210  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

which  the  statue  had  been  erected  a  few  days  previous, 
and  where  it  was  concealed  from  public  view  until  the 
proper  time  should  arrive  for  its  exposure,  was  covered 
with  temporary  platforms  and  stages,  erected  under  the 
direction  of  the  Committee  of  Arrangements,  suffi- 
ciently commodious  to  accommodate  very  nearly  five 
thousand  persons  as  an  audience.  The  seats  upon  the 
platforms  were  soon  filled  with  the  persons  for  whom 
they  were  reserved  j  and,  upon  a  stage  erected  a  short 
distance  west  of  the  statue,  were  collected  those  who 
were  to  take  the  most  prominent  part  in  the  services 
of  the  day.  Directly  behind  these  last  were  seated  the 
members  of  the  city  council,  the  statue  committee,  the 
governor  of  the  commonwealth  with  his  suite,  and  the 
many  dignitaries  who  had  been  invited  to  be  present 
on  the  interesting  occasion.  Tier  above  tier  behind 
these  were  gathered  together  the  delegates  of  the  sev- 
eral bodies  represented  in  the  procession.  On  the 
opposite  platform,  covering  the  eastern  portion  of  the 
square,  was  arranged  a  choir  of  two  hundred  girls 
belonging  to  the  public  schools,  neatly  attired  in  white 
and  blue,  and  decorated  with  wreaths  and  bouquets  of 
beautiful  flowers.  The  remaining  part  of  the  platr 
form  was  occupied  by  other  school  children,  the  girls 
similarly  dressed  and  adorned,  and  the  boys  wearing 
medals  and  badges.  The  seats  on  the  platform  con- 
tiguous to  the  city  hall  were  occupied  entirely  by 
ladies. 


PROCESSION.  211 

After  the  entrance  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  who  received 
seats  on  the  front  of  the  eastern  platform,  and  the  body 
guard,  who  formed  in  a  circle  around  the  statue,  the 
delegations  were  admitted  in  crowds  within  the  area 
between  the  platforms.  Every  portion  of  ground  and 
house-top,  and  all  the  neighboring  windows  and  bal- 
conies, were  filled  with  witnesses  of  the  rare  event. 

.The  arrangement  within  the  enclosure  of  those  who 
were  to  witness  or  partake  in  the  inaugural  services, 
presented  to  the  eye  one  of  the  most  beautiful  scenes 
ever  witnessed  in  the  city  of  Boston. 

The  superintendence  of  the  enclosure  was  entrusted 
to  J.  THOMAS  STEVENSON,  Esq.,  marshal,  who  was  assisted 
in  the  performance  of  this  duty  by  Messrs.  Kobert  C. 
Winthrop,  Jr.,  Theodore  Lyman,  Francis  W.  Palfrey. 
P.  P.  Ellis,  George  S.  J.  Oliver,  E.  Jones  Andrews,  Albert 
Cushman,  John  Quincy  Adams,  Arthur  Dexter,  F.  0. 
Dabney,  C.  Hook  Appleton,  F.  I.  Merritt. 


INAUGURAL  SERVICES. 


INAUGURAL    SERVICES. 


SHORTLY  after  two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  of  the  ever 
memorable  seventeenth  of  September,  a  large  con- 
course of  witnesses  having  assembled  within  the  en- 
closure, the  services  of  the  inauguration  of  the  statue 
of  Franklin  commenced. 

After  a  voluntary,  performed  in  a  very  acceptable 
manner  by  Gilmore's  Band,  from  the  city  of  Salem,  the 
following  chorus  was  sung  by  the  choir  of  school  chil- 
dren, under  the  direction  of  Mr.  Charles  Butler,  one  of 
the  music  teachers  connected  with  the  public  schools : 

We  come !  we  come !  our  music  bringing,  — 
Our  hearts  are  with  our  voices  singing : 
Rejoice  !  rejoice  !  our  spirits  say, 
And  hail  with  us  this  happy  day. 

The  devotional  service  was  then  conducted  by  the 
Reverend  GEORGE  W.  BLAGDEN,  D.D.,  pastor  of  the  Old 
South  Church,  and  lineal  successor  to  the  reverend 
gentleman  who  performed  the  rite  of  baptism  for 
Franklin  on  the  day  of  his  birth.  The  prayer  was 
substantially  in  the  following  words:  — 


216  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 


PEAYEE. 

0  THOU,  who  hearest  prayer :  unto  thee  shall  all  flesh 
come.  Unto  thee  would  we  come ;  believing  that 
thou  art,  and  that  thou  art  the  rewarder  of  them 
who  diligently  seek  thee.  May  we  seek  thee,  and 
find  thee,  because  we  shall  seek  thee  with  all  the 
heart;  not  mocking  thee  with  solemn  sounds  on  a 
thoughtless  tongue;  —  not  drawing  nigh  to  thee  with 
the  mouth,  and  honoring  thee  with  the  lip,  while  our 
hearts  are  far  from  thee;  —  but  worshipping  thee, 
who  art  a  spirit,  in  spirit  and  in  truth.  We  worship 
thee  as  the  God  of  our  fathers,  and  our  own  God. 
Above  all  we  worship  thee,  as  the  God  who  hast 
revealed  thyself  as  the  God  and  Father  of  our  Lord 
and  Savior  Jesus  Christ;  and  as  in  Him,  reconciling 
the  world  unto  thyself,  not  imputing  their  trespasses 
unto  men.  We  adore  and  bless  thee  for  the  influ- 
ence this  revelation  of  thy  love  and  mercy,  in  the 
Gospel  of  our  Lord  and  Savior,  has  had  in  enlightening, 
elevating  and  strengthening  the  human  mind,  and  in 
renewing  the  hearts  of  all  who  repent  and  believe. 
We  bless  thee,  especially,  on  this  occasion,  for  the 
influence  it  has  thus  exerted  on  the  founders  and 
inhabitants  of  this,  the  favored  city  of  our  habitation ; 
for  the  enlightening  and  elevating  impulses  it  im- 
parted to  him,  whose  patriotism,  and  science,  and  useful- 


PRAYER.  217 

ness,  and  fame,  we  to-day  have  assembled  to  commemo- 
rate; and  for  the  blessings,  religious  and  intellectual, 
public  and  private,  which  through  the  Gospel  have 
descended  and  continued  in  this  city,  the  anniversary 
of  the  settlement  of  which  occurs  to-day. 

"We  bless  thee,  0  God,  through  Christ,  for  all  the 
mercies  of  thy  providence  and  grace.  May  they  be 
perpetual.  As  to  our  fathers,  so  wilt  thou  graciously 
be  to  us.  Bless  thy  servant  who  shall  speak  to  us  of 
our  eminent  fellow  citizen ;  himself  a  descendant  of  a 
pious  and  an  honored  ancestry.  Bless  the  government 
of  our  city ;  its  present  chief  magistrate  and  officers ; 
and  those  of  our  state.  Bless  the  country  of  which 
we  are  so  happy  as  to  be  the  citizens.  Continue  the 
union  of  these  states  —  recommended  and  cherished 
by  him  whose  memory  we  celebrate.  May  the  spirit 
of  the  religion  of  our  Lord  and  Savior  Jesus  Christ 
pervade  all  our  institutions.  May  the  revelation  of 
his  holy  will,  in  the  Gospel,  be  the  rule  of  life  to  our 
people,  in  its  application  to  our  political,  social,  and 
domestic  life.  May  we  never  fall  below  it;  may  we 
never  add  to  it,  by  being  wise  above  what  is  written, 
or  righteous  overmuch.  Bless  all  who  profess  and  call 
themselves  Christians,  in  whatever  forms  they  worship, 
and  by  whatever  names  they  may  be  called.  In  vari- 
eties of  forms,  but  with  the  same  spirit,  and  with  one 
mind,  may  they  strive  together  for  the  faith  of  the 
GospeL 


218  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Our  Father  which  art  in  heaven,  hallowed  be  thy 
name.  Thy  kingdom  come.  Thy  will  be  done  in 
earth,  as  it  is  in  heaven.  Give  us  this  day  our  daily 
bread ;  and  forgive  us  our  debts  as  we  forgive  our 
debtors.  And  lead  us  not  into  temptation,  but  deliver 
us  from  evil ;  for  thine  is  the  kingdom,  and  the  power, 
and  the  glory,  for  ever.  Amen. 

Hon.  ROBERT  C.  WINTHROP,  LL.D.,  then  rose,  —  wear- 
ing a  Franklin  medal,  the  meed  of  youthful  success  at 
the  Public  Latin  School,  and  among  other  badges  that 
of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association, 
of  which  he  is  an  honorary  member,  —  and,  having 
been  duly  announced  to  the  assembly,  proceeded,  in 
behalf  of  the  Franklin  Statue  Committee,  and  at  their 
invitation  and  request,  to  deliver  the  following  inau- 
gural oration,  concluding  with  a  presentation  of  the 
statue  to  the  general  committee,  to  be  disposed  of  by 
their  chairman  agreeably  to  their  direction. 


INAUGUKAL    OBATION. 


WE  are  assembled,  Mr.  Mayor  and  Fellow  Citizens, 
to  do  honor  to  the  memory  of  one,  of  whom  it  is 
little  to  say,  that  from  the  moment  at  which  Boston 
first  found  a  local  habitation  and  a  name  on  this  hemi- 
sphere— just  two  hundred  and  twenty-six  years  ago 
to-day — down  even  to  the  present  hour  of  her  mature 
development  and  her  meridian  glory,  she  has  given 
birth  to  no  man  of  equal  ability,  of  equal  celebrity,  or 
of  equal  claim  upon  the  grateful  remembrance  and  com- 
memoration of  his  fellow-countrymen  and  of  mankind. 

We  come,  on  this  birth-day  of  our  ancient  me- 
tropolis, to  decorate  her  municipal  grounds  with  the 
image  of  that  one  of  her  native  sons,  whose  name 
has  shed  the  greatest  lustre  upon  her  history ;  pro- 
posing it  as  the  appropriate  frontispiece  and  figure- 
head, if  I  may  so  speak,  of  her  Executive  and  Legis- 
lative Halls  forever. 

We  come,  at  this  high  noon  of  a  new  and  noble 
exhibition  of  the  products  of  New  England  industry 
and  invention,  to  inaugurate  a  work  of  Art,  in  which 


220  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

the  latest  and  best  efforts  of  American  genius  and 
American  skill — for  it  is  all  American — are  fitly  and 
most  felicitously  embodied  in  the  form  and  lineaments 
of  the  greatest  American  Mechanic  and  Philosopher. 

We  come,  on  this  anniversary  of  the  very  day 
on  which  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  was 
adopted  and  signed,  to  commemorate  a  Statesman  and 
Patriot,  who  was  second  to  no  one  of  his  tune  in 
the  services .  which  he  rendered  to  the  cause  of 
American  Liberty  and  Independence,  and  whose  privi- 
lege it  was,  at  the  advanced  age  of  eighty  years,  to 
give  his  official  sanction  and  signature  to  the  hal- 
lowed instrument,  by  which  alone  that  Liberty  and 
Independence  could  have  been  organized,  administered 
and  perpetuated. 

I  hail  the  presence  of  this  vast  concourse  of  the 
people, —  assembled  in  all  the  multiplied  capacities 
and  relations  known  to  our  political  or  our  social 
state,  mechanic,  mercantile  and  agricultural,  literary, 
scientific  and  professional,  moral,  charitable  and  reli- 
gious, civil,  military  and  masonic;  not  forgetting  that 
"legion  of  honor,"  which  has  decorated  itself  once 
more,  for  this  occasion,  with  the  medals  which  his 
considerate  bounty  provided  for  the  scholastic  triumphs 
of  their  boyhood,  and  which  are  justly  prized  by  every 
one  that  wins  and  wears  them  beyond  all  the  insignia 
which  kings  or  emperors  could  bestow,  —  I  hail  the 
presence  of  this  countless  multitude  both  of  citizens 


INAUGURAL   ORATION.  221 

and  of  strangers,  from  which  nothing  is  wanting  of 
dignity  or  distinction,  of  brilliancy  or  of  grace,  which 
office,  honor,  age,  youth,  beauty  could  impart,  —  as  the 
welcome  and  most  impressive  evidence,  that  the  day 
and  the  occasion  are  adequately  appreciated  by  all  who 
are  privileged  to  witness  them. 

"  Thus  strives  a  grateful  country  to  display 
The  mighty  debt  which  nothing  can  repay!" 

Our  city  and  its  environs  have  not,  indeed,  been 
left  until  now,  fellow  citizens,  wholly  destitute  of  the 
decorations  of  sculpture.  WASHINGTON,  —  first  always 
to  be  commemorated  by  every  American  commu- 
nity,—  has  long  stood  majestically  within  the  inner 
shrine  of  our  state  capitol,  chiseled,  as  you  know,  by 
the  celebrated  Chantrey,  from  that  pure  white  marble 
which  is  the  fittest  emblem  of  the  spotless  integrity 
and  preeminent  patriotism  of  a  character,  to  which  the 
history  of  mere  humanity  has  hitherto  furnished  no 
parallel. 

BOWDITCH,  our  American  La  Place,  has  been  seen  for 
many  years,  beneath  the  shades  of  Mount  Auburn,  por- 
trayed with  that  air  of  profound  thought  and  pene- 
trating observation,  which  seems  almost  to  give  back 
to  the  effigy  of  bronze  the  power  of  piercing  the  skies 
and  measuring  the  mechanism  of  the  heavens,  which 
only  death  could  take  away  from  the  ever-honored 
original. 


222  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Near  him,  in  the  beautiful  chapel  of  the  same 
charming  cemetery,  will  soon  be  fitly  gathered  repre- 
sentative men  of  the  four  great  periods  of  Massachu- 
setts history :  —  JOHN  WINTHROP,  for  whom  others  may 
find  the  appropriate  epithet  and  rightful  designation, 
with  the  first  charter  of  Massachusetts  in  his  hand ; — 
JAMES  OTIS,  that  "  flame  of  fire  "  against  writs  of  assist- 
ance and  all  the  other  earliest  manifestations  of  British 
aggression ;  —  JOHN  ADAMS,  ready  to  "  sink  or  swim  "  in 
the  cause  of  "Independence  now  and  independence 
forever"; — and  JOSEPH  STORY,  interpreting  and  admin- 
istering, with  mingled  energy  and  sweetness,  the  con- 
stitutional and  judicial  system  of  our  mature  existence. 
Glorious  quaternion,  illustrating  and  personifying  a 
more  glorious  career !  God  grant  that  there  may  never 
be  wanting  a  worthy  successor  to  this  brilliant  series, 
and  that  the  line  of  the  great  and  good  may  be  as 
unbroken  in  the  future,  as  it  has  been  in  the  past 
history  of  our  beloved  Commonwealth ! 

Primo  avulso  non  deficit  alter 


Aureus. 

Within  the  last  year,  also,  the  generosity  and  the 
genius  of  our  city  and  country  have  been  nobly  com- 
bined, in  adorning  our  spacious  and  admirable  Music 
Hall  with  a  grand  embodiment  of  that  exquisite  com- 
poser, who  would  almost  seem  to  have  been  rendered 
deaf  to  the  noises  of  earth,  that  he  might  catch  the 


INAUGURAL    ORATION.  223 

very  music  of  the  spheres,  and  transfer  it  to  the  score 
of  his  magnificent  symphonies. 

Nor  do  we  forget,  on  this  occasion,  that  the  familiar 
and  cherished  presence  of  the  greatest  of  the  adopted 
sons  of  Massachusetts  is  soon  to  greet  us  again  on  the 
Exchange,  gladdening  the  sight  of  all  who  congregate 
there  with  the  incomparable  front  of  DANIEL  WEBSTER, 

At  the  touch  of  native  art,  too,  the  youthful  form 
of  the  martyred  WARREN  is  even  now  breaking  forth 
from  the  votive  block,  to  remind  us  afresh  "  how  good 
and  glorious  it  is  to  die  for  one's  country." 

But  for  BENJAMIN  FRANKLIN,  the  greatest  of  our  na- 
tive-born sons,  and  peculiarly  the  man  of  the  people, 
has  been  reserved  the  eminently  appropriate  distinction 
of  forming  the  subject  of  the  first  bronze,  open-air 
statue,  erected  within  the  limits  of  the  old  peninsula 
of  his  birth,  to  ornament  one  of  its  most  central 
thoroughfares,  and  to  receive,  and  I  had  almost  said 
to  reciprocate,  the  daily  salutations  of  all  who  pass 
through  them. 

Nor  can  any  one  fail  to  recognize,  I  think,  a  peculiar 
fitness  in  the  place  which  has  been  selected  for  this 
statue. 

Go  back  with  me,  fellow  citizens,  for  a  moment,  to 
a  period  just  one  hundred  and  forty-two  years  ago,  and 
let  us  picture  to  ourselves  the  very  spot  on  which  we 
are  assembled,  as  it  was  in  that  olden  time.  Boston 


224  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

was  then  a  little  town,  of  hardly  more  than  ten  or 
twelve  thousand  inhabitants.  Her  three  hills,  now 
scarcely  distinguishable,  were  then  her  most  conspicu- 
ous and  characteristic  feature,  and  I  need  hardly  say 
that  almost  all  the  material  objects  which  met  the  view 
of  a  Bostonian  in  this  vicinity,  at  that  day,  must  have 
been  widely  different  from  those  which  we  are  how 
privileged  to  look  upon.  No  stately  structures  for  city 
councils  or  for  courts  of  justice  were  then  standing 
upon  this  site.  There  was  no  Horticultural  Hall  in 
front,  delighting  the  eye  and  making  the  mouth  water 
with  the  exquisite  flowers  and  luscious  fruits  of  neigh- 
boring gardens  and  green-houses.  There  were  no 
shops  and  stores,  filled  with  the  countless  fabrics  of 
foreign  and  domestic  labor,  facing  and  flanking  it  on 
every  side.  Yet  all  was  not  different.  The  fathers 
and  founders  of  Boston  and  of  Massachusetts,  —  more 
than  one,  certainly,  of  the  earliest  ministers  and  ear- 
liest magistrates  of  the  grand  old  Puritan  colony, — 
were  slumbering  then  as  they  are  slumbering  now, 
in  their  unadorned  and  humble  graves  at  our  side,  in 
what  was  then  little  more  than  a  village  church-yard,  — 

"Each  in  his  narrow  cell  forever  laid;"  — 

and  yonder  House  of  God,  of  about  half  its  present 
proportions,  was  already  casting  its  consecrated  shadows 
over  the  mouldering  turf  which  covered  them.  At 
the  lower  end  of  the  sacred  edifice,  for  the  enlarge- 


INAUGURAL   ORATION.  225 

ment  of  which  it  was  finally  removed  about  the  year 
1748,  there  might  have  been  seen  a  plain  wooden 
building,  of  a  story  and  a  half  in  height,  in  which 
Ezekiel  Cheever,  of  immortal  memory,  — u  the  ancient 
and  honorable  Master  of  the  Free  School  in  Boston," — 
had  exercised  his  magisterial  functions  for  more  than 
five-and-thirty  years.  He,  too,  at  the  date  of  which  I 
am  speaking,  was  freshly  resting  from  his  labors,  having 
died,  at  the  age  of  ninety-four,  about  six  years  pre- 
viously, and  having  fully  justified  the  quaint  remark 
of  Cotton  Mather,  that  he  "  left  off  teaching  only  when 
mortality  took  him  off."  But  the  homely  old  school- 
house  was  still  here,  under  the  charge  of  one  Mr. 
Nathaniel  Williams,  and  among  the  younger  boys  who 
were  daily  seen  bounding  forth  from  its  irksome  con- 
finement at  the  allotted  hour,  to  play  on  the  very 
green  on  which  we  are  now  gathered,  was  ONE,  who 
probably  as  little  dreamed  that  he  should  ever  be  the 
subject  of  a  commemoration  or  a  statue,  as  the  hum- 
blest of  those  five-and-twenty  thousand  children  who 
are  now  receiving  their  education  at  the  public  expense 
within  our  city  limits,  and  some  of  whom  are  at  this 
moment  so  charmingly  grouped  around  us ! 

Descended  from  a  sturdy  stock,  which  an  original 
tithe-book,  —  recently  discovered  and  sent  over  to  his 
friend  Mr.  Everett,  by  one  who  finds  so  much  delight 
himself,  and  furnishes  so  much  delight  to  all  the  world, 
in  dealing  with  the  heroes  and  demigods  of  humanity 

29 


(Thomas  Carljle)  —  descended  from  a  sturdy  stock  of 
blacksmiths,  which  this  curious  and  precious  relic  ena- 
bles us  to  trace  distinctly  back  to  their  anvils  and  their 
forge-hammers,  and  to  catch  a  glimpse  of  "  their  black 
knuckles  and  their  hobnailed  shoes,"  more  than  two 
centuries  ago,  at  the  little  village  of  Ecton,  in  North- 
amptonshire, old  England,  —  born,  himself,  near  the 
corner  of  our  own  Milk  Street,  only  eight  years  before 
the  scene  I  have  just  described,  and  baptized,  with  most 
significant  punctuality,  on  the  same  day,  in  the  Old 
South  Meetinghouse,  —  he  was  now,  indeed,  a  bright, 
precocious  youth,  who  could  never  remember  a  time 
when  he  could  not  read,  and  his  pious  father  and 
mother  were  already  cherishing  a  purpose  "  to  devote 
him  to  the  service  of  the  church,  as  the  tythe  of  their 
sons."  So  he  had  been  sent  to  the  public  grammar 
school,  (for  Boston  afforded  but  one,  I  believe,  at  that 
precise  moment,)  to  get  his  education;  —  but  he  con- 
tinued there  rather  less  than  a  single  year,  notwith- 
standing that  "  in  that  time  (to  use  his  own  words)  he 
had  risen  gradually  from  the  middle  of  the  class  of 
that  year  to  be  at  the  head  of  the  same  class,  and  was 
removed  into  the  next  class,  whence  he  was  to  be 
placed  in  the  third  at  the  end  of  the  year."  He  was 
evidently  a  fast  boy,  —  in  more  senses  of  the  word 
than  one,  perhaps,  —  and  his  progress  was  quite  too 
rapid  for  his  father's  purse,  who  could  not  contemplate 
the  expense  of  giving  him  a  college  education.  Accord- 


INAUGURAL    ORATION.  227 

ingly,  "  he  was  taken  away  from  the  grammar  school, 
and  sent  to  a  school  for  writing  and  arithmetic  kept  by 
a  then  famous  man,  Mr.  George  Brownwell,  where  he 
learned  to  write  a  good  hand  pretty  soon,  but  failed 
entirely  in  arithmetic." 

And  thus  the  little  fellow  disappeared  from  the 
play-ground  on  which  we  are  now  standing,  and  pres- 
ently from  all  the  opportunities  of  education  which 
his  native  place  supplied.  Not  long  afterwards  we 
trace  him  helping  his  father  at  soap-boiling  and  tallow- 
chandling  at  the  sign  of  the  Blue  Ball,  (now  the  Golden 
Ball),  at  the  corner  of  Union  and  Hanover  Streets. 
Next  we  find  him  working  his  brother's  printing  press 
in  Queen  Street,  now  Court  Street,  and  diversifying 
his  labors  as  an  apprentice  with  the  most  diligent  and 
devoted  efforts  to  increase  his  information  and  improve 
his  mind.  Now  and  then  we  detect  him  writing  a  bal- 
lad,—  "a  Light  House  Tragedy,"  or  a  "Song  about 
Blackbeard,  the  Pirate,"  —  and  hawking  it  through  the 
streets,  by  way  of  pastime  or  to  turn  a  penny.  Now 
and  then  we  discover  him  trying  his  pen  most  success- 
fully at  an  anonymous  article  for  his  brother's  news- 
paper. Presently  we  see  him,  for  a  short  time,  at  little 
more  than  sixteen  years  of  age,  the  ostensible  and 
responsible  editor  of  that  paper,  and  in  the  New  Eng- 
land Courant,  printed  and  sold  in  Queen  Street,  Boston, 
on  the  llth  day  of  February,  1723,  there  appears, 
in  fair  round  capitals,  the  name  of  BENJAMIN  FRANKLIN, 


228  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

—  never  again  to  be  undistinguished  while  he  lived, 
nor  ever  to  be  unremembered  in  the  history  of  New 
England  or  of  the  world. 

But  circumstances  in  his  domestic  condition  proved 
unpropitious  to  the  further  development  of  his  destiny 
at  home.  His  spirit  was  winged  for  a  wider  and  bolder 
flight  than  discreet  and  prudent  parents  would  be 
likely  to  encourage  or  to  sanction.  It  was,  certainly, 
altogether  too  soaring  to  be  longer  hampered  by  fra- 
ternal leading  strings,  and  it  was  soon  found  chafing  at 
the  wires  of  the  domestic  cage.  Disgusted  at  last  with 
the  impediments  which  were  thrown  in  his  way,  and 
yearning  for  an  assertion  of  his  personal  independence, 
he  slips  the  noose  which  binds  him  to  his  birth-place, 
and  is  suddenly  found  seeking  his  fortunes,  under  every 
discouragement,  three  or  four  hundred  miles  away 
from  home  or  kindred  or  acquaintance.  A  lad  of  only 
seventeen,  Franklin  has  disappeared  not  only  from  the 
old  School-house  Green,  but  from  Boston  altogether. — 
But  not  forever.  He  has  carried  with  him  a  native 
energy,  integrity,  perseverance  and  self-reliance,  which 
nothing  could  subdue  or  permanently  repress.  He  has 
carried  with  him  a  double  measure  of  the  gristle  and 
the  grit  which  are  the  best  ingredient  and  most  pro- 
ductive yield  of  the  ice  and  granite  of  New  England. 
And  now,  fellow  citizens,  commences  a  career,  which 
for  its  varied  and  almost  romantic  incidents,  for  its 
uniform  and  brilliant  success,  and  for  its  eminent  public 


INAUGURAL   ORATION.  229 

usefulness,  can  hardly  be  paralleled  in  the  history  of 
the  human  race.  This  is  not  the  occasion  for  doing 
full  justice  to  such  a  career.  Even  the  barest  and 
briefest  allusion  to  the  posts  which  were  successively 
held,  and  the  services  to  his  country  and  to  mankind 
which  were  successively  rendered,  by  the  GREAT  Bos- 
TONIAN,  would  require  far  more  time  than  can  be  appro- 
priately consumed  in  these  inaugural  exercises.  The 
most  rapid  outline  is  all  I  dare  attempt. 

The  life  of  Franklin  presents  him  in  four  several 
and  separate  relations  to  society,  in  each  one  of  which 
he  did  enough  to  have  filled  up  the  full  measure  of  a 
more  than  ordinary  life,  and  to  have  secured  for  him- 
self an  imperishable  renown  with  posterity.  As  we 
run  over  that  life  ever  so  cursorily,  we  see  him  first 
as  a  MECHANIC,  and  the  son  of  a  Mechanic,  aiding  his 
father  for  a  year  or  two  in  his  humble  toil,  and  then 
taking  upon  himself,  as  by  a  Providential  instinct,  that 
profession  of  a  PRINTER,  in  which  he  delighted  to  class 
himself  to  the  latest  hour  of  his  life.  You  all  remem- 
ber, I  doubt  not,  that  when  in  the  year  1788,  at  the 
age  of  eighty-two  years,  he  made  that  last  Will  and 
Testament,  which  Boston  apprentices  and  Boston  school 
boys  will  never  forget,  nor  ever  remember  without 
gratitude,  he  commenced  it  thus  :  "  I,  Benjamin  Frank- 
lin, of  Philadelphia,  Printer,  late  Minister  Plenipoten- 
tiary from  the  United  States  of  America  to  the  Court 


230  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

of  France,  now  President  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania, 
do  make  and  declare  my  last  Will  and  Testament  as 
follows."  Before  all  other  titles  he  placed  that  of  his 
chosen  craft,  and  deemed  no  designation  of  himself 
complete,  in  which  that  was  not  foremost.  In  the 
midst  of  his  highest  distinctions,  and  while  associated 
with  statesmen  and  courtiers  at  home  or  abroad,  he 
was  proud  to  be  found  turning  aside  to  talk,  not  merely 
with  the  Baskervilles  and  Strahans  who  were  so  long 
his  chosen  friends,  but  with  the  humbler  laborers  at  the 
press  —  "entering  into  their  schemes  and  suggesting 
or  aiding  improvements  in  their  art."  In  the  last  year 
but  one  of  his  life,  he  writes  to  his  sister  —  "I  am  too 
old  to  follow  printing  again  myself,  but  loving  the  busi- 
ness, I  have  brought  up  my  grandson  Benjamin  to  it, 
and  have  built  and  furnished  a  printing-house  for  him, 
which  he  now  manages  under  my  own  eye."  He  had 
an  early  and  intense  perception  of  the  dignity  and 
importance  of  that  great  engine  for  informing  and 
influencing  the  public  opinion  of  the  world,  and  a 
prophetic  foresight  of  the  vast  and  varied  power  which 
a  Free  Press  was  to  exert,  for  good  or  for  evil,  in  his 
own  land,  —  and  he  seemed  peculiarly  anxious  that  his 
personal  relations  to  it  should  never  be  forgotten. 

And  they  never  will  be  forgotten.  If  Franklin  had 
never  been  anything  else  than  a  printer,  if  he  had  ren- 
dered no  services  to  his  country  or  to  mankind  but 
those  which  may  fairly  be  classed  under  this  depart- 


INAUGURAL    ORATION.  231 

ment  of  his  career,  he  would  still  have  left  a  mark 
upon  his  age  which  could  not  have  been  mistaken  or 
overlooked.  It  was  as  a  printer,  that  he  set  such  an 
example  to  his  fellow-mechanics  of  all  ages,  of  industry, 
temperance  and  frugality,  —  of  truth,  sincerity  and  in- 
tegrity. "  The  industry  of  that  Franklin,"  said  an  eye- 
witness of  his  early  habits,  (Dr.  Baird,)  "is  superior  to 
anything  I  ever  saw  of  the  kind;  I  see  him  still  at 
work  when  I  go  home  from  Club,  and  he  is  at  work 
again  before  his  neighbors  are  out  of  bed."  And  you 
all  remember  how  the  ale-drinking  apprentices  of  Lon- 
don sneered  at  him  as  "the  Water- American,"  and 
wondered  how  one  who  drank  no  strong  beer,  could  be 
so  much  stronger  than  themselves !  It  was  as  a  printer, 
that  he  instituted  those  Clubs  for  discussion  and  mutual 
improvement,  which  elevated  the  character  and  import- 
ance of  the  working  classes  wherever  they  were  intro- 
duced. It  was  as  a  printer,  that  he  displayed  such 
extraordinary  mechanical  ingenuity,  in  making  for  him- 
self whatever  articles  he  needed  in  his  own  profession, 
founding  letters  of  lead,  carving  ornaments  and  cuts 
of  wood,  engraving  vignettes  upon  copper,  mixing  his 
own  printer's  ink,  and  manufacturing  his  own  plate 
press.  It  was  as  a  printer,  that  he  set  on  foot  the  first 
subscription  Circulating  Library,  "  the  mother  of  all  in 
North  America."  It  was  as  a  printer,  that  he  did  so 
much  to  improve  the  character  of  the  Newspaper  Press 
of  the  American  Colonies,  asserting  its  liberty,  discour- 


232  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

aging  its  licentiousness,  protesting  against  its  being 
employed  as  an  instrument  of  scandal,  defamation  and 
detraction,  and  exhibiting  it  as  the  worthy  and  chosen 
vehicle  of  information,  entertainment  and  instruction. 
It  was  as  a  printer,  that  he  commenced  and  continued 
that  series  of  delightful  Essays,  sometimes  political, 
sometimes  historical,  sometimes  moral,  sometimes  satir- 
ical or  playful,  which  are  hardly  inferior  in  wit  and 
wisdom  to  the  best  papers  of  Johnson  or  of  Adclison, 
of  the  witty  Dean  of  St.  Patrick's  or  the  genial  Canon 
of  St.  Paul's,  —  and  which  would  have  secured  and 
established  the  permanent  literary  reputation  of  their 
author,  had  no  other  monument  of  his  labors  existed. 
It  was  as  a  printer,  above  all,  that  he  prepared  and  pub- 
lished for  so  many  years  his  immortal  Almanac,  under 
the  name  of  Eichard  Saunders,  with  those  inimitable 
proverbs,  some  of  them  only  second  to  those  of  Solo- 
mon, of  which  so  many  millions  of  copies,  in  almost 
every  language  and  tongue  known  beneath  the  sun, 
have  been  scattered  broadcast  throughout  the  world, 
for  the  entertainment  and  instruction  of  young  and 
old,  rich  and  poor,  wise  and  simple.  When  will  ever 
Poor  Richard  be  forgotten  !  Or  when  will  he  ever  be 
remembered  without  fresh  admiration  for  the  shrewd, 
sagacious  common  sense,  which  he  poured  forth  with 
such  charming  good  humor,  and  in  such  exhaustless 
profusion ! 

Well  may  the  mechanics  of  Boston  take  the  lead  in 


INAUGURAL   ORATION.  233 

every  commemoration  of  Benjamin  Franklin,— -  as  they 
have  done  in  that  of  which  this  day  witnesses  the  com- 
pletion, — for  it  was  as  a  Boston  Mechanic  that  he  laid 
the  foundations,  strong  and  deep,  of  a  character  which 
no  temptations  or  trials  could  ever  shake,  and  of  a 
fame  which  will  know  no  limits  but  those  of  civiliza- 
tion, and  no  termination  but  that  of  time! 

But  the  ingenuity  and  invention  of  Franklin,  while 
they  stooped  to  supply  not  merely  every  want  which 
he  encountered  in  his  own  profession,  but  every  want 
which  he  observed  in  his  relations  with  others,  could 
not  be  confined  within  any  mere  mechanical  limits,  but 
demanded  nothing  less  than  the  whole  circle  of  art  and 
nature  for  their  display.  If  nothing  was  too  low  for 
his  care,  neither  was  anything  too  lofty  for  his  contem- 
plation ;  and  as  we  run  over  his  life,  he  stands  before 
us  in  the  character  of  a  PHILOSOPHER,  not  less  distinctly 
or  less  proudly  than  we  have  just  seen  him  in  the 
character  of  a  Printer. 

It  is  with  no  little  interest  that  we  recall  his  own 
statement,  that  it  was  in  his  native  Boston  that  his 
curiosity  was  first  excited  in  regard  to  the  nature  of 
that  wonderful  element,  from  the  investigation  of  which 
he  was  destined  to  derive  his  highest  and  most  per- 
vading celebrity.  Here,  in  the  year  1746,  he  received 
the  earliest  impressions  upon  the  subject  of  electricity, 
and  here,  among  the  Bowdoins  and  Chauncys  and 

30 


234  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Coopers  ^  and  Quincys  and  Winthrops  of  that  day,  he 
found  some  of  the  earliest  and  latest  sympathizers  and 
cooperators  in  his  scientific  as  well  as  in  his  political 
pursuits.  The  gradual  steps  by  which  he  advanced 
in  his  electrical  researches  are  for  the  historian  and 
biographer;  the  transcendent  result  is  familiar  to  you 
all.  When  Franklin  had  completed  that  grand  and 
unparalleled  discovery, —  arresting  the  very  thunder- 
bolts on  their  flaming  circuit  through  the  sky,  chal- 
lenging them  forth  from  their  chariots  of  fire,  and 
compelling  them  to  a  reluctant  revelation  of  the  nature 
of  their  mysterious,  mighty  energies, — he  had  reached 
a  pinnacle  of  human  glory  which  had  not  been  ap- 
proached by  any  man  of  his  country  or  of  his  age. 
His  fame  was  flashed  from  pole  to  pole  over  the  whole 
habitable  globe,  and  hardly  a  civilized  region,  over 
which  a  thunder-cloud  ever  pealed  or  rattled,  was  long 
left  ignorant  of  the  name  of  him,  who  had  disarmed 
it  of  its  shafts  and  stripped  it  of  its  terrors. 

The  boldness  and  sublimity  of  the  experiment,  by 
which  his  theories  were  finally  tested  and  confirmed, 
have  never  been  surpassed,  if  they  have  ever  been 
equalled,  in  the  walks  of  science,  and  even  the  battle- 
fields of  ancient  or  modern  history  may  be  explored 
in  vain  for  a  loftier  exhibition  of  moral  and  physical 
heroism. 

See  him  going  forth  into  the  fields,  with  no  attend- 
ant or  witness  but  his  own  son,  lest  a  failure  should 


INAUGURAL   ORATION.  235 

bring  discredit,  —  not  upon  himself,  for  no  man  cared 
less  for  anything  which  might  concern  himself,  —  but 
upon  the  experiment  he  was  about  to  try,  and  upon 
the  theory  which  he  knew  must  prove  true  in  the  end. 
See  him  calmly  awaiting  the  gathering  of  the  coming 
storm,  and  then  lifting  his  little  kite,  with  an  iron  point 
at  the  top  of  the  stick,  and  a  steel  key  at  the  end  of 
the  hempen  string,  to  draw  deliberately  down  upon  his 
own  head  a  full  charge  of  the  Artillery  of  Heaven! 
See  him,  disappointed  at  first,  but  never  despairing  or 
doubting,  applying  his  own  knuckle  to  the  key, — 
knocking,  as  it  were,  at  the  very  gates  of  the  mighty 
Thunderer,  —  and  eagerly  standing  to  receive  that  bolt, 
from  which  so  many  of  us,  even  now  that  he  has  pro- 
vided so  complete  a  shield,  shrink  away  so  often  in 
terror!  A  similar  experiment  is  to  cost  the  life  of  a 
distinguished  Russian  philosopher  at  St.  Petersburg 
only  a  few  months  afterwards.  Shall  Franklin's  life  be 
spared  now  ?  Well  has  Mr.  Everett  suggested  that 
if  that  moment  had  been  his  last,  "  conscious  of 
an  immortal  name,  he  must  have  felt  that  he  could 
have  been  content."  But  the  good  providence  of  God, 
in  which,  as  we  shall  see,  Franklin  always  trusted, 
permitted  the  cloud  to  emit  but  a  single  spark  That 
spark  was  enough.  His  theory  is  confirmed  and  veri- 
fied. Henceforth,  in  the  latest  words  of  the  dying 
Arago,  Electricity  is  Franklin's.  "To  him  the  world 
owes  the  knowledge  which  led  to  the  Telegraph,  the 


236  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Electroplate,  the  Electrotype.  Every  fresh  adaptation 
of  electricity  is  a  stone  added  to  his  monument. 
They  are  only  improvements  of  his  bequest.  Elec- 
tricity is  Franklin's."  His  name  has,  indeed,  become 
immortal,  but,  thanks  be  to  God,  his  life  is  still  pre- 
served for  the  best  interests  of  his  country  and  for  the 
welfare  of  the  world. 

But  the  fame  of  Franklin  as  a  philosopher  rests  not 
alone  on  his  discoveries  in  any  single  department  of 
natural  history,  and  the  brilliancy  of  his  electrical 
experiments  must  not  be  permitted  to  eclipse  his  many 
other  services  to  science.  Nothing,  indeed,  within  the 
range  of  philosophical  inquiry,  seemed  to  be  beyond 
his  eager  and  comprehensive  grasp,  and  to  the  end  of 
his  long  life  he  was  yearly  adding  something  to  the 
stock  of  scientific  knowledge.  He  delighted  to  employ 
himself  in  searching  out  the  causes  of  the  common 
operations  of  nature,  as  well  as  of  its  more  striking 
and  remarkable  phenomena.  The  principles  of  evapo- 
ration, the  origin  of  the  saltness  of  the  sea  and  the 
formation  of  saltxrnines,  the  habitual  commencement 
of  north-easterly  storms  at  the  south-east,  the  influ- 
ence of  oil  in  smoothing  the  waters  and  stilling  the 
waves,  and  a  hundred  other  subjects,  at  that  time  by 
no  means  familiar  to  the  common  understanding,  were 
elaborately  investigated  and  explained  by  him.  In- 
deed, wherever  he  went,  he  was  sure  to  find  material 
for  his  inquisitive  and  penetrating  mind.  A  badly 


INAUGURAL    ORATION.  237 

heated  room  would  furnish  him  with  a  motive  for 
inventing  a  better  stove,  and  a  smoking  chimney  would 
give  him  no  rest  until  he  had  studied  the  art  of  curing 
it.  Did  he  visit  Holland,  —  he  is  found  learning  from 
the  boatmen  that  vessels  propelled  by  an  equal  force 
move  more  slowly  in  shoal  than  in  deep  water,  and 
forthwith  he  engages  in  patient  experiments  to  verify 
and  illustrate  the  lesson,  for  the  benefit  of  those  who 
may  be  employed  in  constructing  canals.  Did  the 
bark  in  which  he  was  crossing  the  ocean  stop  a  day  or 
two  at  Madeira, —  he  seizes  the  occasion  to  procure  and 
write  out  a  full  account  of  its  soil,  climate,  population 
and  productions.  And  while  the  ship  is  in  full  sail, 
behold  him  from  day  to  day  the  laughing-stock  of  the 
sailors,  who  probably  regarded  him  as  only  a  whimsical 
land-lubber,  while  he  sits  upon  the  deck  dipping  his 
thermometer  into  successive  tubs  of  water,  baled  out 
for  the  purpose,  —  or,  perhaps,  directly  into  the  ocean, 
—  to  ascertain  by  the  differences  of  temperature  the 
range  and  extent  of  the  Gulf  Stream,  —  and  thus  fur- 
nishing the  basis  of  that  geography  of  the  seas,  which 
has  recently  assumed  so  imposing  a  shape  under  the 
hands  of  the  accomplished  and  enterprising  Maury. 

No  wonder  that  the  great  English  historian  of  that 
period,  the  philosophic  Hume,  wrote  to  Franklin  as  he 
was  leaving  England  to  return  home  in  1762:  "I  am 
sorry  that  you  intend  soon  to  leave  our  hemisphere. 
America  has  sent  us  many  good  things,  gold,  silver, 


238  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

sugar,  tobacco,  indigo,  &c.;  but  you  are  the  first  philoso- 
pher, and,  indeed,  the  first  great  man  of  letters  for 
whom  we  are  beholden  to  her."  And  most  justly  did 
Sir  Humphrey  Davy  say  of  him  at  a  later  day  —  "  He 
has  in  no  instance  exhibited  that  false  dignity,  by 
which  philosophy  is  kept  aloof  from  common  applica- 
tions ;  and  he  has  sought  rather  to  make  her  a  useful 
inmate  and  servant  in  the  common  habitations  of  man, 
than  to  preserve  her  merely  as  an  object  of  admiration 
in  temples  and  palaces."  Indeed,  his  merits  as  a  phi- 
losopher were  early  and  everywhere  recognized  and 
acknowledged,  and  our  BOSTON  PRINTER  was  introduced 
and  welcomed  into  Royal  Societies  and  Imperial  Acade- 
mies and  Institutes,  in  almost  every  kingdom  on  the 
globe. 

Nor  were  his  scientific  attainments  recognized  only 
by  diplomas  and  titular  distinctions.  It  is  pleasant  to 
remember  that  the  great  British  powder  magazines  at 
Purfleet,  and  the  magnificent  cathedral  of  St.  Paul's, 
were  both  protected  from  the  danger  of  lightning  by 
rods  arranged  under  Franklin's  immediate  direction ; 
while  some  years  later,  (1784,)  the  King  of  France 
placed  him  at  the  head  of  a  commission,  consisting  of 
five  members  from  the  Royal  Academy  of  Sciences, 
and  four  members  from  the  Faculty  of  Medicine,  to 
investigate  the  subject  of  animal  magnetism,  then 
first  introduced  to  the  notice  of  the  world  by  the 
celebrated  Mesmer. 


INAUGURAL    ORATION.  239 

In  running  over  the  marvellous  career  of  Benjamin 
Franklin,  we  hail  him  next,  in  the  third  place,  as  a 
STATESMAN  and  PATRIOT,  second  to  no  one  of  his  time  in 
the  variety  and  success  of  his  efforts  to  build  up  the 
institutions  of  our  country,  both  state  and  national,  and 
in  promoting  and  establishing  her  Union  and  her  Inde- 
pendence. 

Franklin  made  his  first  formal  appearance  on  the 
political  stage,  at  the  age  of  thirty  years,  in  the  humble 
capacity  of  clerk  of  the  general  assembly  of  Penn- 
sylvania at  Philadelphia,  in  the  year  1736.  But  his 
thoughts  being  now  turned  to  public  affairs,  he  at  once 
commenced  instituting  reforms  wherever  an  opportu- 
nity presented  itself.  Nothing  which  could  contribute 
to  the  welfare  of  the  community  in  which  he  lived,  was 
too  seemingly  insignificant  for  his  attention.  The  regu- 
lation of  the  city  watch,  the  paving  and  sweeping  and 
lighting  of  the  streets,  the  organization  of  fire  com- 
panies, the  foundation  of  schools  and  academies,  suc- 
cessively occupied  his  earliest  care.  His  fitness  for 
every  sort  of  public  employment  soon  becoming  mani- 
fest, he  was  spared  from  no  service  within  the  gift 
either  of  the  executive  or  of  the  people.  In  the  single 
year  1750,  while  he  was  just  commencing  his  philo- 
sophical pursuits,  he  was  called  upon  to  discharge  the 
duties  of  a  justice  of  the  peace,  (no  sinecure  in  that 
day,)  by  the  governor ;  of  a  common  councilman,  and 
then  an  alderman,  by  the  corporation  of  Philadelphia ; 


240  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

and  of  a  burgess,  to  represent  them  in  the  State  Assem- 
bly, by  his  fellow-citizens  at  large.  The  next  year  finds 
him  delegated  as  a  commissioner  to  treat  with  the 
Indians.  The  next  year,  he  is  appointed  joint  post- 
master general  of  the  colonies.  The  following  year, 
—  the  ever  memorable  year  of  1754,  —  he  is  one  of  a 
congress  of  commissioners  from  all  the  colonies  at 
Albany,  to  confer  with  the  chiefs  of  the  Six  Nations 
concerning  the  means  of  defending  the  country  from  a 
threatened  invasion  by  France.  And  then  and  there, 
in  that  capacity,  our  Boston  printer  first  projected  and 
proposed  a  Union  of  all  the  colonies  under  one  govern- 
ment, —  the  original  suggestion  of  that  glorious  UNION 
which  was  afterwards  adopted  as  a  defence  against  the 
tyrannical  oppression  of  Great  Britain,  and  which  is  still 
our  best  and  only  defence,  not  only  against  Great 
Britain  and  all  the  rest  of  the  world,  but  against  each 
other,  and  against  ourselves,  too.  God  grant  that  this 
Union  may  be  no  less  durable  than  the  solid  bronze  of 
which  the  statue  of  its  earliest  proposer  and  constant 
advocate  is  composed,  —  defying  alike  the  corrosions  of 
time,  the  shock  of  strife,  and  the  convulsions  of  every 
evil  element ! 

The  next  year,  1755,  w^e  see  him  procuring  wagons 
for  General  Braddock,  who  had  utterly  failed  to  pro- 
cure them  by  any  other  agency,  and  advancing  for  the 
service  upwards  of  a  thousand  pounds  sterling  out  of 
his  own  pocket.  And  then,  too,  it  was,  that  with  a 


INAUGURAL    ORATION.  241 

sagacity  so  remarkable,  he  distinctly  predicted  the  pre- 
cise ambuscade  which  resulted  in  the  disastrous  defeat 
of  that  ill-starred  expedition.  Before  the  close  of  the 
same  year,  we  find  him  marching  himself,  at  the  head 
of  a  body  of  troops,  to  protect  the  frontier,  —  not  wait- 
ing, I  presume,  to  be  formally  commissioned  as  com- 
mander, since  it  is  not  until  the  succeeding  year, 
1756, — just  one  hundred  years  ago,  —  that  we  see 
him  regularly  sworn  in  as  colonel,  and  learn  that 
several  glasses  of  his  electrical  apparatus  were  shaken 
down  and  broken,  by  the  volleys  fired  under  his  win- 
dows, as  a  salute,  after  the  first  review  of  his  regiment. 
Passing  over  the  six  or  seven  next  years,  which 
belong  to  another  department  of  his  career,  we-  find 
him  in  1763,  sole  postmaster  general  of  British  North 
America,  and  spending  five  or  six  months  in  travelling 
through  the  northern  colonies  in  an  old-fashioned  gig, 
for  the  purpose  of  inspecting  and  arranging  the  post 
offices.  Soon  afterwards  we  see  him  taking  a  leading 
part  in  stopping  the  tide  of  insurrection  and  quieting 
the  commotions  arising  out  of  the  inhuman  massacre 
of  the  Indians  in  Lancaster  County,  —  appealing  to  the 
people  in  an  eloquent  and  masterly  pamphlet,  organ- 
izing a  military  association,  and  by  his  personal  exer- 
tions and  influence  strengthening  the  arm  of  govern- 
ment and  upholding  the  supremacy  of  the  laws.  And 
now,  in  1764,  we  welcome  him,  assuming  the  chair  as 
speaker  of  the  Pennsylvania  Assembly,  to  sign  a  bold 

31 


242  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

petition  to  the  king  against  the  proprietary  govern- 
ment, which  he  had  drafted  and  defended  on  the  floor, 
but  to  which  the  previous  speaker  had  shrunk  from 
affixing  his  signature. 

Passing  over  another  interval  of  a  little  more  than 
ten  years,  (to  be  the  subject  of  separate  allusion  under 
another  view  of  his  services,)  we  meet  him  next,  on 
his  own  soil,  in  1775,  as  a  delegate  from  Pennsylvania 
to  the  second  Continental  Congress.  He  serves  simul- 
taneously as  chairman  of  the  committee  of  safety 
appointed  by  the  Pennsylvania  Assembly.  "  In  the 
morning  at  six  o'clock,"  (says  he  of  this  period,  and  he 
was  then  sixty-nine  years  of  age,)  "I  am  at  the  com- 
mittee of  safety,  which  committee  holds  till  near  nine, 
when  I  am  at  Congress,  and  that  sits  till  after  four  in 
the  afternoon."  In  the  Continental  Congress,  we  find 
him  successively  proposing  a  plan  of  confederation; 
assuming  the  entire  management  of  the  American  post 
office ;  at  the  head  of  the  commissioners  for  Indian 
affairs ;  a  leading  member  of  the  committee  of  secret 
correspondence,  and  of  almost  every  other  committee, 
whether  for  secret  or  for  open  negotiations ;  a  delegate 
to  the  American  camp  at  Cambridge,  to  consult  with 
Washington  and  the  continental  army  for  the  relief 
of  his  native  town ;  a  delegate  to  Canada,  to  concert 
measures  of  sympathy  and  succor;  and  finally,  one  of 
the  illustrious  Committee  of  Five,  with  Thomas  Jeffer- 
son, and  John  Adams,  and  Roger  Sherman,  and  Robert 


INAUGURAL    ORATION.  243 

R  Livingston,  to  draft  the  Declaration  of  Independence. 
That  Declaration  is  reported  and  adopted,  and  Franklin 
signs  it  in  his  order  with  an  untrembling  hand.  He 
would  seem,  however,  to  have  fully  realized  the  mo- 
mentous character  of  the  act,  when  he  humorously 
replied  to  our  own  John  Hancock,  —  who  had  said 
u  There  must  be  no  pulling  different  ways,  we  must  all 
hang  together;"  —  "Yes,  we  must,  indeed,  all  hang 
together,  or  most  assuredly  we  shall  all  hang  sepa- 
rately." Ho  was  as  ready  to  brave  the  strokes  of 
arbitrary  power,  as  he  had  been  those  of  the  lightning 
of  Heaven,  —  to  snatch  the  sceptre  from  tyrants  as  the 
thunder-bolt  from  the  clouds ;  and  he  might  almost 
seem  to  have  adopted,  as  the  motto  at  once  of  his 
scientific  and  political  life,  those  noble  lines  of  a  cotem- 
porary  poet  — 

"  Thy  spirit,  Independence,  let  me  share ! 
Lord  of  the  lion  heart  and  eagle  eye, 
Thy  steps  I  follow  with  my  bosom  bare, 

Nor  heed  the  storm  which  howls  along  the  sky !  " 

And  now  he  presides  over  the  convention  which 
frames  the  constitution  of  Pennsylvania ;  and,  after 
another  interval  of  about  eight  years  and  a  half,  (to  be 
accounted  for  presently,)  we  see  him  presiding  over  the 
state  itself,  whose '  constitution  he  had  thus  aided  in 
forming.  Now,  too,  at  the  age  of  eighty,  the  Nestor 
of  America,  as  he  was  well  styled  by  the  National 
Assembly  of  France,  he  is  found  among  the  delegates 


244  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

to  the  convention  which  framed  the  constitution  of 
the  United  States,  and  there  we  may  hear  him  making 
two  brief  but  most  characteristic  and  remarkable 
speeches.  One  of  them  I  reserve  for  the  conclusion 
of  this  discourse.  The  other  was  delivered  on  the 
twenty-eighth  day  of  June,  1787,  when  he  submitted 
that  memorable  motion, —  seconded  by  Roger  Sherman, 
and  said  by  at  least  one  member  of  the  convention  to 
have  been  rejected  only  because  they  had  no  funds  for 
meeting  the  expense,  but  which,  at  any  rate,  found 
only  three  or  four  voices  to  sustain  it, —  that  "  hence- 
forth prayers,  imploring  the  assistance  of  Heaven,  and 
its  blessings  on  our  deliberations,  be  held  in  this  assem- 
bly every  morning  before  we  proceed  to  business." 

"I  have  lived,  Sir,  (said  he  most  nobly,)  a  long  time, 
and  the  longer  I  live,  the  more  convincing  proofs  I 
see  of  this  truth  —  that  God  governs  in  the  affairs  of 
men.  And  if  a  sparrow  cannot  fall  to  the  ground  with- 
out his  notice,  is  it  probable  that  an  empire  can  rise 
without  his  aid  ?  We  have  been  assured,  Sir,  in  the 
Sacred  Writings,  that '  except  the  Lord  build  the  house, 
they  labor  in  vain  that  build  it.'  I  firmly  believe  this ; 
and  I  also  believe  that  without  his  concurring  aid  we 
shall  succeed  in  this  political  building  no  better  than 
the  builders  of  Babel.  We  shall  be  divided  by  our 
little  partial  local  interests;. our  projects  will  be  con- 
founded ;  and  we  ourselves  shall  become  a  reproach 
and  a  by-word  down  to  future  ages.  And  what  is 


INAUGURAL   ORATION.  245 

worse,  mankind  may  hereafter,  from  this  unfortunate 
instance,  despair  of  establishing  governments  by  human 
wisdom,  and  leave  it  to  chance,  war,  and  conquest." 

Glorious  words!  Precious  testimony!  Admirable 
example !  The  wisest  and  most  venerable  of  all  that 
wise  and  venerable  assembly,  full  of  the  largest  and 
richest  and  most  varied  experience ;  full,  too,  of  the 
fruits  of  the  most  profound  scientific  and  philosophical 
research,  —  even  he  that  had  a  divided  a  way  for  the 
lightnings,"  u  sending  them  that  they  might  go,  and  say 
unto  him,  Here  we  are,"  —  publicly  acknowledging  the 
utter  insufficiency  of  all  human  wisdom,  and  calling 
upon  his  associates  to  unite  with  him  in  "humbly 
applying  to  the  Father  of  Lights  to  illuminate  their 
understandings ! " 

Who  shall  say,  that  if  inequalities,  or  injustices,  or 
imperfections  of  any  sort,  exist  in  the  great  work  of 
that  convention,  which  even  now  may  threaten  its 
overthrow,  —  which  even  now  may  involve  us  in  the 
danger  of  being  "divided  by  our  little  partial  local 
interests  "  and  of  encountering  the  fate  of  "  the  builders 
of  Babel,"  —  who  shall  say  that  the  adoption  of  Frank- 
lin's resolution  might  not  have  averted  such  a  result  ? 
And  who  shall  doubt  that,  if,  in  the  future  administra- 
tion of  that  cherished  instrument,  all  human  wisdom 
shall  again  be  found  signally  at  fault,  as  it  is  found  at 
this  hour,  the  humble  prostration  of  a  whole  people, 
governors  and  governed,  in  prayer  to  God,  for  that 


246  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

most  neglected  of  all  subjects  of  prayer  —  the  preser- 
vation of  our  country  and  its  constitution,  its  union 
and  its  liberty,  —  might  not  be  a  more  effectual  safe- 
guard, than  all  the  brawlings  and  bickerings  and  wrest- 
lings and  wranglings  of  self-relying  and  self-magnifying 
politicians ! 

We  could  all  have  wished,  my  friends,  that  Franklin 
had  been  a  more  earnest  student  of  the  Gospel  of 
Christ ;  but  the  devout  reliance  upon  a  superintending 
Providence,  attested  by  frequent  prayer,  which  char- 
acterized him  from  his  youth  upwards,  and  which  never 
failed  him  in  private  or  in  public  life,  —  his  intimacy 
with  Whitefield  and  with  the  "Good  Bishop"  of  St. 
Asaph,  —  his  earnest  religious  advice  to  his  daughter, 
and  his  strenuous  remonstrance  against  the  infidel  pub- 
lications of  Paine,  —  furnish  ample  evidence  of  a  rev- 
erence for  sacred  things  and  solemn  observances,  which 
might  well  put  to  shame  the  indifference  of  not  a  few 
of  those,  who  may  be  most  disposed  to  cavil  about  his 
views  of  Christianity. 

But  there  is  another  phase  to  this  many-sided  and 
mighty  mind,  and  the  Great  Bostonian  stands  before  us, 
in  the  fourth  place,  as  a  DIPLOMATIC  AGENT  AND  AMBAS- 
SADOR in  foreign  lands ;  —  a  character  in  which  he 
rendered  services  of  inestimable  value  to  the  separate 
colonies  and  to  the  whole  country,  and  secured  a 
renown  quite  independent  of  that  which  he  had 


INAUGURAL   ORATION.  247 

achieved  as  a  Mechanic,  a  Philosopher,  or  a  Statesman, 
and  by  no  means  inferior  to  either. 

Franklin  spent  no  less  than  twenty-six  years  of  his 
mature  life  in  other  lands,  all  but  two  of  them  in  public 
employment.  He  was  more  than  five  years  in  London, 
between  1757  and  1763,  as  agent  of  Pennsylvania  to 
attend  to  that  petition  to  the  king,  which  he  had  been 
appointed  speaker  to  sign.  His  fame  as  a  philosopher 
and  a  writer  had  even  then  preceded  him.  He  had 
already  been  made  a  member  of  the  Eoyal  Society, 
and  had  received  the  medal  of  Sir  Godfrey  Copley. 
His  mission  at  this  time,  however,  gave  but  little  scope 
for  brilliant  service,  although  it  has  been  said  on  good 
authority  that  the  British  expedition  against  Canada, 
with  its  memorable  results  in  the  victory  of  Wolfe  and 
the  conquest  of  Quebec,  may  be  chiefly  ascribed  to  his 
earnest  recommendation  of  that  particular  policy  to  the 
British  ministry  of  that  day. 

His  second  and  more  important  visit  to  London,  in 
a  public  capacity,  extended  from  the  close  of  the  year 
1764,  to  May,  1775.  He  went  at  first,  as  before,  only 
as  agent  for  Pennsylvania,  but  soon  received  commis- 
sions as  agent  for  Georgia,  for  New  Jersey,  and  for  our 
own  Massachusetts  assembly.  Arriving  at  the  very  era 
of  the  stamp  act,  his  whole  residence  in  England,  of  more 
than  ten  years'  continuance,  was  crowded  with  incidents 
of  the  most  interesting  and  exciting  character.  If  no 
other  memorial  existed  of  Franklin's  wisdom,  courage 


248  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

and  patriotism,  than  the  single  record  of  his  extraordi- 
nary examination  before  the  House  of  Commons,  at 
the  beginning  of  the  year  1766,  the  statue  which  we 
are  about  to  inaugurate  would  have  an  ample  justifica- 
tion to  every  American  eye  and  in  every  American 
heart. 

If  any  one  desires  to  obtain  a  vivid  impression  of 
the  surpassing  qualities  of  this  wonderful  man,  —  of  his 
fullness  of  information,  of  his  firmness  of  purpose,  of 
his  wit,  prudence  and  indomitable  presence  of  mind, 
of  his  true  dignity  and  patriotic  devotedness  of  charac- 
ter, —  let  him  read  this  examination  as  contained  in 
his  published  works.  It  has  often  seemed  to  me  in- 
credible that  such  replies  could  have  been,  as  we  know 
they  were,  in  so  great  a  degree  unpremeditated.  There 
is  a  dramatic  power,  a  condensed  energy,  a  mingled 
force  and  felicity  of  expression,  with  an  unhesitating 
mastery  of  resources,  in  Franklin's  share  of  this  famous 
dialogue,  which  would  alone  have  secured  him  no 
second  place  among  the  remarkable  men  of  his  age. 
This  was  the  scene  of  his  glory  and  his  pride.  But  he 
was  no  stranger  to  the  other  side  of  the  picture.  He 
knew  how  to  be  humbled  as  well  as  how  to  be  exalted, 
how  to  be  silent  as  well  as  how  to  answer.  And  that 
subsequent  scene  in  the  privy  council  chamber,  on  the 
eleventh  of  January,  1774,  when  he  stood  as  the  "butt 
of  invective  ribaldry  for  near  an  hour,"  and  bore  with- 
out flinching,  in  his  capacity  of  agent  of  Massachusetts, 


INAUGURAL    ORATION.  249 

a  treatment  so  indecent  and  ignominious,  will  be 
remembered  by  every  true-hearted  American,  to  the 
latest  generation,  as  a  triumph  no  less  proud  and 
glorious. 

Another  year  attests  the  estimation  in  which  he  is 
held  by  the  greatest  figure  of  that  memorable  period 
of  English  history,  when  the  peerless  peer — the  incom- 
parable Chatham  —  not  only  introduced  him  personally 
into  the  House  of  Lords,  to  listen  to  his  burning  words 
on  a  motion  to  withdraw  the  troops  from  the  town  of 
Boston,  but  soon  afterwards,  on  being  reproached  with 
taking  counsel  of  Franklin,  "  made  no  scruple  to  declare 
that  if  he  were  the  first  minister  of  the  country,  and 
had  the  care  of  settling  this  momentous  business,  he 
should  not  be  ashamed  of  publicly  calling  to  his  assist- 
ance a  person  so  perfectly  acquainted  with  the  whole 
of  American  affairs  as  the  gentleman  alluded  to,  and 
so  injuriously  reflected  on ;  —  one,  whom  all  Europe 
held  in  high  estimation  for  his  knowledge  and  wisdom, 
and  ranked  with  our  Boyles  and  Newtons ;  who  was  an 
honor  not  to  the  English  nation  only,  but  to  human 
nature." 

But  by  far  the  greatest  of  Franklin's  services  in 
foreign  employment  remain  still  to  be  recounted.  It  is 
not  too  much  to  say,  that  the  early  success  of  our  revo- 
lutionary struggle  was  mainly  attributable  to  the  gen- 
erous and  magnanimous  aid  afforded  us  by  France, — 
represented  here,  on  this  occasion,  I  am  glad  to  per- 

32 


250  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

ceive,  by  her  highest  diplomatic  functionary,  (the  Count 
de  Sartiges).  —  Let  us  never  forget  the  magnitude  of 
our  indebtedness  to  France  for  that  noble  intervention, 
and  let  the  remembrance  of  it  serve  to  temper  the  ani- 
mosities and  soften  the  asperities  which  may  at  any 
time  spring  up  in  our  intercourse  with  her  people  or 
her  rulers,  —  inclining  us  ever  to  maintain  the  kindest 
and  most  amicable  relations  with  both.  But  let  us 
never  fail  to  remember  that  for  the  French  alliance, 
with  all  its  advantages  and  aids,  our  country  was 
indebted,  more  than  to  any  or  all  other  causes,  to 
the  character,  the  influence  and  the  efforts  of  Ben- 
jamin Franklin.  His  celebrity  as  a  philosopher,  a 
man  of  letters,  a  statesman,  and  a  bold  defender 
of  his  country's  rights  and  liberties,  prepared  the  way 
for  his  success.  The  intelligence,  information  and 
lofty  independence  he  had  displayed  during  his  recent 
examination  before  the  British  commons,  and  the  un- 
flinching firmness  with  which  he  had  borne  the  abuse 
which  had  been  heaped  upon  him  at  the  bar  of  the 
British  council,  had  excited  the  warmest  admiration 
and  sympathy  on  the  other  side  of  the  channel.  Every- 
thing in  his  age,  appearance  and  reputation,  conspired 
to  render  him  an  object  of  interest,  attention  and 
enthusiastic  regard.  It  might  be  said  of  his  arrival 
at  Paris,  as  Cicero  said  of  the  arrival  of  Archias 
at  some  of  the  cities  of  ancient  Greece,  "Sic  ejus 
adventus  celebrabatur,  ut  famam  ingenii  expectatio 


INAUGURAL    ORATION.  251 

hominis,  exspectationem  ipsius  adventus  admiratioque 
superaret." 

Nothing  could  be  more  striking  than  the  account 
which  an  eminent  French  historian  has  given  of  this 
advent :  —  "  By  the  effect  which  Franklin  produced  in. 
France,  we  might  say  that  he  fulfilled  his  mission,  not 
with  a  court,  but  with  a  free  people.  .  .  .  Men  im- 
agined they  saw  in  him  a  sage  of  antiquity  come  back 
to  give  austere  lessons  and  generous  examples  to  the 
moderns.  They  personified  in  him  the  republic  of 
which  he  was  the  representative  and  the  legislator.  .  .  . 
His  virtues  and  his  renown  negotiated  for  him;  and 
before  the  second  year  of  his  mission  had  expired,  no 
one  conceived  it  possible  to  refuse  fleets  and  an  army 
to  the  compatriots  of  Franklin." 

Undoubtedly  at  that  era,  and  in  that  capital,  Frank- 
lin was  the  great  American  name.  The  mild  but 
steady  lustre  of  Washington's  surpassing  character  had 
not  yet  broken  forth  full-orbed  on  the  admiration  of 
the  European  world,  as  it  was  destined  to  do  no  long 
time  afterwards.  With  that  character  at  this  day  we 
admit  no  comparison.  But  our  Boston  printer  was  the 
very  first  of  whom  it  might  then  have  been  said,  in 
language  since  applied  to  others,  that  his  name  alone 
made  our  country  respectable  throughout  the  world ; 
and  when  he  signed  the  treaty  of  alliance  with  France, 
on  the  sixth  of  February,  1778,  he  had  accomplished  a 
work  which  will  ever  entitle  him  to  be  counted  as  the 


252  FRANKLIN    STATUE    MEMORIAL. 

negotiator  of  the  most  important,  as  well  as  of  the 
very  first,  treaty  to  which  this  country  has  ever  been 
a  party.  This  treaty  of  alliance  was,  indeed,  the  imme- 
diate and  most  effective  instrument  of  that  other  and 
still  more  memorable  treaty,  which  he  was  privileged 
also  to  sign  at  Paris,  four  or  five  years  afterwards,  in 
company  with  his  illustrious  associates,  John  Adams 
and  John  Jay,  —  the  treaty  of  peace  and  independence 
with  Great  Britain,  by  which  the  war  of  revolution  was 
at  length  happily  and  gloriously  terminated,  and  by 
which  the  United  States  of  America  were  at  last  ad- 
mitted to  an  equal  place  in  the  great  brotherhood 
of  nations. 

Many  more  treaties  received  his  attention  and  his 
signature,  with  those  of  his  illustrious  associates,  during 
the  same  period ;  —  one  of  amity  and  commerce  with 
France,  one  with  Sweden,  and  one  with  Prussia,  in 
which  latter  he  succeeded  in  procuring  admission  for 
that  noble  stipulation  against  privateering,  —  which, 
whether  it  be  expedient  or  inexpedient  for  the  particu- 
lar circumstances  of  our  country  at  the  present  mo- 
ment, must  commend  itself  as  a  matter  of  principle 
and  justice  to  the  whole  Christian  world.  The  late 
congress  of  peace  at  Paris  has  substantially  revived 
and  adopted  this  article  on  the  very  spot  on  which  it 
was  drafted  and  defended  by  Franklin  eighty  years 
ago,  —  uniting  it,  too,  with  that  great  American  doc- 
trine, that  free  ships  shall  make  free  goods,  which  found 


INAUGURAL    ORATION.  253 

in  Franklin,  on  the  same  occasion,  one  of  its  earliest 
and  ablest  advocates. 

And  these  were  the  acts  of  a  man  more  than  three- 
score-and-ten  years  old,  wearied  with  service  and  racked 
with  disease,  and  praying  to  be  suffered  to  return  home 
and  recover  his  strength,  before  he  should  go  hence 
and  be  no  more  seen,  —  but  whose  retirement  congress 
was  unwilling  to  allow !  In  his  early  youth,  however, 
he  had  adopted  the  maxim,  "  never  to  ask,  never  to 
refuse,  and  never  to  resign  "  any  office  for  which  others 
might  think  him  fit,  and  he  bravely  persevered  till  all 
was  accomplished. 

May  I  not  safely  say,  fellow-citizens,  that  had  Benja- 
min Franklin  left  no  record  of  his  public  service,  but 
that  which  contains  the  story  of  his  career  as  a  foreign 
agent  and  minister,  whether  of  separate  colonies  or  of 
the  whole  country,  after  he  had  already  completed  the 
allotted  term  of  human  existence,  he  would  still  have 
richly  merited  a  statue  in  the  squares  of  his  native 
city,  and  a  niche  in  the  hearts  of  all  her  people,  as  one 
of  the  great  American  negotiators  and  diplomatists  of 
our  revolutionary  age? 

And  now,  my  friends,  over  and  above  the  four  dis- 
tinct and  separate  phases  of  his  life  and  history,  which 
I  have  thus  imperfectly  delineated,  but  which  are  to 
find  a  worthier  and  more  permanent  portrayal  on  the 
four  panels  of  the  pedestal  before  you,  —  over  and 


254  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

above  them  all,  at  once  the  crowning  glory  of  his  career 
and  the  keystone  to  its  admirable  unity,  blending  and 
binding  together  all  the  fragmentary  services  which  he 
rendered  in  widely  different  spheres  of  duty  into  one 
proportionate  and  noble  life, — -over  and  above  them 
all,  like  some  gilded  and  glorious  dome  over  columns 
and  arches  and  porticoes  of  varied  but  massive  and 
magnificent  architecture,  rises  the  character  of  Franklin 
for  benevolence;  that  character  which  pervaded  his 
whole  existence,  animating  every  step  of  its  progress, 
and  entitling  him  to  the  preeminent  distinction  of  a 
true  PHILANTHROPIST. 

Happening,  by  the  purest  accident,  let  me  rather 
say,  by  some  Providential  direction,  to  have  read  in  his 
earliest  youth  an  essay  written  by  another  celebrated 
son  of  Boston,  (Cotton  Mather,)  upon  "  the  good  that 
is  to  be  devised  and  designed  by  those  who  desire  to 
answer  the  great  end  of  life,"  he  dedicated  himself  at 
once  to  "a  perpetual  endeavor  to  do  good  in  the 
world."  He  read  in  that  little  volume  such  golden 
sentences  as  these: — "It  is  possible  that  the  wisdom 
of  a  poor  man  may  start  a  proposal  that  may  serve  a 
city,  save  a  nation."  "A  mean  mechanic  —  who  can 
tell  what  an  engine  of  good  he  may  be,  if  humbly  and 
wisely  applied  unto  it!"  "The  remembrance  of  having 
been  the  man  that  first  moved  a  good  law,  were  better 
than  a  statue  erected  for  one's  memory."  These  and 
many  other  passages  of  that  precious  little  volume 


INAUGURAL    ORATION.  255 

sunk  deep  into  his  mind,  and  gave  the  turn  to  the 
whole  current  of  his  career.  Writing  to  "his  honored 
mother"  at  the  age  of  forty-three,  he  says,  "for  my 
own  part,  at  present,  I  pass  my  time  agreeably  enough. 
I  enjoy,  through  mercy,  a  tolerable  share  of  health.  I 
read  a  great  deal,  ride  a  little,  do  a  little  business  for 
myself,  now  and  then  for  others,  retire  when  I  can,  and 
go  into  company  when  I  please ;  so  the  years  roll 
round,  and  the  last  will  come,  when  I  would  rather 
have  it  said, '  He  lived  usefully/  than  '  He  died  rich.' " 
Writing  to  the  son  of  Cotton  Mather,  within  a  few 
years  of  his  own  death,  (1784,)  and  after  he  had 
achieved  a  world-wide  celebrity  as  a  philosopher,  a 
statesman  and  a  patriot,  he  nobly  says,  in  reference  to 
the  "Essays  to  do  good," — "I  have  always  set  a  greater 
value  on  the  character  of  a  doer  of  good,  than  on  any 
other  kind  of  reputation ;  and  if  I  have  been,  as  you 
seem  to  think,  a  useful  citizen,  the  public  owes  the 
advantage  of  it  to  that  book." 

And  certainly,  if  any  man  of  his  age,  or  of  almost 
any  other  age,  ever  earned  the  reputation  of  a  doer  of 
good,  and  of  having  lived  usefully,  it  was  Benjamin 
Franklin.  No  life  was  ever  more  eminently  and  prac- 
tically a  useful  life  than  his.  Capable  of  the  greatest 
things,  he  condescended  to  the  humblest.  He  never 
sat  down  to  make  himself  famous.  He  never  secluded 
himself  from  the  common  walks  and  duties  of  society 
in  order  to  accomplish  a  great  reputation,  much  less  to 


256  FKANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

accumulate  a  great  fortune.  He  wrote  no  elaborate 
histories,  or  learned  treatises,  or  stately  tomes.  Short 
essays  or  tracts,  thrown  off  at  a  heat  to  answer  an  im- 
mediate end,  —  letters  to  his  associates  in  science  or 
politics,  —  letters  to  his  family  and  friends,  —  these 
make  up  the  great  bulk  of  his  literary  productions; 
and,  under  the  admirable  editorship  of  Mr.  Sparks,  nine 
noble  volumes  do  they  fill,  —  abounding  in  evidences  of 
a  wisdom,  sagacity,  ingenuity,  diligence,  freshness  of 
thought,  fullness  of  information,  comprehensiveness 
of  reach,  and  devotedness  of  purpose,  such  as  are 
rarely  to  be  found  associated  in  any  single  man. 
Wherever  he  found  anything  to  be  done,  he  did  it; 
anything  to  be  investigated,  he  investigated  it;  any- 
thing to  be  invented  or  discovered,  he  forthwith  tried 
to  invent  or  discover  it,  and  almost  always  succeeded. 
He  did  everything  as  if  his  whole  attention  in  life  had 
been  given  to  that  one  thing.  And  thus  while  he  did 
enough  in  literature  to  be  classed  among  the  great 
writers  of  his  day ;  enough  in  invention  and  science  to 
secure  him  the  reputation  of  a  great  philosopher; 
enough  in  domestic  politics  to  win  the  title  of  a  great 
statesman ;  enough  in  foreign  negotiations  to  merit  the 
designation  of  a  great  diplomatist ;  he  found  time  to  do 
enough,  alsb,  in  works  of  general  utility,  humanity  and 
benevolence,  to  insure  him  a  perpetual  memory  as  a 
great  philanthropist. 

No  form  of  personal  suffering  or  social  evil  escaped 


INAUGURAL    ORATION.  257 

his  attention,  or  appealed  in  vain  for  such  relief  or 
remedy  as  his  prudence  could  suggest  or  his  purse 
supply.  From  that  day  of  his  early  youth,  when,  a 
wanderer  from  his  home  and  friends  in  a  strange  place, 
he  was  seen  sharing  his  rolls  with  a  poor  woman  and 
child,  to  the  last  act  of  his  public  life,  when  he  signed 
that  well  known  memorial  to  congress,  as  President  of 
the  Anti-Slavery  Society  of  Pennsylvania,  a  spirit  of 
earnest  and  practical  benevolence  runs  like  a  golden 
thread  along  his  whole  career.  Would  to  Heaven  that 
he  could  have  looked  earlier  at  that  great  evil  which 
he  looked  at  last,  and  that  the  practical  resources  and 
marvellous  sagacity  of  his  mighty  intellect  could  have 
been  brought  seasonably  to  bear  upon  the  solution  of  a 
problem,  now  almost  too  intricate  for  any  human  facul- 
ties !  Would  to  Heaven  that  he  could  have  tasked  his 
invention  for  a  mode  of  drawing  the  fires  safely  from 
that  portentous  cloud,  —  in  his  day,  indeed,  hardly 
bigger  than  a  man's  hand,  —  but  which  is  now  blacken- 
ing the  whole  sky,  and  threatening  to  rend  asunder 
that  noble  fabric  of  union,  of  which  he  himself  pro- 
posed the  earliest  model! 
• 

To  his  native  place,  which  is  now  about  to  honor 
him  afresh,  Franklin  never  failed  to  manifest  the  warm- 
est regard  and  affection.  Never  forgetting  that  "he 
owed  his  first  instructions  in  literature  to  the  free 
grammar  schools  established  there,"  he  made  a  pro- 

83 


258 


vision  by  his  Will  which  must  render  him  a  sort  of 
patron  saint  to  Boston  school-boys  to  the  latest  genera- 
tion. Never  forgetting  the  difficulties  under  which  he 
had  struggled  as  a  Boston  apprentice,  he  has  left  ample 
testimony  of  his  desire  to  relieve  Boston  apprentices 
from  similar  trials  in  all  time  to  come.  At  all  periods 
of  his  life,  he  evinced  the  liveliest  interest  in  the  wel- 
fare of  his  birth-place,  and  the  kindest  feelings  for  its 
citizens,  and  the  day  is  certain  to  arrive,  though  we 
of  this  generation  may  not  live  to  witness  it,  when  his 
native  city  and  his  native  state  will  owe  some  of  their 
noblest  improvements  and  most  magnificent  public 
works,  to  a  fund  which  he  established  with  that  ulti- 
mate design.  Here,  in  yonder  Granary  grave-yard,  his 
father  and  mother  were  buried,  and  here  he  placed  a 
stone,  in  filial  regard  to  their  memory,  with  an  inscrip- 
tion commemorative  of  their  goodness.  The  kindness 
and  honors  of  other  cities  could  not  altogether  wean 
him  from  such  associations.  As  he  approached  the 
close  of  his  long  and  eventful  career,  his  heart  seemed 
to  turn  with  a  fresh  yearning  to  the  grave  of  his 
parents,  the  scenes  of  his  childhood,  and  the  friends  of 
his  early  years.  Writing  to  Dr.  Cooper,  on  the  fifteenth 
of  May,  1781,  he  says,  "I  often  form  pleasing  imagina- 
tions of  the  pleasure  I  should  enjoy  as  a  private  person 
among  my  friends  and  compatriots  in  my  native  Bos- 
ton. God  only  knows  whether  this  pleasure  is  reserved 
for  me."  Writing  to  his  sister  on  the  fourth  of  Novem- 


INAUGURAL    ORATION.  259 

ber,  1787,  he  says,  "It  was  my  intention  to  decline 
serving  another  year  as  president,  that  I  might  be  at 
liberty  to  take  a  trip  to  Boston  in  the  spring ;  but  I 
submit  to  the  unanimous  voice  of  my  country,  which 
has  again  placed  me  in  the  chair."  Writing  to  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Lathrop,  on  the  thirty-first  of  May,  1788,  he 
says,  "It  would  certainly,  as  you  observe,  be  a  very 
great  pleasure  to  me,  if  I  could  once  again  visit  my 
native  town,  and  walk  over  the  grounds  I  used  to  fre- 
quent when  a  boy,  and  where  I  enjoyed  many  of  the 
innocent  pleasures  of  youth,  which  would  be  so  brought 
to  my  remembrance,  and  where  I  might  find  some  of 
my  old  acquaintance  to  converse  with.  .  .  .  But  I 
enjoy  the  company  and  conversation  of  its  inhab- 
itants, when  any  of  them  are  so  good  as  to  visit 
mej  for,  besides  their  general  good  sense,  which  I 
value,  the  Boston  manner,  turn  of  phrase,  and  even 
tone  of  voice,  and  accent  in  pronunciation,  all  please, 
and  seem  to  refresh  and  revive  me."  But  the  most 
striking  testimony  of  his  attachment  to  the  scenes  of 
his  birth  is  found  in  the  letter  to  Dr.  Samuel  Mather, 
on  the  twelfth  of  May,  1784,  from  which  I  have  already 
quoted,  where  he  says,  "  I  long  much  to  see  again  my 
native  place,  and  to  lay  my  bones  there.  I  left  it  in 
1723;  I  visited  it  in  1733,  1743,  1753,  and  1763.  In 
1773  I  was  in  England ;  in  1775  I  had  a  sight  of  it,  but 
could  not  enter,  it  being  in  possession  of  the  enemy. 
I  did  hope  to  have  been  there  in  1783,  but  could  not 


260  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

obtain  my  dismission  from  this  employment  here ;  and 
now  I  fear  I  shall  never  have  that  happiness." 

And  he  never  did  again  enjoy  that  happiness.  A  few 
years  more  of  pain  and  suffering,  —  sustained  with  an 
undaunted  courage,  and  relieved  by  a  persevering  and 
unwearied  attention  to  every  private  and  every  public 
claim,  —  a  few  years  more  of  pain  and  suffering  termi- 
nated his  career,  and  the  seventeenth  day  of  April,  1790, 
found  him  resting  at  last  from  the  labors  of  a  life  of 
eighty-four  years  and  three  months,  in  the  city  of  his 
adoption,  where  his  ashes  still  repose.  Let  his  memory 
ever  be  a  bond  of  affection  between  his  birth-place  and 
his  burial-place,  both  of  which  he  loved  so  well,  and  of 

* 

both  of  which  he  was  so  eminent  a  benefactor;  and 
may  their  only  rivalry  or  emulation  be,  which  shall 
show  itself,  in  all  time  to  come,  by  acts  of  enlightened 
philanthropy  and  of  enlarged  and  comprehensive  pa- 
triotism, most  loyal  to  the  memory,  and  most  faithful 
to  the  example  and  the  precept,  of  one  who  did  enough 
to  reflect  imperishable  glory  on  a  hundred  cities! 

Fellow-citizens  of  Boston,  the  third  half  century  has 
just  expired,  since  this  remarkable  person  first  appeared 
within  our  limits.  The  seventeenth  day  of  January 
last  completed  the  full  term  of  one  hundred  and  fifty 
years,  since,  having  drawn  his  first  breath  beneath  the 
humble  roof  which  not  a  few  of  those  around  me  can 
still  remember,  he  was  borne  to  the  neighboring  sanctu- 


INAUGURAL   ORATION.  261 

ary  to  receive  the  baptismal  blessing  at  the  hands  of 
the  pious  Pemberton,  or,  it  may  have  been,  of  the  ven- 
erable Willard.  More  than  sixty-six  years  have  elapsed 
since  his  death. 

He  has  not,  —  I  need  not  say  he  has  not,  —  been 
unremembered  or  unhonored  during  this  long  interval. 
The  street  which  bears  his  name,  —  with  the  graceful 
urn  in  its  centre,  and  the  old  subscription  library  at  its 
side,  —  was  a  worthy  tribute  to  his  memory  for  the  day 
in  which  it  was  laid  out.  The  massive  stone  which  has 
replaced  the  crumbling  tablet  over  the  grave  of  his 
father  and  mother,  is  a  memorial  which  he  himself 
would  have  valued  more  than  anything  which  could 
have  been  done  for  his  own  commemoration.  The 
numerous  libraries,  lyceums,  institutes  and  societies  of 
every  sort,  in  all  quarters  of  the  country,  which  have 
adopted  his  name  as  their  most  cherished  designation, 
are  witnesses  to  his  worth,  whose  testimony  would  have 
been  peculiarly  prized  by  him.  He  has  been  honored, 
more  than  all,  by  the  just  distinctions  which  have 
everywhere  been  accorded  to  not  a  few  of  those  who 
have  inherited  his  love  of  science  with  his  blood, — one 
of  whom,  at  least,  we  had  confidently  hoped  to  welcome 
among  us  on  this  occasion,  as  the  acknowledged  heir 
and  living  representative  of  his  philosophical  fame.  I 
need  hardly  name  the  learned  and  accomplished  Super- 
intendent of  the  United  States  Coast  Survey  —  ALEX- 
ANDER DALLAS  BACHE  —  the  great-grandson  of  Franklin 


262  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

—  under  whose  devoted  and  admirable   direction   the 
mysteries  of  the   Gulf  Stream  have  been  freshly  and 
profoundly  analyzed,  and  so  many  of  the  intricate  bays 
and  harbors  of  our  gigantic  coast  have  been  accurately 
and  exquisitely  mapped  out  for  the  guidance  of  our 
pilots,  and  for  the  convenience  and  safety  of  our  mer- 
cantile and  naval  marine.     Nor  should  it  be  forgotton, 
on   this   occasion,  that  within  a  year  or  two  past,  a 
beautiful  shaft  of  polished  granite,  with  a  brief  but 
most  appropriate  and    comprehensive    inscription,  has 
found  a  conspicuous  place   at  Mount  Auburn,  erected, 
as  a  tribute   of  regard   and  reverence   for   Franklin's 
memory,  by  a  self-made   man  of  kindred   spirit,  still 
living  in  our  vicinity, —  the  venerable  Thomas  Dowse, 

—  whose  magnificent  library  is  destined  to  enrich  the 
historic  hall  at  our  side. 

But  something  more  was  demanded  by  the  unani- 
mous sentiment  of  his  birth-place.  Something  more 
was  called  for  by  the  general  voice  of  his  country. 
Something  more  was  due  to  the  claims  of  historic  jus- 
tice. The  deliberate  opinion  of  the  world  has  now 
been  formed  upon  him.  Personal  partialities  and  per- 
sonal prejudices,  which  so  often  make  or  mar  a  recent 
reputation  or  a  living  fame,  have  long  ago  passed 
away,  with  all  who  cherished  them.  The  great  posthu- 
mous tribunal  of  two  whole  generations  of  men,  —  less 
fallible  than  that  to  which  antiquity  appealed,  —  has 
sat  in  solemn  judgment  upon  his  character  and  career. 


INAUGURAL    ORATION.  263 

The  calm,  dispassionate  Muse  of  history,  —  not  over- 
looking errors  which  he  himself  was  ever  earliest  in 
regretting,  nor  ascribing  to  him  any  fabulous  exemption 
from  frailties  and  infirmities  which  he  was  never  back- 
ward in  acknowledging,  —  has  pronounced  her  une- 
quivocal and  irrevocable  award;  not  only  assigning 
huii  no  second  place  among  the  greatest  and  worthiest 
who  have  adorned  the  annals  of  New  England,  but 
enrolling  him  forever  among  the  illustrious  benefactors 
of  mankind.  And  we  are  here  this  day,  to  accept, 
confirm  and  ratify  that  award,  for  ourselves  and  our 
posterity,  by  a  substantial  and  enduring  token,  which 
shall  no  longer  be  withheld  from  your  view.  Let  it  be 
unveiled !  Let  the  stars  and  stripes  no  longer  conceal 
the  form  of  one  who  was  always  faithful  to  his  coun- 
try's flag,  and  who  did  so  much  to  promote  the  glorious 
cause  in  which  it  was  first  unfurled! 

\The  drapery  was  here  removed,  and  the  statue  displayed 
to  view  amid  the  shouts  of  the  surrounding  multitude.  When 
the  applause  had  sufficiently  subsided^  Mr.  Winthrop  continued 
as  follows :  — ] 

And  now  behold  him,  by  the  magic  power  of  native 
genius,  once  more  restored  to  our  sight !  Behold  him 
in  the  enjoyment  of  his  cherished  wish,  —  "revisiting 
his  native  town  and  the  grounds  he  used  to  frequent 
when  a  boy"!  Behold  him,  reappearing  on  the  old 


264  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

school-house  Green,  which  was  the  play-place  of  his 
early  days,  —  henceforth  to  fulfill,  in  some  degree,  to 
the  eye  of  every  passer-by,  the  charming  vision  of  the 
Faery  Queen  — 

"  A  spacious  court  they  see, 
Both  plain  and  pleasant  to  be  walked  in, 
Where  them  does  meet  a  FRANKLIN  fair  and  free." 

Behold  him,  with  the  fur  collar  and  linings  which  were 
the  habitual  badge  of  the  master  printers  of  the  olden 
times,  and  which  many  an  ancient  portrait  exhibits  as 
the  chosen  decorations  of  not  a  few  of  the  old  philoso- 
phers, too, —  Galileo,  Copernicus  and  Kepler, —  who 
held,  like  him,  familiar  commerce  with  the  skies ! 
Behold  him,  with  the  scalloped  pockets  and  looped 
buttons  and  long  Quaker-like  vest  and  breeches,  in 
which  he  stood  arraigned  and  reviled  before  the  council 
of  one  monarch,  and  in  which  he  proudly  signed  the 
treaty  of  alliance  with  another !  Behold  him,  with  the 
"  fine  crab-tree  walking-stick  "  which  he  bequeathed  to 
"  his  friend  and  the  friend  of  mankind,  General  Wash- 
ington," —  saying  so  justly,  that  "  if  it  were  a  sceptre, 
he  has  merited  it,  and  would  become  it " ! 

Behold  the  man,  to  whom  Washington  himself  wrote, 
for  the  consolation  of  his  declining  strength,  —  a  con- 
solation more  precious  than  all  the  compliments  and 
distinctions  which  were  ever  showered  upon  him  by 
philosophers  or  princes, —  "If  to  be  venerated  for 
benevolence,  if  to  be  admired  for  talents,  if  to  be 


INAUGURAL   ORATION.  265 

esteemed  for  patriotism,  if  to  be  beloved  for  philan- 
thropy, can  gratify  the  human  mind,  you  must  have 
the  pleasing  consolation  to  know  that  you  have  not 
lived  in  vain.  And  I  flatter  myself  that  it  will  not  be 
ranked  among  the  least  grateful  occurrences  of  your 
life  to  be  assured,  that  so  long  as  I  retain  my 
memory,  you  will  be  recollected  with  respect,  ven- 
eration and  affection  by  your  sincere  friend,  GEORGE 
WASHINGTON  ! " 

Other  honors  may  grow  cheap,  other  laurels  may 
fade  and  wither,  other  eulogiums  may  be  forgotten,  the 
solid  bronze  before  us  may  moulder  and  crumble,  but 
the  man  of  whom  it  may  be  said  that  he  enjoyed  the 
sincere  friendship,  and  secured  the  respect,  veneration 
and  affection  of  Washington,  has  won  a  title  to  the 
world's  remembrance  which  the  lapse  of  ages  will  only 
strengthen  and  brighten. 

Behold  him,  tt  the  sage  of  antiquity  coming  back  to 
give  austere  lessons  and  generous  examples  to  the 
moderns,"  —  the  wise  old  man  of  his  own  apologue  of 
1757,  discoursing  to  the  multitude  of  frugality  and 
industry,  of  temperance  and  toleration !  —  Behold  Poor 
Richard,  —  pointing  the  way  to  wealth  and  dealing  out 
his  proverbs  of  wit  and  wisdom,  —  that  wisdom  which 
"  crieth  at  the  gates  "  and  "  standeth  by  the  way  in  the 
places  of  the  paths,"  —  that  wisdom  "  which  dwells  with 
prudence,  and  finds  out  knowledge  of  witty  inven- 
tions ! "  Behold  him,  with  that  calm,  mild,  benevolent 

34 


266  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

countenance,  never  clouded  by  anger  or  wrinkled  by 
ill  humor,  but  which  beamed  ever,  as  at  this  instant, 
with  a  love  for  his  fellow-beings  and  "a  perpetual 
desire  to  be  a  doer  of  good"  to  them  all. 

Behold  him,  children  of  the  schools,  boys  and  girls 
of  Boston,  bending  to  bestow  the  reward  of  merit  upon 
each  one  of  you  that  shall  strive  to  improve  the  inesti- 
mable advantages  of  our  noble  free  schools !  Behold 
him,  mechanics  and  mechanics'  apprentices,  holding  out 
to  you  an  example  of  diligence,  economy  and  virtue, 
and  personifying  the  triumphant  success  which  may 
await  those  who  follow  it !  Behold  him,  ye  that  are 
humblest  and  poorest  in  present  condition  or  in  future 
prospect,  —  lift  up  your  heads  and  look  at  the  image 
of  a  man  who  rose  from  nothing,  who  owed  nothing  to 
parentage  or  patronage,  who  enjoyed  no  advantages 
of  early  education  which  are  not  open,  —  a  hundred 
fold  open,  —  to  yourselves,  who  performed  the  most 
menial  offices  in  the  business  in  which  his  early  life  was 
employed,  but  who  lived  to  stand  before  kings,  and 
died  to  leave  a  name  which  the  world  will  never  forget. 

o 

Lift  up  your  heads  and  your  hearts  with  them,  and 
learn  a  lesson  of  confidence  and  courage  which  shall 
never  again  suffer  you  to  despair,  —  not  merely  of 
securing  the  means  of  an  honest  and  honorable  support 
for  yourselves,  but  even  of  doing  something  worthy  of 
being  done  for  your  country  and  for  mankind  !  Behold 
him,  ye  that  are  highest  and  most  honorable  in  the 


INAUGURAL    ORATION.  267 

world's  regard,  judges  and  senators,  governors  and 
presidents,  and  emulate  each  other  in  copying  some- 
thing of  the  firmness  and  fidelity,  something  of  the 
patient  endurance  and  persevering  zeal  and  comprehen- 
sive patriotism  and  imperturbable  kind  feeling  and 
good  nature,  of  one  who  was  never  dizzied  by  eleva- 
tion, or  debauched  by  flattery,  or  soured  by  disappoint- 
ment, or  daunted  by  opposition,  or  corrupted  by 
ambition,  and  who  knew  how  to  stand  humbly  and 
happily  alike  on  the  lowest  round  of  obscurity,  and  on 
the  loftiest  pinnacle  of  fame ! 

Behold  him,  and  listen  to  him,  one  and  all,  citizens, 
freemen,  patriots,  friends  of  liberty  and  of  law,  lovers 
of  the  constitution  and  the  Union,  as  he  recalls  the 
services  which  he  gladly  performed,  and  the  sacrifices 
which  he  generously  made,  in  company  with  his  great 
associates,  in  procuring  for  you  those  glorious  institu- 
tions which  you  are  now  so  richly  enjoying  !  Listen  to 
him,  especially,  as  he  repeats  through  my  humble  lips, 
and  from  the  very  autograph  original  which  his  own 
aged  hand  had  prepared  for  the  occasion,  —  listen  to 
him  as  he  pronounces  those  words  of  conciliation  and 
true  wisdom,  to  which  he  first  gave  utterance  sixty- 
nine  years  ago  this  very  day,  in  the  convention  which 
was  just  finishing  its  labors  in  framing  the  Constitution 
of  the  United  States :  — 

"Mr.  President,  I  confess  that  I  do  not  entirely 
approve  this  constitution,  but,  Sir,  I  am  not  sure  that 


268  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

I  shall  never  approve  it.  I  have  experienced  many 
instances  of  being  obliged,  by  better  information  or 
fuller  consideration,  to  change  opinions  even  on  impor- 
tant subjects,  which  I  once  thought  right,  but  found  to 
be  otherwise.  ...  In  these  sentiments,  Sir,  I  agree  to 
this  constitution  with  all  its  faults,  if  they  are  such.  .  .  . 
I  doubt,  too,  whether  any  other  convention  we  can 
obtain,  may  be  able  to  make  a  better  constitution.  .  .  . 
The  opinions  I  have  had  of  its  errors  I  sacrifice  to  the 
public  good.  I  have  never  whispered  a  syllable  of 
them  abroad.  Within  these  walls  they  were  born,  and 
here  they  shall  die.  ...  On  the  whole,  Sir,  I  cannot 
help  expressing  a  wish  that  every  member  of  this  con- 
vention, who  may  still  have  objections  to  it,  would  with 
me  on  this  occasion  doubt  a  little  of  his  own  infalli- 
bility, and  to  make  manifest  our  unanimity,  put  his 
name  to  this  instrument." 

Upon  this  speech,  followed  by  a  distinct  motion  to 
that  effect,  Hamilton  and  Madison,  and  Rufus  King  and 
Roger  Sherman,  and  the  Morrises  of  Pennsylvania,  and 
the  Pinckneys  of  South  Carolina,  and  the  rest  of  that 
august  assembly,  with  Washington  at  their  head,  on 
the  seventeenth  day  of  September,  1787,  subscribed 
their  names  to  the  constitution  under  which  we  live. 
And  Mr.  Madison  tells  us,  that  whilst  the  last  members 
were  signing  it,  Dr.  Franklin,  looking  towards  the  presi- 
dent's chair,  at  the  back  of  which  an  image  of  the  sun 
happened  to  be  painted,  observed  to  a  few  members 


INAUGURAL    ORATION.  269 

near  him,  that  painters  had  found  it  difficult  to  distin- 
guish in  their  art  a  rising  from  a  setting  sun.  u  I  have 
(said  he)  often  and  often  in  the  course  of  the  session, 
and  of  the  vicissitudes  of  my  hopes  and  fears  as  to  its 
issue,  looked  at  that  behind  the  president  without  being 
able  to  tell  whether  it  was  rising  or  setting.  But  now 
at  length  I  have  the  happiness  to  know  that  it  is  a 
rising  and  not  a  setting  sun." 

Yes,  venerated  sage,  privileged  to  live  on 

"  Till  old  experience  did  attain 
To  something  like  prophetic  strain,"  — 

yes,  that  was,  indeed,  a  rising  sun,  u  coming  forth  as  a 
bridegroom  out  of  his  chamber,  and  rejoicing  as  a 
giant  to  run  his  course."  And  a  glorious  course  he  has 
run,  enlightening  and  illuminating,  not  our  own  land 
only,  but  every  land  on  the  wide  surface  of  the  earth, 
—  "and  there  is  nothing  hid  from  the  heat  thereof." 
God,  in  his  infinite  mercy,  grant  that  by  no  failure  of 
his  blessing  or  of  our  prayers,  of  his  grace  or  of  our 
gratitude,  of  his  protection  or  of  our  patriotism,  that 
sun  may  be  seen,  while  it  has  yet  hardly  entered  on  its 
meridian  pathway,  shooting  madly  from  its  sphere  and 
hastening  to  go  down  in  blackness  or  in  Blood,  leaving 
the  world  in  darkness  and  freedom  in  despair !  And 
may  the  visible  presence  of  the  GREAT  BOSTONIAN, 
restored  once  more  to  our  sight,  by  something  more 
than  a  fortunate  coincidence,  in  this  hour  of  our  coun- 


270  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

try's  peril,  serve  not  merely  to  ornament  our  streets,  or 
to  commemorate  his  services,  or  even  to  signalize  our 
own  gratitude,  —  but  to  impress  afresh,  day  by  day, 
and  hour  by  hour,  upon  the  hearts  of  every  man  and 
woman  and  child  who  shall  gaze  upon  it,  a  deeper  sense 
of  the  value  of  that  Liberty,  that  Independence,  that 
Union  and  that  Constitution,  for  all  of  which  he  was  so 
early,  so  constant,  and  so  successful  a  laborer! 

Fellow-citizens,  the  statue  which  has  now  received 
your  reiterated  acclamations,  owes  its  origin  to  the 
mechanics  of  Boston,  and  especially  to  the  Massachu- 
setts Charitable  Mechanic  Association.  Or,  if  any  for- 
tunate word  of  another  may  be  remembered  as  having 
suggested  it,  that  word  was  uttered  in  their  service,  and 
by  one  who  is  proud  to  be  counted  among  the  honorary 
members  of  their  fraternity.  The  merchants  and  busi- 
ness men  of  our  city,  members  of  the  learned  pro- 
fessions, and  great  numbers  of  all  classes  of  the 
community,  came  nobly  to  their  aid,  and  in  various 
sums,  large  and  small,  contributed  to  the  cost  of  the 
work.  Honor  and  thanks  to  them  all! 

But  honor  and  thanks  this  day,  especially,  to  the 
gifted  native  artist,  —  Richard  S.  Greenough,  —  wrho 
has  so  admirably  conceived  the  character,  and  so  ex- 
quisitely wrought  out  the  design,  committed  to  him ! 

Honor,  too,  to  Mr.  Ames,  and  the  skillful  mechanics 
of  the  foundry  at  Chicopee,  by  whom  it  has  been  so 


INAUGURAL    ORATION.  271 

successfully  and  brilliantly  cast !  Nor  let  the  Sanborns 
and  Carews  be  forgotten,  by  whom  the  massive  granite 
has  been  hewn,  and  the  native  verd  antique  so  beauti- 
fully shaped  and  polished. 

It  only  remains  for  me,  fellow-citizens,  as  chairman 
of  the  sub-committee  under  whose  immediate  direction 
the  statue  has  been  designed  and  executed,  —  a  service 
in  the  discharge  of  which  I  acknowledge  an  especial 
obligation  to  the  President,  Vice-President,  Treasurer 
and  Secretary  of  the  Mechanic  Association,  and  to  Mr. 
John  H.  Thorndike  and  Mr.  John  Cowdin  among  its 
active  members  ;  —  to  those  eminent  mechanics,  invent- 
ors and  designers,  Blanchard,  Tufts,  Smith  and  Hooper ; 

—  to  Dr.  Jacob  Bigelow,  President  of  the  American 
Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences ;  to  Mr.  Prescott,  the 
historian;  to  Mr.  Henry  Greenough,  the  architect,  to 
whom  we  are  indebted  for  the  design  of  the  pedestal; 

—  to  Mr.  Thomas  G.  Appleton  and  Mr.  Epes  Sargent, 
cherished  friends  of  art  and  of  artists,  one  of  them 
absent  to-day,  but  not  forgotten;  to  Edward  Everett 
and  Jared  Sparks,  whose  names  are  so  honorably  and 
indissolubly  associated  with  the  noblest  illustration  of 
both  Franklin  and  Washington ;  to  David  Sears,  among 
the   living,  and   to   Abbott  Lawrence,  among   the  la- 
mented dead,  whose  liberal  and  enlightened  patronage 
of  every  good  work  will  be  always  fresh  in  the  remem- 
brance of  every  true  Bostonian ;  —  it  only  remains  for 
me,  as  the  organ  of  a  committee  thus  composed  and 


272  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

thus  aided,  to  deliver  up  the  finished  work  to  my  excel- 
lent friend,  Mr.  Frederic  W.  Lincoln,  Jr.,  who,  as  Chair- 
man of  the  General  Committee,  —  after  the  ode  of 
welcome,  written  by  our  Boston  printer-poet,  James  T. 
Fields,  shall  have  been  sung  by  the  children  of  the 
schools,  —  will  designate  the  disposition  of  the  statue 
which  has  been  finally  agreed  upon  in  behalf  of  the 
subscribers. 

Sir,  to  you,  as  President  of  the  Massachusetts  Char- 
itable Mechanic  Association,  and  as  Chairman,  ex-officio, 
of  the  Committee  of  Fifty  appointed  under  their  aus- 
pices, —  yourself,  I  am  glad  at  this  hour  to  remember, 
a  direct  and  worthy  descendant  of  that  patriot  me- 
chanic of  the  revolution,  PAUL  REVERE  —  I  now  present 
the  work  which  your  association  intrusted  to  our 
charge,  —  hoping  that  it  may  not  be  counted  unworthy 
to  commemorate  the  great  forerunner  and  exemplar 
of  those  intelligent  and  patriotic  Boston  mechanics, 
who  have  been  for  so  many  years  among  the  proudest 
ornaments  and  best  defenders  of  our  beloved  city,  and 
to  whom  we  so  confidently  look,  not  merely  to  promote 
and  build  up  its  material  interests,  but  to  sustain  and 
advance  its  moral,  religious,  charitable  and  civil  insti- 
tutions, in  all  time  to  come! 


INAUGURAL    SERVICES.  273 


When  Hon.  Mr.  Winthrop,  the  orator,  had  concluded 
speaking  and  taken  his  seat,  the  air  resounded  with  the 
plaudits  of  the  highly  gratified  audience;  and  it  was 
some  considerable  time  before  quietness  was  sufficiently 
restored  for  a  continuation  of  the  exercises.  The  ora- 
tion, delivered  without  notes,  occupied  an  hour  and  a 
half,  and  was  listened  to  with  marked  attention  by  the 
large  concourse  of  persons  who  had  assembled  to  par- 
ticipate in  the  ceremonies  of  the  occasion.  Many  times, 
as  the  speaker  brought  forward  his  different  points,  he 
was  interrupted  by  well  deserved  applause,  and  when 
he  came  to  the  portion  of  his  address  where  he  gave 
the  signal  for  unveiling  the  statue,  and  when  the  bronze 
personification  of  the  immortal  Franklin  was  displayed 
to  the  anxious  gaze  of  the  witnesses,  a  thrill  of  admira- 
tion was  perceptible  throughout  the  whole  assembly, 
and  cheers  upon  cheers  were  given,  and  the  shouts  of 
approbation  and  joy  were  of  the  most  hearty  and 
vociferous  character. 

When  the  applause  had  subsided,  and  all  was  still 
again,  the  exercises  were  resumed  by  a  select  choir  of 
pupils  of  the  public  schools,  who,  under  the  direction 
of  Mr.  Charles  Butler,  sung  the  following  ode,  written 
for  the  occasion  by  James  T.  Fields,  Esq.,  adapted  to 
music  by  Mr.  Nathaniel  Eichardson,  and  accompanied 
by  a  grand  piano-forte,  from  the  celebrated  establish- 
ment of  the  Messrs.  Chickering. 


274  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 


ODE. 

Give  welcome  to  his  sculptured  form  ! 

Art's  splendid  triumph  here  is  won ;  — 
Thus  let  him  stand,  in  light  and  storm, 

Our  sea-girt  city's  greatest  son. 

His  lineage  sprang  from  honest  Toil, 

Swart  Labor  trained  his  youthful  hand ;  — 

High  with  the  brave  who  freed  our  soil,  — 
Where  first  he  breathed  let  FRANKLIN  stand. 

His  genius  stamped  the  press  with  power ; 

His  glance  the  glowing  future  saw ; 
His  science  curbed  the  fiery  shower; 

His  wisdom  stood  with  peace  and  law. 

The  world  his  story  long  has  shrined,  — 
To  fame  his  spotless  deeds  belong  — 

His  homely  truth,  his  ample  mind, 
His  Saxon  hate  of  human  wrong. 

Room  for  the  gray-haired  patriot-sage ! 

For  here  his  genial  life  began ; 
Thus  let  him  look  from  age  to  age, 

And  prompt  new  thought  ennobling  man. 

The  statue  having  been  thus  formally  delivered 
up  by  Hon.  Mr.  Winthrop,  Chairman  of  the  Commit- 
tee on  Design,  FREDERIC  W.  LINCOLN,  Jr.,  Esq.,  the 
Chairman  of  the  General  Committee,  and  President  of 
the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association, 
made  the  following  address  in  presenting  it  to  the 
city  authorities. 


PRESENTATION   ADDRESS. 


FELLOW-CITIZENS,  —  The  official  position  which  it  is  my 
fortune  to  sustain  to  the  committee  who  have  had 
charge  of  the  erection  of  a  statue  to  Franklin,  as  well 
as  also  to  that  Association  under  whose  auspices  the 
earliest  measures  were  taken  in  its  behalf)  seems  to 
render  it  consonant  with  the  proprieties  of  the  occa- 
sion that  I  should  make  a  brief  statement  of  the  history 
of  the  work,  before  proceeding  in  behalf  of  the  commit- 
tee, to  the  more  formal  presentation  of  the  statue  to 
the  city  authorities. 

The  interesting  address  to  which  we  have  just  lis- 
tened is  a  fitting  close  to  the  impressive  words  which 
stimulated  our  hearts  to  commence  the  work,  and  it 
cannot  but  be  regarded  as  a  happy  coincidence  that 
the  same  eloquent  voice  which  was  its  first  advocate  in 
a  public  assembly,  should  also  be  the  one  to  give  an 
expression  to  the  congratulations  of  the  hour  on  this, 
its  final  completion. 

As  the  shaft  on  Bunker's  Height  was  consecrated, 
at  the  laying  of  its  corner  stone  and  of  its  cap  stone,  by 


276  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

the  same  mind  —  that  of  the  illustrious  Webster  —  so 
are  we  indebted,  in  like  manner,  to  a  single  source 
both  for  the  commencement  and  conclusion  of  this 
enterprise. 

It  is  not  my  province,  nor  is  it  my  taste,  to  give 
compliments,  but  the  truth  should  stand  upon  the 
record,  and  I  can  conceive  of  no  impropriety  even  in 
this  presence,  in  saying  that  if  we  are  indebted  to  one 
individual  more  than  to  another  for  the  work  which  is 
now  before  us,  it  is  to  that  distinguished  native  of 
Boston,  Eobert  C.  Winthrop. 

On  the  evening  of  November  twenty-ninth,  1853,  in 
a  lecture  introductory  to  a  course  "  on  the  application 
of  science  to  art,"  before  the  Massachusetts  Charitable 
Mechanic  Association,  after  drawing  a  parallel  between 
the  lives  and  achievements  of  Archimedes  and  Frank- 
lin, this  gentleman  urged  with  much  pertinency  and 
force  the  propriety  of  erecting  a  statue  of  Franklin, 
the  great  Bostonian,  in  the  city  of  his  birth.  At  a 
meeting  of  the  government  of  the  Association,  held  at 
the  residence  of  the  late  president,  Jonas  Chickering, 
on  the  evening  before  his  lamented  decease,  a  com- 
mittee was  appointed  to  take  the  subject  into  con- 
sideration. 

The  committee,  in  their  report,  felt  that  it  was 
unnecessary  to  enter  into  any  elaborate  argument  in 
its  favor ;  the  interest  which  had  already  been  awakened 
in  the  subject  by  the  introductory  lecture,  together 


PRESENTATION    ADDRESS.  277 

with  the  hearty  response  which  had  been  made  to  the 
suggestion  by  the  press,  and  from  other  quarters,  led 
them  to  the  belief  that  the  community  was  fully  ripe 
for  the  project.  It  was  thought  that  the  Association, 
from  its  peculiar  character  as  an  organization  of  me- 
chanics, was  the  most  appropriate  body  to  commence 
the  enterprise,  and  that,  if  they  should  take  the  initia- 
tive steps,  all  classes  would  join  in  carrying  it  into 
execution.  A  sentiment  of  respect  for  their  own  char- 
acter and  reputation,  no  less  than  a  regard  to  the 
memory  of  Franklin,  prompted  them  to  enter  with 
alacrity  into  the  work. 

Benjamin  Franklin  was  the  most  distinguished  of 
Boston's  native  sons.  The  influence  of  his  charac- 
ter as  a  patriot  and  sage  will  probably  be  as  extensive 
through  all  generations  as  that  of  any  other  uninspired 
man ;  and  when  it  was  recollected  that  he  always  re- 
garded with  pride  the  place  of  his  birth,  and  that  no 
one  has  more  honored  the  profession  of  a  mechanic  of 
which  the  association  was  the  representative,  they 
could  not  hesitate  in  regard  to  their  duty  hi  the  mat- 
ter. It  was  an  enterprise,  however,  in  their  judgment, 
that  should  not  be  monopolized  by  any  one  society. 
Every  Bostonian  should  be  invited  to  unite  in  it.  The 
project  was  one  which  appealed  particularly  to  those 
who  in  the  morning  of  their  life  were  quickened  to 
intellectual  activity,  as  a  medal  had  been  placed  on 
exhibition  day  over  their  throbbing  breasts,  provided 


278  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

by  his  generosity ;  and  it  appealed,  also,  to  that  class 
of  practical  printers  who  revered  him  as  the  most 
honored  son  of  their  craft. 

It  was  suggested  that  the  time  for  the  commence- 
ment of  the  enterprise  was  auspicious;  there  seemed 
to  have  been  awakened  recently  an  unusual  interest  in 
Franklin ;  statuettes,  paintings  and  engravings  of  him 
seemed  to  be  multiplying  at  home  and  abroad,  while  the 
progress  of  American  art  had  been  such  that  a  statue 
could  be  cast  in  bronze  within  the  limits  of  our  own 
Commonwealth  equal  to  any  executed  in  the  foundries 
of  the  old  world.  It  was  fitting  that  to  American 
hands  should  be  committed  the  task.  Its  completion 
would  promote  patriotic  feeling  and  incite  gratitude  for 
exalted  worth.  The  Association,  from  its  earliest  his- 
tory, had  taken  an  interest  in  everything  of  a  public 
nature  that  needed  or  deserved  encouragement.  Their 
efforts  in  the  completion  of  the  Bunker  Hill  monument 
are  well  known  and  universally  acknowledged.  Nor  is 
this  the  first  time  that  they  have  united  in  a  tribute  to 
the  memory  of  Franklin ;  for,  thirty  years  since,  when 
the  monument  placed  by  him  over  the  graves  of  his 
parents  in  the  Granary  burial  ground,  had  become 
dilapidated  by  time,  and  the  citizens  of  Boston  pro- 
posed to  erect  another  more  imposing  in  its  place,  the 
corner  stone  was  laid  by  the  President  of  the  Associa- 
tion, the  Hon.  Charles  Wells,  in  the  presence  of  the 
governor  and  the  principal  officers  of  the  national,  state 


PRESENTATION   ADDRESS.  279 

and  city  governments,  after  an  address  by  the  late 
General  Henry  A.  S.  Dearborn. 

The  committee  proposed  that  the  Association  should 
only  commence  the  enterprise,  leaving  it  to  a  special 
organization  formed  for  the  purpose  to  carry  it  into 
execution.  They  accordingly  recommended  that  a 
committee  should  be  appointed,  consisting  of  an  equal 
number  from  their  own  ranks  and  from  the  citizens  at 
large,  who,  together  with  the  Mayor  of  the  city,  the 
President  of  the  Common  Council,  and  the  presidents 
of  several  other  associations,  should  take  the  matter 
in  hand,  solicit  donations  and  make  all  other  neces- 
sary arrangements.  All  these  recommendations  were 
adopted  by  the  Association,  and  after  appointing  a 
committee  to  raise  funds  from  among  their  own  mem- 
bers, the  further  prosecution  of  the  work  was  entrusted 
to  the  new  organization. 

This  body  assembled  on  the  seventeenth  of  Janu- 
ary, 1854,  the  one  hundred  and  forty-eighth  anni- 
versary of  Franklin's  birth-day.  A  Sub-committee  on 
Design  and  Execution  was  appointed,  consisting  of 
Kobert  C.  Winthrop,  Jacob  Bigelow,  Jared  Sparks,  Ed- 
ward Everett,  William  H.  Prescott,  Thomas  G.  Apple- 
ton,  George  G.  Smith,  Henry  N.  Hooper,  Thomas 
Blanchard,  Epes  Sargent,  William  C.  Bond,  Joseph  M. 
Wightman,  and  Otis  Tufts. 

The  Committee  on  Finance  consisted  of  Abbott 
Lawrence,  David  Sears,  George  R  Russell,  Nathaniel 


280  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

B.  Shurtlefi^  J.  Ingersoll  Bowditch,  Thomas  P.  Gushing, 
Richard  Frothingham,  Jr.,  Stephen  Fairbanks,  Theoph- 
ilus  R  Marvin,  Osmyn  Brewster,  Daniel  N.  Haskell, 
John  H.  Thorndike,  and  Charles  G.  King.  The  Presi- 
dent, Treasurer  and  Secretary  of  the  Association  were 
invited  to  act  as  chairman,  treasurer,  and  secretary  of 
the  committee. 

The  organization  thus  being  completed,  the  most 
prompt  measures  were  taken  to  carry  the  work  for- 
ward. The  successful  result  of  the  separate  and  joint 
labors  of  the  two  committees  is  seen  in  the  statue 
before  us.  The  Committee  on  Design  have  already 
reported  through  their  chairman,  and  it  will  be  use- 
less to  add  anything  to  their  report,  except  the  ex- 
pression which  has  already  been  made  by  this  vast 
audience  of  unqualified  approbation  of  their  share  in 
the  work  committed  to  them.  The  Finance  Commit- 
tee immediately  commenced  the  solicitation  of  con- 
tributions from  our  principal  associated  bodies,  from 
the  medal  scholars  and  the  public.  The  appeal  met 
with  a  liberal  response  from  all  classes  of t  our  citizens, 
so  that  before  a  contract  was  made,  an  amount  suffi- 
cient was  raised  to  defray  the  cost  of  the  statue  and 
the  pedestal.  Arrangements  have  been  made  for 
the  composition  of  the  bas  reliefs,  and  artists  have 
been  engaged  to  design  them,  but  the  suggestion 
having  been  made  that  some  of  our  leading  organiza- 
tions would  like  an  opportunity  of  testifying  in  their 


PRESENTATION   ADDRESS.  281 

associated  capacity,  their  interest  in  this  memorial,  this 
portion  of  the  work  has  been  postponed  to  await  their 
action. 

The  Mechanic  Association  having  signified  their  de- 
sire to  fill  one  panel,  the  model  is  already  finished  and 
nearly  ready  to  be  put  in  the  hands  of  the  founder. 
They  have  appropriately  selected  for  representation 
that  portion  of  Franklin's  career  in  his  native  city 
when  he  was  engaged  at  his  trade  as  a  printer.  No 
doubt  other  societies  will  follow  then:  example,  and  fill 
the  remaining  panels  with  subjects  illustrating  other 
characteristic  scenes  in  his  eventful  life.  The  four 
phases  of  his  life,  in  each  of  which  the  eloquent  orator 
of  the  day  has  so  happily  illustrated  his  merits,  should 
have  a  suitable  memorial  on  the  four  sides  of  the 
pedestal  upon  which  his  statue  rests.  Franklin,  the 
mechanic,  the  philosopher,  the  patriot,  the  ambassador, 
have  each  a  special  story  to  tell  to  complete  this 
monument,  which  we  would  consecrate  to  his  exalted 
worth. 

The  labors  of  the  committee  have  been  of  a  most 
gratifying  character,  cheered  and  encouraged  as  they 
have  been  by  the  whole  community.  The  only  melan- 
choly thought  that  has  intruded  upon  the  congratula- 
tions of  this  occasion,  is  from  the  fact  that  some  of  our 
warmest  and  most  devoted  colleagues  at  the  commence- 
ment are  not  present  with  us  to  witness  its  conclusion. 
Mr.  Thomas  P.  Cushing  and  Mr.  Kirnball  Gibson  died 

36 


282  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

soon  after  the  committee  was  organized.  Our  late 
lamented  fellow-citizen,  Mr.  Abbott  Lawrence,  entered 
with  his  usual  alacrity  and  characteristic  zeal  into  the 
work,  and,  as  chairman  of  the  finance  committee,  did 
much  to  ensure  the  success  of  the  undertaking.  He 
looked  forward  to  this  hour  with  much  interest,  and 
guaranteed  that  no  pecuniary  aid  should  be  wanting 
to  make  it  worthy  of  the  character  of  Boston,  or  a 
fitting  memorial  of  its  distinguished  son. 

Franklin  was  a  man  of  the  people.  In  the  historical 
annals  of  the  past  no  one  has  more  nobly  illustrated 
the  virtues  of  the  humblest  position,  or  has  filled  more 
creditably  the  highest  stations  of  honor.  Whether  we 
see  him  in  the  performance  of  the  drudgery  of  a 
printer's  apprentice  in  Boston,  or  as  receiving  the  adu- 
lation of  the  titled  in  the  brilliant  saloons  at  Versailles, 
he  still  preserves  the  beautiful  simplicity  of  his  char- 
acter. His  example  has  inspired  the  hearts  of  the 
great  mass  of  the  people,  and  has  stirred  a  spirit  of 
emulation  which  has  formed  the  characters  of  thou- 
sands who  have  in  their  turn,  in  their  day  and  gener- 
ation, elevated  the  race  to  which  they  belong. 

Art  looks  to  wealth  in  a  great  measure  for  the 
reward  of  its  genius,  and  one  of  the  responsibilities  of 
the  rich  is  to  foster  and  encourage  it  for  the  public 
welfare :  but  the  crowning  significance  of  the  great 
work  of  art  which  we  this  day  inaugurate,  is  that  it 


PRESENTATION    ADDRESS.  283 

came  from  all  classes  of  the  people.  No  large  donation 
aided  in  its  erection,  but  its  cost  is  defrayed  from  the 
voluntary  contributions  of  thousands. 

It  would  be  idle  for  me  to  add  anything  to  the 
elaborate  analysis  that  has  already  been  presented  of 
Franklin's  life  and  career.  In  the  degree  that  his  char- 
acter and  services  are  examined,  the  more  exalted  will 
be  our  appreciation  of  him.  I  must  confess  that  until 
recently  I  had  comparatively  but  a  feeble  estimate  of 
his  true  merits.  I  had  considered  him,  to  be  sure,  as 
an  illustrious  example  of  one  who  sprung  from  the 
humblest  walks,  yet  became  a  companion  of  kings, 
wielding  by  his  influence  the  destinies  of  nations. 

His  services  in  preparing  the  minds  of  our  fathers 
for  the  important  steps  that  led  to  the  revolutionary 
era,  his  active  participation  in  its  stirring  events,  and, 
when  the  cause  was  almost  lost,  his  mission  to  Europe 
to  secure  the  cooperation  of  the  French  court  have 
never  been  fully  valued.  It  was  his  personal  influence 
and  popularity  that  secured  France  as  our  ally  in  that 
desperate  condition  of  our  affairs.  His  practical  states- 
manship moulded  our  most  cherished  political  institu- 
tions. His  discoveries  in  science  would  have  made  him 
distinguished  even  if  they  had  been  his  only  field  of 
effort.  His  numerous  plans  for  the  systematic  organ- 
ization of  charity  have  hallowed  his  name  as  one  of 
the  first  of  philanthropists;  his  life-long  devotion  to  the 
profession  of  his  boyhood  has  added  a  dignity  to  the 


284  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

mechanic  arts,  while  his  sententious  maxims  and  homely 
proverbs  have  become  household  words  wherever  the 
English  language  is  spoken.  It  is  only  in  this  last  par- 
ticular that  his  merits  have  been  questioned,  for  it  has 
been  said  that  his  system  of  morals  tends  to  parsimony, 
and  that  the  frugality  he  inculcated  was  but  another 
name  for  the  hoarding  of  wealth ;  but  such  is  not  the 
fact,  economy  with  him  was  united  to  a  judicious  liber- 
ality. If  he  said  "  A  penny  saved  is  a  penny  earned," 
he  also  said  that  "  We  must  save  that  we  may  share." 

Herder,  the  celebrated  German  writer,  predicted 
"that  the  eighteenth  century  would  be  known  in  his- 
tory as  the  age  of  Washington  and  Franklin."  Both 
of  them  commenced  and  finished  their  career  during 
that  century,  both  were  united  in  the  same  grand 
events  which  distinguished  that  age,  and  both  have 
come  down  to  us,  and  will  go  down  to  succeeding  gen- 
erations, renowned  as  historical  characters,  and  sharing 
almost  in  an  equal  degree  the  affections  of  the  people. 

Art  has  already  symbolized  the  presence  of  the  one, 
and  his  statue  in  marble  stands  enthroned  within  the 
walls  of  the  capitol ;  to-day  the  other  appears  in  bronze 
in  our  thronged  streets  and  in  our  marts  of  business, 
significant  of  that  practical  character  which  was  his 
highest  merit. 

One  of  our  own  most  gifted  divines  has  recently 
said  "  that  we  are  educated  by  our  admirations ;  by  our 
admiration  of  persons ;  individuals  and  nations  are  edu- 


PRESENTATION   ADDRESS.  285 

cated  by  the  great  men  they  propose  to  themselves  for 
models."  If  this  is  the  truth,  —  and  who  will  deny  it, 
—  what  should  our  people  become  with  such  examplars 
before  them.  Let  us  cherish  then*  memories  and  emu- 
late their  virtues,  thereby  elevating  our  own  standard 
of  character. 

Mr.  Mayor,  in  the  name  and  by  the  authority  of 
those  who  have  contributed  to  its  erection,  I  give  up 
this  statue  to  you,  as  the  chief  magistrate  of  this 
city.  It  is  to  the  people  of  this  metropolis  that  it 
belongs,  and  to  their  chosen  rulers  we  consign  its  cus- 
tody. It  will  exist  long  after  the  present  inhabitants 
have  mingled  with  their  kindred  dust,  and  is  a  legacy 
of  the  present  generation  to  those  who  shall  succeed 
them.  It  is  well  in  these  eventful  days  that  the  fathers 
of  the  republic  should  again  make  their  appearance  in 
some  tangible  form.  They  will  remind  us  of  their  sac- 
rifices in  our  behalf,  and  stimulate  us  to  cling  more 
closely  to  the  rich  blessings  they  have  bequeathed  to 
us.  Let  this  statue  be  consecrated  on  this  spot  which 
has  been  dedicated  to  our  municipal  legislation,  remind- 
ing our  public  servants  of  the  integrity  which  should 
guide  their  acts,  and  of  that  immaculate  virtue  which 
is  the  only  safety  in  conducting  public  affairs.  Let  a 
portion  of  the  same  zeal  and  interest  which  has  distin- 
guished the  present  government  in  their  arrangements 
for  the  reception  of  the  statue  be  employed  by  their 


286  FRANKLIN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

successors  in  its  safe  keeping  and  preservation;  then 
will  the  wishes  of  the  donors  be  realized,  and  Franklin's 
name  and  Franklin's  fame  will  be  secure  as  long  as 
the  place  of  his  birth  has  a  name  in  history. 


Mr.  Lincoln,  who  had  been  very  cordially  greeted  when 
he  rose,  also  received  the  prolonged  acclamations  of 
the  immense  crowd,  when  he  ceased  speaking.  He 
wore  upon  his  dress  the  badges  of  several  associations 
with  which  he  was  connected,  conspicuous  among  which 
was  that  of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  As- 
sociation, of  which  he  was  the  presiding  officer,  and 
also  of  the  Committee  of  Fifty  of  which  he  was  chair- 
man. The  address  was  listened  to  with  profound  atten- 
tion, the  audience  occasionally  expressing  their  pleas- 
ure and  approbation  of  the  performance,  and  also 
their  approval  of  the  acts  of  the  committee,  in  a  man- 
ner decidedly  complimentary. 

His  Honor,  ALEXANDER  H.  RICE,  Mayor  of  the  City, 
then  arose,  and  having  been  duly  announced,  and 
received  in  a  most  nattering  manner,  delivered  the 
following  address,  accepting,  in  behalf  of  the  City 
of  Boston,  the  future  custody  and  charge  of  the 
statue. 


ADDRESS   OF   RECEPTION. 


MR.  PRESIDENT  AND  FELLOW-CITIZENS,  —  The  duty  which 
devolves  upon  me,  in  pursuance  of  the  ceremonies  of 
this  august  occasion,  is  simple,  brief  and  responsive. 
The  eloquent  tribute  which  has  just  been  paid  to  the 
genius  and  character  of  him  whom  we  delight  to  desig- 
nate as  the  GREAT  BOSTONIAN,  and  to  which  you,  Sir, 
have  alluded  in  terms  of  just  and  ungarnished  compli- 
ment, has  prepared  us  for  a  more  adequate  apprecia- 
tion of  the  theme  and  of  the  appropriateness  of  this 
splendid  memorial. 

To  have  originated  a  project  so  meritorious  hi  its 
character,  one  which  has  met  the  unqualified  and  uni- 
versal approval  of  a  great  community,  is  a  distinction 
which  well  comports  with  a  reputation  for  liberal 
endowments,  elegant  culture,  and  honorable  deeds  in 
the  public  service.  That  noble  institution  which  you 
so  ably  represent,  and  which  is  identified  with  much 
that  is  patriotic  and  commemorative  in  our  community, 
has  added,  by  this  distinguished  and  appropriate  offer- 
ing, a  new  bond  of  interest  in  its  objects  and  character, 


288  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

and  is  justly  entitled  to  the  thanks  of  every  citizen  of 
Boston.  The  institution,  moreover,  was  fortunate  in 
adding  to  the  practical  wisdom  and  skill  which  are  con- 
centrated in  its  own  organization,  the  counsel  and  coop- 
eration of  those  who  are  cheerfully  acknowledged 
among  us  as  standards  of  authority  in  matters  per- 
taining to  artistic  genius  and  taste;  while  the  list  of 
more  than  two  thousand  subscribers  to  the  cost  of  the 
statue,  indicates  the  magnanimity  which  allowed  the 
general  public  to  participate  in  the  lasting  honor  of 
aiding  so  noble  an  enterprise. 

There  is  a  charming  interest  in  the  associations  of 
the  day  and  of  the  occasion.  It  is  our  municipal  birth- 
day ;  and  the  gift  which  is  now  before  us  may  seem  to 
partake  somewhat  of  the  delicate  and  peculiar  nature 
of  those  offerings  which  pass  between  persons  sustain- 
ing tender  and  intimate  relations  to  each  other,  on  the 
recurrence  of  like  interesting  anniversaries.  What 
worthier  birth-day  offering  to  this  noble  city  than  the 
statue  of  her  greatest  native  son?  Nor  is  this  the 
only  association  worthy  of  remembrance.  This  day 
marks  the  anniversary  of  another  event  scarcely  to  be 
regarded  as  secondary  to  any  in  our  municipal  history, 
—  the  laying  of  the  corner  stone  of  the  building  for 
our  public  library,  —  that  noble  institution  which  forms 
the  culmination  of  our  system  of  free  instruction, — 
on  which  occasion  the  same  eloquent  voice  which  has 
to-day  been  enlisted  in  the  service  of  art,  made  a  like 


ADDRESS    OF   RECEPTION.  289 

acceptable  performance  in  the  service  of  letters.  But 
it  is  also  delightful  to  every  liberal  mind  to  be  able  to 
look  beyond  our  own  confines  for  concurring  incidents, 
and  to  find  them  linking  to  the  present  occasion  asso- 
ciations of  a  national  character.  It  certainly  must  be  a 
fitting  pleasure  to  us  all,  to  remember  that  the  com- 
mencement of  our  municipal  existence,  the  foundation 
of  our  public  library  building,  and  the  erection  of  our 
first  great  statue,  all  took  place  on  the  same  day  of  the 
same  month  on  which  our  federal  constitution  was 
adopted.  The  annals  of  our  city  are  enriched  by  the 
record  of  the  birth  of  the  illustrious  Franklin;  the 
annals  of  our  country,  by  the  record  of  his  public  ser- 
vices ;  and  the  annals  of  mankind,  by  the  record  of  his 
wisdom  and  philanthropy. 

That  his  personal  connection  with  our  city  ceased  at 
so  early  a  period,  must  be  regarded  as  a  calamity  to 
our  local  history ;  but  he  has  himself  left  a  perennial 
token  of  attachment  to  his  early  home,  and  of  grati- 
tude for  its  care  and  patronage  of  his  dawning  genius. 
He  says  in  his  will :  "  I  was  born  in  Boston,  in  New 
England,  and  owe  my  first  instructions  in  literature  to 
the  free  grammar  schools  established  there;  I  there- 
fore give  one  hundred  pounds  sterling  to  my  executors, 
to  be  by  them,  the  survivors  or  survivor  of  them,  paid 
over  to  the  managers  or  directors  of  the  free  schools  in 
my  native  town  of  Boston,  to  be  by  them  or  those  per- 
son or  persons  who  shall  have  the  superintendence  and 

37 


290  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

management  of  said  schools,  put  out  at  interest  forever, 
which  interest  annually  shall  be  laid  out  in  silver 
medals,  and  given  as  honorary  rewards  annually  by  the 
directors  of  said  free  schools  for  the  encouragement  of 
scholarship  in  the  said  schools  belonging  to  said  town, 
in  such  manner  as  to  the  selectmen  of  said  town  shall 
seem  meet." 

It  was  in  pursuance  of  the  conditions  of  this  dona- 
tion that  the  practice  of  awarding  medals  to  meritorious 
scholars  in  our  public  schools  commenced,  as  early  as 
the  year  1792.  This  practice  has  been  continued  with- 
out interruption  to  the  present  time,  and  the  medals 
which  have  been  derived  from  the  interest  of  the  "  one 
hundred  pounds  sterling,"  have  ever  been  designated  as 
the  FRANKLIN  MEDALS.  Among  the  recipients  of  these 
tokens  have  been  many  who  obtained  honorable  dis- 
tinction in  after  life,  and  thus  fulfilled  the  promise 
which  attended  the  success  of  their  first  intellectual 
efforts;  and  how  many  others  have  been  led  to  posi- 
tions of  usefulness  and  honor,  who  might  have  fallen 
far  below  their  actual  attainments,  without  the  stimulus 
which  these  little  mementoes  have  afforded,  can  be 
estimated  best  by  those  who  appreciate  that  common 
attribute  of  our  nature,  which,  especially  in  the  young, 
requires  something  more  than  the  consciousness  of 
accomplished  duty  as  an  incentive  to  protracted  exer- 
tion. How  full  of  deep  suggestion  and  touching  pathos 
is  the  spectacle  which  has  been  exhibited  to-day,  of 


ADDRESS    OF   RECEPTION.  291 

the  recipients  of  these  honorable  tokens,  marching  in 
lengthened  column,  section  after  section,  year  by  year, 
in  consecutive  generations  covering  more  than  the  ordi- 
nary life  of  man,  each  one  adorned  with  the  trophy  of 
his  youthful  toil,  and  bearing  before  the  image  of  his 
benefactor  a  life-long  tribute  of  veneration  and  grati- 
tude. The  Franklin  medals,  the  spot  where  he  was 
born,  the  scenes  of  his  early  service  and  apprenticeship, 
and  the  graves  of  his  father  and  mother,  are  all  the 
palpable  memorials  which  we  have  hitherto  possessed, 
to  remind  us  of  the  intimate  relations  which  he  once 
sustained  to  those  who  have  preceded  us,  in  this  city 
of  our  homes.  Beyond  these,  we  divide  the  local 
honors  of  his  fame  with  those  who  shared  the  compan- 
ionship of  his  later  years,  and  with  their  successors. 
The  life  of  a  great  man  is  a  treasure  to  a  nation; 
it  leaves  its  impress  in  characteristic  deeds  and  senti- 
ments upon  the  generations  following  him.  For  it  is 
the  destiny  assigned  by  Providence  that  the  vast  multi- 
tude of  men  shall  stand  upon  the  great  plains  of 
society,  where  the  undulations  of  distinction  are  so 
slight  as  to  present  them  to  remote,  and  even  to  nearer 
observers,  as  ranging  at  a  common  level  It  is  only  at 
long  intervals,  and  as  if  by  a  miracle  of  Nature,  that 
the  human  powers  appear  in  their  diviner  forms,  and 
lift  their  capacities  to  those  elevations  from  which  they 
gaze  steadily  upon  the  great  field  of  truth  stretching 
onward  and  backward  beneath  the  whole  firmament  of 


292  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

time,  and  making  its  boundaries  only  on  the  eternal 
shores.  When  left  to  the  unbridled  sway  of  human 
passion,  these  powers  become  the  resistless  enginery 
which  works  revolution,  destruction  and  dismay ;  but, 
fraught  with  loftier  aims,  theirs  is  the  Archimedean 
power  which  lifts  and  sways  the  world.  The  high  ven- 
eration which  accompanies  the  name  of  Franklin,  is 
due,  not  to  the  brilliant  achievements  which  have  in 
all  ages  constituted  the  basis  of  political  or  military 
renown,  but  to  those  higher  philosophic  powers,  which 
foster  genius,  develop  art,  illuminate  science,  ennoble 
society,  and  transfuse  the  spirit  of  progress  through 
the  race.  He  brought  no  distinction  with  his  birth. 
Fame  wreathed  no  garland  for  his  infant  brow ;  Wealth 
strewed  no  golden  luxuries  in  his  early  pathway;  but 
while  he  pursued  the  course  of  his  earthly  pilgrimage, 
solving  the  problems  of  common  life  by  the  mysterious 
alchemy  of  unfolding  truth,  he  entered,  as  if  uncon- 
sciously, a  sublimer  sphere  wherein  there  rose  about 
him  a  transcending  glory,  which  shall  linger  forever  in 
tints  softer  than  the  phosphorescence  of  the  sea,  but 
pure  and  changeless  as  the  stars.  To  perpetuate  the 
memory  of  such  a  man  is  to  preserve  the  influence  of 
his  virtues  and  prolong  the  acts  of  his  life ;  it  is  to 
stimulate  the  ambition  of  the  young  by  the  potency 
of  living  example,  and  to  raise  the  standard  of  those 
who  aspire  to  distinction  through  deeds  of  beneficence 
to  their  race. 


ADDRESS    OF   RECEPTION.  293 

In  the  catalogue  of  means  employed  by  the  wisest 
and  purest  nations  of  the  earth,  monumental  repre- 
sentations are  known  to  have  been  among  the  most 
ancient  and  influential  in  nourishing  and  perpetuating 
the  characteristics  of  men  and  of  events ;  and  as  it  is 
the  good  fortune  of  our  city  to  enjoy  this  opportu- 
nity so  favorable  to  the  imitation  of  their  example, 
so  auspicious  to  virtue,  to  science,  to  the  common 
arts,  to  statemanship,  to  pure  humanity,  this  statue 
—  the  first  of  its  kind  ever  erected  within  her  bor- 
ders —  unrivalled  in  the  perfection  of  its  execution 
and  in  the  faithful  presentment  of  the  illustrious 
dead,  worthily  receives  this  brilliant  and  unequalled 
pageant. 

In  the  name  and  in  behalf  of  the  government  and 
people  of  Boston,  Mr.  President,  I  receive  at  your 
hands  the  care  and  custody  of  this  statue  of  Benjamin 
Franklin,  to  stand  forever  in  front  of  the  City  Hall, 
with  sufficient  safeguards  to  protect  it  from  decay 
and  common  casualties.  No  words  of  thanks  are  nec- 
essary ;  none  are  adequate.  This  mighty  concourse 
of  people,  embracing  civil  and  judicial  functionaries, 
princely  merchants,  intelligent  and  hardy  mechanics, 
citizen  soldiery,  and  the  gallant  protectors  of  life  and 
property  from  flames ;  the  schools  and  their  graduates, 
members  of  scientific,  literary,  charitable,  fraternal, 
mercantile  and  mechanical  associations ;  people  of 
every  rank,  of  every  age  —  I  might  almost  truthfully 


284  FRANKLIN  STATUE  MEMORIAL. 

say,  of  every  nation  —  have  converted  a  day  of  com- 
mon toil  into  a  great  festival  of  genius  and  art,  and 
borne  hither  their  tribute  to  the  great  man's  memory, 
and  to  you  their  abounding  thanks.  Here  shall  the 
statue  stand,  the  immediate  object  of  municipal  pro- 
tection ;  the  sun  shall  illuminate  it  by  day ;  the  pensive 
stars  shall  keep  its  vigils  by  night.  Innocent  childhood 
shall  henceforth  surround  it  with  prattling  inquiries; 
generous  youth  shall  kindle  before  it  with  enthusiasm, 
with  resolution,  with  hope ;  and  virtuous  age  shall  bid 
it  close  the  vista  of  life,  bringing  consolation  for  the 
past  in  the  hope  of  remembrance  in  posterity.  It 
shall  be  a  silent  mentor  to  those  who  keep  the  public 
weal,  a  stimulus  to  duty>  a  solace  to  wearisome  care,  a 
shame  to  unfaithfulness.  In  times  of  peace  it  shall  be 
like  the  harbinger  of  prosperity,  and  amidst  the  strife 
of  contending  sentiment,  or  the  direful  calamity  of 
war,  like  the  images  of  the  fathers  rising  in  the  midst 
of  the  Roman  populace  and  leading  it  to  peace,  or 
stimulating  it  for  victory,  so  may  this  image  of  the 
ennobling  sage  restore  the  calmness  of  reason  or  pre- 
pare for  triumph. 

Thanking  you,  fellow-citizens,  for  the  cordial  unan- 
imity, energy,  and  liberality  with  which  you  have 
undertaken  your  respective  parts  in  the  splendid  and 
imposing  ceremonies  of  this  day,  and  mingling  my 
joyous  emotions  with  yours  over  the  brilliant  success 
which  has  crowned  your  endeavors,  I  also  invoke  your 


INAUGURAL    SERVICES.  295 

gratitude  to  that  Power  which  has  brought  us  hitherto 
as  a  people  in  so  great  prosperity. 

Refreshed  by  the  contemplation  of  the  character 
of  the  great  Bostonian,  whom  mankind  have  honored 
as  a  common  benefactor,  may  we,  at  every  sight  of 
this  beautiful  memorial,  renew  our  recollection  of  his 
life  and  that  of  his  immortal  compeers ;  so  that  cling- 
ing, ourselves,  to  the  same  nobility  of  purpose,  and 
imbued  with  admiration  of  their  ineffable  virtues,  we 
may  vie  with  each  other  and  with  them  in  patriotic 
devotion  to  our  beloved  city,  to  her  honor,  her  happi- 
ness, her  prosperity ;  and  "  even  as  with  the  fathers, 
so  may  God  be  with  us." 


When  His  Honor  the  Mayor  had  concluded,  and  the 
concourse  of  spectators  had  allowed  their  applause  to 
subside,  the  masonic  ceremonies  of  the  inauguration 
of  the  statue  were  commenced  by  the  Grand  Lodge  of 
Freemasons  of  Massachusetts,  under  their  Grand  Mas- 
ter, WmsLOW  LEWIS,  M.D.,  assisted  by  other  grand  offi- 
cers of  the  Grand  Lodge.  The  masonic  brethren, 
being  in  the  fourth  division  of  the  procession,  did  not 
arrive  at  the  scene  of  action  until  Hon.  Mr.  Win- 
throp  had  made  considerable  progress  in  the  delivery 
of  his  oration.  The  Grand  Lodge,  accompanied  by  the 
De  Molay  Encampment  of  Knights  Templars,  who 


296  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

acted  by  invitation  as  a  body  guard,  in  honor  of  the 
memory  of  the  most  distinguished  member  of  the 
order,  having  collected  around  the  statue,  the  Grand 
Master  addressed  His  Honor  the  Mayor,  as  follows :  — 

MR.  MAYOR,  —  It  is  a  custom,  and  surely  now  a  time- 
honored  one,  that  corner-stones  of  public  structures 
should  be  laid  by  the  fraternity  of  Freemasons.  Our 
national  and  state  capitols,  our  great  commemorative 
monuments,  were  thus  commenced.  And  for  the  cere- 
monial of  this  day,  we  have  a  recent  precedent  in 
the  inauguration  of  the  statue  of  our  late  brother 
Henry  Clay,  at  New  Orleans,  where  it  was  duly 
observed,  —  a  ceremonial  which  on  this  occasion,  is 
necessarily  brief  and  simple ;  for  here  the  structure  is 
complete  and  finished,  and  all  that  devolves  on  us, 
is  to  pronounce  it  WELL  DONE. 

We  have  here  gathered  together  in  a  two-fold  rela- 
tion; to  unite  with  this  vast  concourse  of  our  fellow- 
citizens  in  adding  our  homage  to  the  memory  of  an 
illustrious  patriot  and  philosopher;  and  also,  as  a  dis- 
tinct society,  to  pay  our  tribute  to  one,  who  through 
a  long  and  active  life,  was  a  devoted,  zealous  and  much 
attached  brother  of  this  order.  In  1734,  at  the  early 
age  of  twenty-eight,  he  was  Grand  Master  of  Penn- 
sylvania ;  and  in  1787,  when  near  the  close  of  his 
valued  life,  he  affiliated  himself  as  member  of  a  lodge 
in  Paris,  over  which  the  great  astronomer  Lalande 


INAUGURAL   SERVICES.  297 

presided.  But  I  forbear,  after  so  much  has  been  said, 
and  so  well  said,  to  enlarge  on  the  topic,  and  have  only 
to  add,  that  he  who  drew  the  physical  spark  from 
heaven,  also  made  more  active  and  warmly  cultivated, 
that  moral  electricity  which  connects  man  with  his 
brother  man,  and  which  should  enchain  all  in  one  com- 
mon brotherhood. 

For  this,  therefore,  we  gather  here  to-day;  and  may 
our  grand  principles  of  brotherly  love  and  friendship 
pervade  the  world. 

[Having  directed  his  officers  to  apply  the  square, 
level  and  plumb,  and  they  having  reported  that  the 
craftsmen  had  well  and  truly  performed  their  work, 
the  Grand  Master  continued:] 

I  declare  this  structure  true,  trusty  and  well  formed. 
Long  may  it  stand  an  enduring  monument  of  the  grati- 
tude, taste  and  liberality  of  the  metropolis  of  New 
England. 


An  arrangement  having  been  made  that  at  the  com- 
mencement of  the  inaugural  oration  an  announce- 
ment of  the  fact  should  be  communicated  by  magnetic 
telegraph  to  the  mayors  of  various  cities,  and  also  to 
many  of  the  principal  functionaries  in  different  parts 

88 


298  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

of  the  American  continent,  His  Honor  the  Mayor  read 
aloud  to  the  audience  the  following  responses,  which  he 
had  received  during  the  progress  of  the  exercises ;  and 
which  were  received  with  the  greatest  imaginable  satis- 
faction and  delight  by  the  vast  assemblage  within  the 
inclosure  in  front  of  the  City  Hall. 

Halifax,  N.  S.   Sept.  17. 

To  Mayor  of  Boston.  Could  the  great  philosopher  whose  statue  you 
are  this  day  inaugurating,  and  whose  original  and  comprehensive  mind 
suggested  the  idea  of  drawing  lightning  from  the  clouds,  now  behold  the 
wonderful  and  useful  progress  which  electricity  has  been  made  to  sub- 
serve, he'  would  heartily  rejoice  that  his  efforts  in  the  promotion  of  the 
arts  and  sciences  have  been  so  triumphantly  pursued,  and  that  the  intel- 
ligence of  the  present  age  has  applied  to  such  noble  and  serviceable 
purposes  that  power  he  discovered. 

ARCHIBALD  SCOTT,  Mayor  of  Halifax. 

New    York,   Sept.  17. 

To  His  Honor  the  Mayor.  Forever  honored  be  the  citizens  of  Boston. 
The  statue  of  Franklin  now  stands  in  remembrance  of  one  of  the  greatest 
men  of  the  revolution,  and  who  will  ever  live  in  the  hearts  of  his  coun- 
trymen. ISAAC  0.  BARKER,  Acting  Mayor. 

Troy,  N.  T.,  Sept.  17. 

To  the  Mayor  of  Boston  —  Greeting.  Benjamin  Franklin,  the  great 
Printer  and  Statesman  —  May  his  virtues  be  commemorated  in  the  hearts 
of  his  countrymen,  while  they  regard  with  sacred  reverence  the  natal  day 
of  the  constitution  of  our  glorious  country. 

THE  MAYOR  OF  TROY. 

Dover,  N.H.,  Sept.  17. 

To  Hon.  A.  H.  Rice.  The  City  of  Dover  tenders  her  respects  for 
Benjamin  Franklin.  ANDREW  PIERCE,  Mayor. 


INAUGURAL   SERVICES.  299 

Philadelphia,  Sept.   17. 

To  His  Honor  the  Mayor  of  Boston.  R.  Vaux,  Mayor  of  Philadel- 
phia, sends  to  the  Hon.  A.  H.  Rice,  Mayor  of  Boston,  the  following 
sentiment : 

Benjamin  Franklin  —  Philadelphia  claims  a  share  in  the  renown  of 
him  whose  name  is  identified  with  American  liberty,  learning,  and 
lightning. 

New  Haven,    Conn.,  Sept.  17. 

Mayor  of  Boston :  —  I  should  be  happy  to  unite  with  you  in  your 
festival  if  in  my  power.  Permit  me  to  propose  as  a  sentiment  for  the 
occasion : 

Benjamin  Franklin.  —  His  fame  belongs  to  New  England ;  the  honor 
of  properly  perpetuating  it  to  Boston.  p.  g.  GALPIN,  Mayor. 

Albany,  Sept.  17. 

To  His  Honor  the  Mayor  of  Boston :  —  The  Mayor  of  Albany  con- 
gratulates the  Mayor  and  the  citizens  of  Boston  upon  the  event  of  * 
establishing  in  their  midst  another  lasting  monument  to  the  virtues  of  the 
Mechanic,  the  Philosopher,  the  Patriot  —  Franklin.  As  he  taught  them 
to  divert  the  lightning  stroke,  may  the  citizens  of  Boston  shield  his 
virtues  from  forgetfulness,  and  the  memory  of  his  greatness  from  all 
detraction.  ELI  PERRY,  Mayor. 

Bridgeport,    Conn.,  Sept.  17. 

To  His  Honor  the  Mayor  of  Boston.  Please  offer  the  following  senti- 
ment for  Bridgeport : 

Benjamin  Franklin  —  The  Statesman  and  Philosopher ;  his  name 
assures  us  that  throughout  the  world  the  purest  liberty  shall  yet  adorn 
the  highest  civilization.  p.  C.  CALHOUN,  Mayor. 

Springfield,  Sept.  17. 

To  the  Mayor  of  Boston.  Springfield  greets  Boston  on  this  aus- 
picious occasion.  May  the  statue  endure  forever,  as  will  the  memory  of 
the  illustrious  man  it  represents  in  the  hearts  of  the  American  people. 

MAYOR  OF  SPRINGFIELD. 


300  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Baltimore,  Sept.   17. 

Mayor  of  Boston.  Dispatch  received.  Interesting  occasion.  In 
memory  of  him  who  worked  the  lever  by  which  the  minds  of  men  are 
swayed  and  influenced  more  than  by  any  other  agency,  namely,  the  press ; 
and  who  first  made  known  the  mighty  power  of  electricity ;  by  which 
means  the  thoughts  of  men  are  transmitted  with  lightning  speed  from  one 
extreme  of  this  vast  republic  to  the  other.  Glorious  event,  worthy  of 
the  sons  of  the  old  Bay  State.  MAYOR  OF  BALTIMORE. 

Pittsfield,  Sept.   17. 

To  His  Honor  the  Mayor  of  Boston.  You  do  us  honor  overmuch. 
We  are  a  rural  town  as  yet,  without  a  mayor ;  but  the  "  Old  Elm  "  of 
Pittsfield  Park  sends  greetings  to  the  "  Old  Elm"  of  Boston  Common, 
and  to  His  Honor  the  Mayor  of  Boston,  while  the  western  borders  of 
Massachusetts  claims  her  share  in  the  glory  which  Franklin  shed  over 
the  old  Commonwealth,  and  hails  his  illustrious  birth-place  and  his  new 
statue.  THE  OLD  ELM  OF  PITTSFIELD. 


Springfield,   Sept.   17. 

To  His  Honor  the  Mayor  of  Boston.  The  operators  of  the  American 
Telegraph  Company  of  Springfield  offer  the  following  sentiment : 

Benjamin  Franklin  —  The  Christian,  Patriot,  Statesman,  and  Philoso- 
pher. May  we  imitate  his  virtues  —  emulate  his  patriotism  and  honor 
his  memory  as  long  as  the  universal  statue  to  his  genius,  the  electric 
telegraph,  shall  continue  to  bless  mankind. 

Albany,  Sept..   17. 

To  His  Honor  the  Mayor  of  Boston.  May  the  memory  of  the  life 
of  Franklin  stimulate  the  Bostonians  to  emulate  his  character  and  culti- 
vate his  virtues.  pROM  THE  MAYOR  OF  ALBANY. 


Portland,  Sept.  17. 

To  the  Mayor  of  Boston.     The  City  of  Portland  bows  also  to  the 
great  apostle  of  science  and  liberty. 

JAMES  T.  McCosB,  Mayor. 


INAUGURAL   SERVICES.  301 

Hartford,,    Conn.,   Sept.  17. 

To  the  Mayor  of  Boston.  The  useful  arts.  In  Franklin's  own  lan- 
guage —  He  that  hath  a  trade,  hath  an  estate.  —  He  that  hath  a  calling, 
hath  an  office  of  honor  and  profit. 

H.  C.  DEMING,  Mayor  of  Hartford. 

Middletown,    Conn.,  Sept.  18. 

To  the  Mayor  of  Boston.  All  honor  to  the  memory  of  Franklin. 
The  statue  you  have  inaugurated  is  a  beautiful  and  deserved  tribute  to 
his  character  as  a  philosopher,  and  his  many  virtues  as  a  man  and  a 
patriot ;  may  it  long  stand  as  a  monument  of  the  intelligence  and  liber- 
ality of  the  people  of  your  noble  city. 

EDWIN  F.  JOHNSON,  Mayor. 

After  His  Honor  the  Mayor  had  read  aloud  these 
responses,  and  three  hearty  cheers  had  been  given  for 
the  statue,  the  whole  assembly,  led  by  the  school  chil- 
dren, joined  in  singing  the  following  doxology,  to  the 
tune  of  «  Old  hundred  " :  — 

From  all  that  dwell  below  the  skies, 
Let  the  Creator's  praise  arise ; 
Let  the  Redeemer's  name  be  sung, 
Through  every  land,  by  every  tongue. 

Eternal  are  thy  mercies,  Lord ; 

Eternal  truth  attends  thy  word ; 

Thy  praise  shall  sound  from  shore  to  shore, 

Till  suns  shall  rise  and  set  no  more. 

At  about  twenty  minutes  past  five  o'clock  in  the 
afternoon,  the  inaugural  services  were  closed  by  the 
Eight  Reverend  Manton  Eastburn,  Bishop  of  the  dio- 
cese of  Massachusetts,  who  pronounced  the  following 


302  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

BENEDICTION. 

The  peace  of  God,  which  passeth  all  understanding, 
keep  your  hearts  and  minds  in  the  knowledge  and 
love  of  God,  and  of  his  Son  Jesus  Christ  our  Lord : 
And  the  blessing  of  God  Almighty,  the  Father,  the 
Son,  and  the  Holy  Ghost,  be  amongst  you,  and  remain 
with  you  always.  AMEN. 


The  inaugural  exercises  having  been  concluded,  and 
the  statue  having  been  thoroughly  inspected  from  all 
points  of  view,  the  gratified  assembly  retired  from  the 
enclosure,  a  portion  of  the  concourse  to  their  quiet 
homes,  while  some  hastened  to  witness  the  trial  of  skill 
exhibited  by  the  fire  department  on  the  Common,  and 
others  reassembled  in  different  places,  to  partake  of  the 
various  private  entertainments  which  were  numerously 
given  in  honor  of  the  occasion,  or  to  listen  to  the  dis- 
course by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Chapin,  before  the  members  of 
the  Mercantile  Library  Association  and  others,  in  the 
Tremont  Temple. 

Before  closing  this  account  of  the  exercises,  it  is 
worthy  of  notice  that  among  many  of  the  interesting 
reminiscences  of  Franklin  which  were  observable  on 
the  occasion  of  the  inauguration  of  the  statue,  the 
orator  exhibited  to  the  audience  a  volume  of  the 


INAUGURAL    SERVICES.  303 

original  almanacs  which  Franklin  published  in  Phila- 
delphia, under  the  name  of  Richard  Saunders,  the 
same  which  are  most  generally  known  as  Poor  Rich- 
ard's Almanacs,  and  which  were  placed  in  his  hands, 
as  he  ascended  the  platform,  by  John  F.  Eliot,  Esq. 
Mr.  Winthrop  also  had  with  him  the  original  draft  of 
Franklin's  famous  speech,  delivered  when  the  Consti- 
tution of  the  United  States  was  adopted,  loaned  for 
the  purpose  by  Hon.  Jared  Sparks,  the  present  owner 
of  the  curious  treasure,  the  production  of  which  drew 
from  the  audience  peals  of  applause.  To  heighten  the 
interest  of  the  day,  a  few  venerable  persons  were 
present  who  wore  the  identical  medals  which  were 
awarded  to  them  when  they  were  first  distributed  in 
accordance  with  the  will  of  Franklin. 

Everything  connected  with  the  exercises  was  of  a 
very  satisfactory  character,  and  much  credit  is  due  to 
Farnham  Plummer,  Esq.,  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
of  Arrangements,  to  Col.  Newell  A.  Thompson,  the 
Chief  Marshal  of  the  procession,  and  to  J.  Thomas 
Stevenson,  Esq.,  the  marshal  of  the  enclosure,  for  the 
comfortable  and  orderly  manner  in  which  the  whole 
affair  was  conducted. 


CLOSE    OF   THE  FESTIVAL. 


CLOSE    OF   THE   FESTIVAL. 


PARADE    AXD    DISPLAY    OF    THE    FIRE    DEPARTMENT. 

THE  Boston  Fire  Department,  comprising  twelve  engine, 
three  hook  and  ladder,  and  five  hydrant  companies, 
after  having  assembled,  on  the  morning  of  the  seven- 
teenth of  September,  at  eight  o'clock,  and  having 
been  formed  into  line  in  the  Tremont  Street  Mall, 
for  inspection  by  the  city  government,  joined  the 
procession,  as  has  already  been  described,  and  made  a 
very  handsome  appearance. 

At  about  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  the  trial  of 
skill  commenced.  For  this  purpose,  the  westerly  end 
of  the  pond  in  the  Common,  and  a  large  space  west  of 
it,  was  set  off  by  ropes  and  guarded  by  police ;  and  plat- 
forms were  erected  for  the  engines.  All  of  the  promi- 
nent places  for  viewing  the  show  were  occupied  by 
numerous  spectators,  who  from  time,  as  anything  pecu- 
liarly striking  occurred,  sent  forth  tremendous  shouts 
of  encouragement  and  applause.  The  engines  were 
admitted  one  at  a  time,  and  were  supplied  with  water 


308  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

from  the  pond.  The  leading  hose  used,  and  through 
which  water  was  forced,  was  three  hundred  feet  in 
length,  —  one  portion  leading  into  a  tank  capable  of 
containing  two  thousand  gallons,  while  another  termi- 
nated in  a  pipe,  from  which  water  was  ejected  in  a 
horizontal  direction,  for  the  purpose  of  ascertaining 
how  long  a  stream  each  company  could  throw  by 
means  of  its  engine.  Each  company  began  the  trial 
by  throwing  horizontally,  through  the  whole  length 
of  the  hose ;  and  subsequently  filled  the  tank  with 
water  through  the  same  hose  by  a  change  of  adjust- 
ment. In  the  case  of  each  engine  the  horizontal  dis- 
tance was  measured,  and  the  time  occupied  in  filling 
the  tank  noted. 

The  first  prize,  a  beautiful  silver  trumpet,  valued  at 
two  hundred  and  fifty  dollars,  the  property  of  the  city, 
was  to  be  awarded  to  the  company  who  should  fill  the 
tank  in  the  shortest  space  of  time,  through  the  three 
hundred  feet  of  hose,  and  a  pipe  of  one  and  a  half  inch 
bore,  at  the  same  time  drawing  water  from  the  pond. 

The  second  prize  was  also  a  silver  trumpet,  and  was 
to  be  awarded  to  the  engine  company  that  should 
throw  the  greatest  distance  horizontally,  through  two 
hundred  and  fifty  feet  of  hose,  and  through  such 
a  pipe  as  should  be  selected  by  the  Chief  Engineer 
of  the  Boston  Fire  Department. 

The  following  persons  served  as  judges  in  the  trial 
of  the  engines :  —  Captains  James  Quinn,  John  C.  Hub- 


CLOSE    OF   THE   FESTIVAL.  309 

bard,  George  S.  Thorn,  of  Boston,  and  Samuel  F.  Train, 
Chief  Engineer  of  Roxbury. 

The  following  table  exhibits  the  results  of  this  trial ; 
namely,  the  distances  which  the  water  was  horizontally 
thrown,  and  the  time  of  filling  the  tank  by  the  several 
engine  companies : 

DISTANCE.  TIME. 

1st.  Boston,  No.    8,  150  feet,  11  min.  45  sec. 

2d.  Tiger,  No.    7,  170  "  11  " 

3d.  Eagle,  No.    3,  175  "  11  " 

4th.  Perkins,  No.    2,  153  "  11  " 

5th.  Extinguisher,  No.    5,  180  "  11  " 

6th.  Maverick,  No.    9,  148  "  11  "  42  " 

7th.  Barnicoat,  No.  11,  145  "  11  "  15  " 

8th.  Mazeppa,  No.    1,  153  "  11  "  26  " 

9th.  Melvill,  No.    6,  140  "  11  "  55  " 

10th.  Dunbar,  No.  10,  155  "  11  "  5  " 

llth.  Cataract,  No.    4,  163  "  11  "  50  " 

12th.  Tremont,  No.  12,  135  "  11  "  49  " 

The  first  prize  was  obtained  by  the  Eagle  Engine 
Company,  who  will  retain  the  city  trumpet  for  one 
year,  or  until  they  are  beaten  in  a  subsequent  annual 
trial  by  some  other  company. 

The  second  prize  was  awarded  to  the  Extinguisher 
Engine  Company. 

The  Hydrant  Companies  also  contended  for  two 
prizes  :  — The  first,  a  silver  trumpet,  which  was  to  be 
awarded  to  the  company  who  should  in  the  shortest 
space  of  time,  start  from  the  corner  of  Tremont  and 
Boylston  Street,  with  their  carriage,  and  run  through 


310  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Charles  Street,  to  the  hydrant  at  the  corner  of  Bea- 
con and  Charles  Streets,  attach  their  hose,  run  out 
five  hundred  feet  thereof,  and  discharge  water  through 
their  pipe.  The  second  prize,  a  silver  trumpet,  was 
to  be  awarded  to  the  company  who  should  perform 
the  above  duty  in  the  next  shortest  time. 

For  this  trial,  Messrs.  John  R  Mullin  and  Alvin 
Vinal,  of  Boston,  E.  A.  Costigan,  Assistant  Engineer  of 
Charlestown,  and  David  A.  Tucker,  were  appointed 
judges. 

The  result  of  the  trial,  which  took  place  at  about 
five  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  was  as  follows : 

TIME. 

1st.  Washington,  No.  1,  3  min.  40  sec. 

2d.  Union,  No.  2,  3     "  40    " 

3d.  Franklin,  No.  3,  3  "  55     " 

4th.  Suffolk,  No.  5,  4  "  00    " 

5th.  Deluge,  No.  6,  3  "  45    " 

The  first  prize  was  awarded  to  Washington  Hydrant 
Company,  and  the  second  to  Union  Hydrant  Com- 
pany. 

This  portion  of  the  day's  performance  was  witnessed 
with  much  interest,  and  in  some  cases  with  excessive 
enthusiasm,  and  was  productive  of  much  amusement, 
and  gave  great  satisfaction  to  those  Avho  were  able  to 
behold  this  grand  display,  and  unexampled  exhibition 
of  the  skill,  energy  and  perseverance  of  the  unrivalled 
fire  department  of  Boston. 


CLOSE    OF    THE    FESTIVAL.  311 

After  the  awards  were  made  the  various  companies 
put  up  their  apparatus  and  spent  the  remaining  part  of 
the  evening  in  social  and  complimentary  entertain- 
ments. 

ILLUMINATIONS. 

In  some  places  the  illuminations  during  the  evening 
were  remarkably  effective.  This  was  especially  true  in 
regard  to  the  City  Hall,  which  was  prepared  for  this 
purpose  with  gas  pipes  and  innumerable  jets  and 
burners,  extending  over  the  whole  front  of  the  build- 
ing. The  main  front  was  lighted  with  jets  of  fire  in 
the  form  of  a  square,  in  the  top  of  which  was  placed, 
in  large  letters,  "September  17;"  beneath  this  the 
name  of  Franklin  was  apparent  on  an  arch,  and  a  star 
placed  at  each  end.  In  the  centre  of  the  arch  were 
masonic  symbols,  the  square  and  compasses,  and  under 
these  "  1856."  The  other  wings  of  the  building  were 
illuminated  in  a  similar  manner,  with  stars  and  repre- 
sentations of  oak  leaves  in  the  centre  of  each  square. 
The  building  presented  a  beautiful  and  brilliant  appear- 
ance, and  attracted  a  large  number  of  delighted  specta- 
tors. The  same  show  was  made  several  evenings;  and 
with  the  excellent  music  which  was  provided  by  the 
city,  afforded  much  pleasure  to  a  large  number  of  indi- 
viduals. 

Many  of  the  houses  in  Dover  Street  were  hand- 
somely illuminated,  and  with  the  magnificent  decora- 


312  FRANKLTN   STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

lions,  which  have  already  been  described,  and  the 
instrumental  music  which  was  most  liberally  provided, 
reflected  great  credit  upon  the  patriotic  residents  of 
that  street,  who  have  so  often  made  similar  displays  on 
like  occasions. 

Fireworks,  on  a  most  extensive  scale,  were  exhibited 
by  Messrs.  Sanderson  &  Lanergan  at  the  agricultural 
grounds  at  the  south  part  of  the  city;  among  which 
was  an  ideal  representation  of  the  storming  and  de- 
struction of  Sebastopol  by  the  allied  armies. 

ENTERTAINMENTS. 

Throughout  the  day  and  evening  very  many  of  the 
public  spirited  citizens  of  Boston  kept  open  houses  for 
the  reception  of  friends,  and  for  the  entertainment  of 
those  who  had  taken  part  in  the  various  proceedings 
of  the  day.  The  numerous  associations  and  delega- 
tions, in  general,  assembled  at  different  places,  and 
passed  the  remaining  hours  of  the  day  in  friendly 
intercourse  and  rational  enjoyments. 

Previous  to  the  formation  of  the  procession,  the  aids 
and  assistant  marshals  met  in  Boylston  Street,  at  the 
house  of  Col.  Thompson,  the  Chief  Marshal,  and  there 
partook  of  a  breakfast  provided  by  the  generous  host ; 
after  which  they  proceeded  on  horseback,  in  grand 
array,  to  head  quarters,  and  thence  to  their  appointed 
places  of  duty. 


CLOSE    OF   THE   FESTIVAL.  313 

The  Chief  Marshal  and  his  numerous  aids  and 
assistants,  together  with  those  who  had  been  particu- 
larly active  throughout  the  day  in  carrying  out  the 
arrangements  of  the  Committee,  had  a  repast  and 
social  reunion  at  the  Tremont  House,  where  they  en- 
joyed themselves  in  a  becoming  manner,  after  the 
completion  of  their  arduous  and  fatiguing  duties. 

The  Knights  Templars  belonging  to  the  two  En- 
campments in  Boston  gave  a  magnificent  banquet  in 
Horticultural  Hall,  to  the  Grand  Lodge,  and  to  the  dis- 
tinguished members  of  the  fraternity  from  various 
parts  of  the  United  States  who  had  visited  them  for 
the  purpose  of  being  present  at  the  ceremonies  of 
inauguration. 

By  invitation  of  Hon.  George  W.  Crockett,  a  colla- 
tion was  given  at  his  house  in  Pemberton  Square  to 
the  Franklin  medal  scholars,  at  which  many  distin- 
guished citizens  were  present  partaking  of  the  liberality 
of  their  host,  and  recurring  with  much  pleasure  to  the 
early  associations  of  their  youth,  when  they  received 
rewards  as  well  as  instruction  from  the  public  schools 
through  the  enlightened  liberality  of  Franklin. 

The  operatives  of  the  Ames  Manufacturing  Com- 
pany, from  Chicopee,  were  entertained  in  Chapman 
Hall,  and  they  visited  the  Boston  Theatre  in  the  even- 
ing by  invitation  of  Mr.  Thomas  Barry,  the  lessee. 

The  City  Government  of  Salem  partook  of  a  sump- 
tuous dinner  at  the  Kevere  House,  as  did,  at  different 

40 


314  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

places,  other  municipal  delegations,  who  visited  Boston 
on  this  occasion. 

Among  the  military  and  fire  companies  the  social 
entertainments  on  the  evening  of  the  seventeenth  of 
September  were  very  numerous,  and  of  a  highly  agree- 
able character. 

All  the  places  of  amusement  were  thronged  in  the 
evening,  especially  the  museum  and  theatres,  which 
were  crowded  to  excess  by  the  sight-seeing  visitors 
from  abroad. 


Thus  happily  terminated  the  greatest  pageant  and  most 
brilliant  fete  ever  witnessed  within  the  city  of  Boston, 
nothing  having  transpired  that  was  in  any  degree 
unfavorable  to  the  undertaking.  The  day  was  of  itself 
one  of  the  most  charming  of  the  season,  the  weather 
being  as  mild  and  delightful  as  could  have  been  desired. 
On  the  morning  of  the  seventeenth  of  September,  at 
sunrise,  the  sky  was  extremely  clear  and  exceedingly 
fine,  the  barometer  indicating  the  weight  of  the  atmos- 
phere standing  at  30.14;  but  during  the  middle  of  the 
day  it  was  somewhat  cloudy,  and  at  night  completely 
so ;  yet  the  temperature  was  very  agreeable  through- 
out the  whole  of  the  day.  A  gentle  wind  from  north- 
north-west  to  south-west  in  the  forenoon,  and  from 
south-west  to  south-south-wyest  in  the  afternoon  and 


CLOSE    OF    THE    FESTIVAL.  315 

evening  added  much  to  the  comfort  experienced  by 
every  one.  At  sunrise  the  thermometer  stood  at  50£ 
degrees,  at  half  past  two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  at 
75 £  degrees,  and  at  nine  o'clock  in  the  evening  at  63  i 
degrees.  The  number  of  spectators  was  immense, 
good  humor  everywhere  prevailing;  the  arrangements 
were  most  admirably  and  perfectly  made  and  carried 
out;  the  exercises  and  ceremonies  were  such  as  to 
excite  the  greatest  degree  of  interest,  which  was  amply 
gratified;  the  procession  and  decorations  were  in  a 
high  degree  imposing;  and  the  final  results  were  of 
the  most  pleasing  and  satisfactory  character.  Perhaps 
never  before  was  there  a  greater  combination  of  favor- 
able circumstances  than  were  apparent  throughout  the 
whole  affair;  and  certainly,  the  event  will  ever  be 
recurred  to  by  those  who  were  favored  with  witnessing 
it,  with  a  most  pleasant  and  agreeable  retrospect. 

As  the  day  commenced  with  the  loud  pealing  of 
church  bells,  and  the  stunning  noise  of  heavy  artillery 
so  was  it  brought  to  a  close  in  the  same  holiday  man- 
ner, according  to  good  old  New  England  custom. 

To  the  Committee  of  Arrangements,  and  to  tho 
Chief  Marshal  of  the  procession,  too  much  praise  can 
not  be  awarded  for  the  very  felicitous  conception  and 
execution  of  the  plan  by  which  the  whole  affair  was 
so  triumphantly  achieved. 


FINAL    PROCEEDINGS. 


FINAL   PKOCEEDINGS. 


PROCEEDINGS   OF   THE   CITY   COUNCIL. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Aldermen,  held  at  City 
Hall,  on  Monday,  the  twenty-ninth  day  of  September, 
AD.  1856,  the  following  resolutions,  offered  by  Alder- 
man Joseph  M.  Wightman,  were  unanimously  passed, 
and  were  subsequently  concurred  in  by  the  Common 
Council,  and  approved  by  His  Honor  the  Mayor. 

Eesolved,  —  That  the  Committee  of  Arrangements 
express  the  thanks  of  the  City  Council  to  Hon.  EGBERT 
C.  WINTHROP,  FREDERIC  W.  LINCOLN,  Jr.,  Esq.,  and  his 
Honor  the  Mayor,  for  their  eloquent  addresses  on  the 
occasion  of  the  inauguration  of  the  statue  of  Benjamin 
Franklin  on  the  seventeenth  instant,  and  request  copies 
of  the  same  for  publication. 

Resolved,  —  That  the  thanks  of  the  City  Council  be 
presented  to  JAMES  T.  FIELDS,  Esq.,  for  his  appropriate 
and  highly  acceptable  ode ;  and  to  the  reverend  gentle- 
men who  officiated  at  the  ceremony  of  the  inauguration. 


320  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

Resolved,  —  That  the  thanks  of  the  City  Govern- 
ment be  presented  to  the  Chief  Marshal,  Col.  NEWELL 
A.  THOMPSON,  his  aids  and  assistant  marshals  for  the 
able  and  efficient  manner  in  which  their  duties  were 
performed  on  the  seventeenth  instant. 

Resolved,  —  That  the  thanks  of  the  City  Govern- 
ment be  tendered  to  Brigadier  General  ANDREWS,  the 
officers  and  troops  of  the  First  Brigade,  First  Division, 
Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  and  to  the  Ancient 
and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  for  the  gratifying 
manner  in  which  the  escort  duty  was  performed  on 
that  occasion. 

Resolved,  —  That  the  thanks  of  the  City  Govern- 
ment be  presented  to  the  representatives  of  the  Me- 
chanical Trades  of  Boston, — to  the  Masonic  Fraternity, 
—  to  the  Medal  Scholars,  —  to  the  several  Scientific, 
Philanthropic,  and  Literary  Associations,  —  to  the  Fire 
Department,  —  and  to  Professor  CHARLES  BUTLER  and 
the  pupils  of  the  public  schools,  to  whom  the  City 
Government  are  so  much  indebted  for  their  aid  in 
doing  honor  to  the  memory  of  Franklin  in  the  city  of 
his  birth. 

Resolved,  —  That  the  Committee  of  Arrangements, 
in  conjunction  with  the  Committee  on  the  Franklin 
Statue,  be  requested  to  prepare  a  historical  statement 
of  the  proceedings  connected  with  the  erection  of  the 
statue,  and  cause  such  number  of  copies  to  be  printed 
as  they  may  deem  expedient. 


FINAL   PROCEEDINGS.  321 


PROCEEDINGS    OF   THE    COMMITTEE    OF    ARRANGEMENTS. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Committee  of  Arrangements  of 
the  City  Council  on  the  inauguration  of  the  statue  of 
Franklin,  in  conjunction  with  a  sub-committee  who  rep- 
resented the  Committee  of  Fifty  that  procured  the 
statue,  held  on  the  third  day  of  November,  AD.  1856, 
on  motion  of  William  Parkman,  Esq.,  it  was 

Voted,— That  Nathaniel  B.  Shurtleff,  M.D.,  be  in- 
vited to  compile  and  prepare  a  complete,  and  full 
historical  account  of  the  Franklin  Statue,  together  with 
the  account  of  the  inaugural  ceremonies. 

Voted,  —  That  Mayor  Rice,  Alderman  Brewster,  and 
Hon.  Robert  C.  Winthrop,  be  a  committee  with  full 
powers  to  procure  a  suitable  plate  to  embellish  the 
account  of  the  celebration  of  the  inauguration  of  the 
Franklin  Statue,  and  they  be  authorized  to  superintend 
the  printing  of  the  historical  account  of  said  cere- 
monies. 

PRESENTATION    TO    THE    CHIEF   MARSHAL. 

The  aids  and  assistant  marshals,  impressed  with  a 
grateful  sense  of  the  successful  manner  in  which  the 
procession  in  honor  of  Franklin  was  conducted  on  the 
seventeenth  of  September,  and  as  a  mark  of  esteem 
for  their  energetic  and  efficient  Chief  Marshal,  and  also 
as  a  memento  of  the  event,  on  the  thirteenth  day  of 
February,  AD.  1857,  presented  to  Colonel  Thompson 

41 


322  FRANKLIN    STATUE   MEMORIAL. 

an  elegant  miniature  statue  of  Franklin,  carefully  re- 
duced to  a  proper  size,  and  skillfully  executed  in  pure 
silver. 

The  silver  statue  is  about  seven  and  a  half  inches 
in  height,  and  the  pedestal,  formed  of  the  same  mate- 
rial, nine  and  a  half  inches.  In  addition  to  copies  of 
the  inscriptions  which  appear  on  the  original  stone 
pedestal,  the  following  is  engraved  on  the  base :  — 

"  This  fac  simile  of  the  statue  of  Franklin,  which  was 
inaugurated  on  the  17th  September,  1856,  is  presented 
to  NEWELL  A.  THOMPSON,  Chief  Marshal  on  that  occa- 
sion, as  a  token  of  regard  and  commemoration  of  that 
event,  by  his  aids  and  assistant  marshals  whose  auto- 
graphs are  borne  upon  the  certificate  which  accompa- 
nies this  testimonial." 

The  certificate  alluded  to  above,  most  admirably 
engrossed  on  parchment,  bears  the  autograph  signa- 
tures of  the  gentlemen  who  joined  in  the  presentation, 
and  is  mounted  in  a  very  magnificent  and  costly  frame. 
The  following  is  an  exact  copy  of  the  words  without 
the  signatures :  — 

"  Thompson  Testimonial.  The  aids  and  assistant 
marshals  of  Col.  Newell  A.  Thompson,  Chief  Marshal  at 
the  inauguration  of  the  statue  of  Franklin,  at  Boston, 
September  17th,  1856,  present  him  the  accompanying 


FINAL    PROCEEDINGS.  323 

fac  simile  of  the  statue  as  a  token  of  their  regard,  and 
in  remembrance  of  the  occasion." 

On  the  evening  of  the  presentation,  Col.  Thompson 
received  at  his  house  the  generous  donors  and  others 
who  had  taken  a  conspicuous  part  in  the  great  festival, 
where  they  were  entertained  in  his  usual  liberal,  ele- 
gant and  courteous  manner. 


APPENDIX. 


APPENDIX. 


HISTORY    OF    THE    STATUE    OF    FRANKLIN. 

In  the  autumn  of  1853,  a  course  of  lectures  on  the  appli- 
cation of  Science  to  Art  was  arranged  under  the  direction  of 
the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association,  and  the 
Honorable  Robert  C.  Winthrop,  by  invitation,  delivered  the 
introductory  lecture  on  the  evening  of  the  twenty-ninth  of 
November.  From  this  lecture,  which  was  published,  soon  after 
its  delivery,  under  the  title  of  "  Archimedes  and  Franklin," 
the  following  passages  are  taken,  and  in  them  is  found  the 
original  suggestion  of  the  movement,  of  which  the  completion 
was  witnessed  on  the  seventeenth  of  September,  1856. 
Mr.  Winthrop  commenced  his  lecture  as  follows :  — 

A  charming  story  which  has  come  down  to  us  in  reference  to  the 
great  orator,  philosopher  and  patriot  of  ancient  Rome,  and  which  he  has 
not  thought  it  unworthy  to  tell  briefly  of  himself,  in  one  of  his  Tusculan 
Disputations,  may  form  a  not  inappropriate  introduction  to  the  lecture 
which  I  am  here  this  evening  to  deliver. 

While  Cicero  was  quaestor  in  Sicily,  —  the  first  public  office  which  he 
ever  held,  and  the  only  one  to  which  he  was  then  eligible,  being  but  just 
thirty  years  old,  (for  the  Roman  laws  required  for  one  of  the  humblest 
of  the  great  offices  of  state  the  very  same  age  which  our  American  consti- 
tution requires  for  one  of  the  highest,)  —  he  paid  a  visit  to  Syracuse, 
then  among  the  greatest  cities  of  the  world. 

The  magistrates  of  the  city,  of  course,  waited  on  him  at  once,  to  offer 
their  services  in  showing  him  the  lions  of  the  place,  and  requested  him  to 


OZ5  APPENDIX. 

specify  anything  which  he  would  like  particularly  to  see.  Doubtless, 
they  supposed  that  he  would  ask  immediately  to  be  conducted  to  some 
one  of  their  magnificent  temples,  that  he  might  behold  and  admire  those 
splendid  works  of  art  with  which  —  notwithstanding  that  Marcellus  had 
made  it  his  glory  to  carry  not  a  few  of  them  away  with  him  for  the  deco- 
ration of  the  imperial  city  —  Syracuse  still  abounded,  and  which  soon 
after  tempted  the  cupidity,  and  fell  a  prey  to  the  rapacity,  of  the  infa- 
mous Verres. 

Or,  haply,  they  may  have  thought  that  he  would  be  curious  to  see  and 
examine  the  ear  of  Dionysius,  as  it  was  called,  —  a  huge  cavern,  cut  out 
of  the  solid  rock  in  the  shape  of  a  human  ear,  two  hundred  and  fifty  feet 
long  and  eighty  feet  high,  in  which  that  execrable  tyrant  confined  all 
persons  who  came  within  the  range  of  his  suspicion,  —  and  which  was  so 
ingeniously  contrived  and  constructed,  that  Dionysius,  by  applying  his 
own  ear  to  a  small  hole,  where  the  sounds  were  collected  as  upon  a  tym- 
panum, could  catch  every  syllable  that  was  uttered  in  the  cavern  below, 
and  could  deal  out  his  proscription  and  his  vengeance  accordingly,  upon 
all  who  might  dare  to  dispute  his  authority  or  to  complain  of  his  cruelty. 

Or  they  may  have  imagined,  perhaps,  that  he  would  be  impatient  to 
visit  at  once  the  sacred  fountain  of  Arethusa,  and  the  seat  of  those 
Sicilian  muses  whom  Virgil  so  soon  after  invoked  in  commencing  that 
most  inspired  of  all  uninspired  compositions,  which  Pope  has  so  nobly 
paraphrased  in  his  glowing  and  glorious  eclogue  —  the  Messiah. 

To  their  great  astonishment,  however,  Cicero's  first  request  was,  that 
they  would  take  him  to  see  the  tomb  of  Archimedes.  To  his  own  still 
greater  astonishment,  as  we  may  well  believe,  they  told  him  in  reply,  that 
they  knew  nothing  about  the  tomb  of  Archimedes,  and  had  no  idea  where 
it  was  to  be  found,  and  they  even  positively  denied  that  any  such  tomb 
was  still  remaining  among  them. 

But  Cicero  understood  perfectly  well  what  he  was  talking  about.  He 
remembered  the  exact  description  of  the  tomb.  He  remembered  the  very 
verses  which  had  been  inscribed  on  it.  He  remembered  the  sphere  and 
the  cylinder  which  Archimedes  had  himself  requested  to  have  wrought 
upon  it,  as  the  chosen  emblems  of  his  eventful  life.  And  the  great 
orator  forthwith  resolved  to  make  search  for  it  himself. 

Accordingly,  he  rambled  out  into  the  place  of  their  ancient  sepulchres, 
and,  after  a  careful  investigation,  he  came  at  last  to  a  spot  overgrown 
with  shrubs  and  bushes,  where  presently  he  descried  the  top  of  a  small 
solurnn  just  rising  above  the  branches.  Upon  this  little  column  the 


HISTORY    OF   THE   STATUE.  329 

sphere  and  the  cylinder  were  at  length  found  carved,  the  inscription  was 
painfully  decyphered,  and  the  tomb  of  Archimedes  stood  revealed  to  the 
reverent  homage  of  the  illustrious  Roman  quaestor. 

This  was  in  the  year  76  before  the  birth  of  our  Saviour.  Archimedes 
died  about  the  year  212  before  Christ.  One  hundred  and  thirty-six 
years,  only,  had  thus  elapsed  since  the  death  of  this  celebrated  person, 
before  his  tombstone  was  buried  up  beneath  briars  and  brambles,  and 
before  the  place  and  even  the  existence  of  it  were  forgotten,  by  the 
magistrates  of  the  very  city  of  which  he  was  so  long  the  proudest  orna- 
ment in  peace  and  the  most  effective  defender  in  war. 

What  a  lesson  to  human  pride,  what  a  commentary  on  human  grati- 
tude, was  here  !  It  is  an  incident  almost  precisely  like  that  which  the 
admirable  and  venerable  Dr.  Watts  imagined  or  imitated,  as  the  topic  of 
one  of  his  most  striking  and  familiar  lyrics :  — 

"  Theron,  amongst  his  travels,  found 

A  broken  statue  on  the  ground; 

And  searching  onward  as  he  went, 

He  traced  a  ruined  monument. 

Mould,  moss,  and  shades  had  overgrown 

The  sculpture  of  the  crumbling  stone, 

Yet  ere  he  passed,  with  much  ado, 

He  guessed,  and  spelled  out,  Sci-pi-o. 
'Enough,'  he  cried;  'I'll  drudge  no  m<>re 

In  turning  the  dull  stoics  o'er^ 

*  *  *  * 

For  when  I  feel  my  virtue  fail, 

And  my  ambitious  thoughts  prevail, 

I'll  take  a  turn  among  the  tombs, 

And  see  whereto  all  glory  comes.' " 

I  do  not  learn,  however,  that  Cicero  was  cured  of  his  eager  vanity  and 
his  insatiate  love  of  fame  by  this  "  turn  "  among  the  Syracusan  tombs. 
He  was  then  only  just  at  the  threshold  of  his  proud  career,  and  he  went 
back  to  pursue  it  to  its  bloody  end,  with  unabated  zeal,  and  with  an  am- 
bition only  extinguishable  with  his  life. 

And  after  all,  how  richly,  how  surpassingly,  was  this  local  ingratitude 
and  neglect  made  up  to  the  memory  of  Archimedes  himself,  by  the  oppor- 
tunity which  it  afforded  to  the  greatest  orator  of  the  greatest  empire  of 
antiquity,  to  signalize  his  appreciation  and  his  admiration  of  that  wonder- 
ful genius,  by  going  out  personally  into  the  ancient  graveyards  of  Syra- 
cuse, and  with  the  robes  of  office  in  their  newest  gloss  around  him,  to 

42 


330  APPENDIX. 

search  for  his  tomb  and  to  do  honor  to  his  ashes  !  The  greatest  orator  of 
imperial  Rome  anticipating  the  part  of  Old  Mortality  upon  the  grave- 
stone of  the  .  great  mathematician  and  mechanic  of  antiquity  !  This, 
surely,  is  a  picture  for  mechanics  in  all  ages  to  contemplate,  with  a  proud 
satisfaction  and  delight. 

Mr.  Winthrop  then  proceeded  to  give  a  detailed  account 
of  the  career  and  character  of  Archimedes,  after  which  lie  con- 
tinued as  follows :  — 

I  may  not  prolong  this  discourse  by  dwelling  upon  that  long  series  of 
discoverers  and  inventors  and  men  of  science  and  mechanics,  in  the  old 
world  or  in  the  new,  by  whom  the  practical  and  useful  arts  have  been 
advanced  to  their  present  state  of  perfection.  Our  own  land  has  had  its 
full  share  of  them.  Their  names  are  known  to  you  by  heart.  Some  of 
them  have  lived,  some  of  them  are  yet  living,  among  us. 

But  there  is  time  enough  still  left  to  me,  I  am  sure,  to  allude  briefly 
to  at  least  one  of  them,  long  since  dead, —  who,  if  wide  distinctions  and 
differences  in  his  condition  and  pursuits,  forbid  me  from  calling  him  the 
American  Archimedes,  may  well  be  compared  with  that  wonderful  man  in 
the  services  which  he  rendered  to  art,  to  science,  and  to  his  country,  — 
and  whose  memory,  at  this  moment,  has  at  least  one  thing  in  common 
with  that  of  the  great  Syracusan,  which,  I  trust,  for  the  honor  of  his 
native  country,  and  his  native  city,  will  not  be  of  much  longer  con- 
tinuance. 

If  any  of  you,  my  friends,  as  you  happen  to  be  passing  down  Hanover 
street,  in  this  good  city  of  Boston,  on  some  pleasant  morning,  will  pause 
for  a  moment  on  the  sidewalk  of  the  First  Baptist  Church,  and  cast  your 
eyes  over  to  the  right  hand  side  of  the  street,  you  will  perceive,  sus- 
pended from  a  sort  of  crane,  smaller,  but  perhaps  not  altogether  unlike 
those  which  Archimedes  thrust  out  from  the  walls  of  Syracuse  to  swamp 
the  Roman  ships,  and  projecting  from  the  building  which  forms  the  upper 
corner  of  Hanover  and  Union  streets,  —  a  building  in  which  may  be 
found  India  rubbers  on  the  lower  story  and  daguerreotypes  up  stairs,  (two 
articles  which  were  utterly  unknown  to  commerce  or  to  art  in  the  days  to 
which  I  am  about  to  allude)  — you  will  perceive,  I  say,  —  a  wooden  ball, 
about  as  large  as  a  good-sized  cocoa  nut  or  a  small-sized  water  melon ;  and 
upon  this  ball,  from  which  a  part  of  the  gilding  has  been  already  cracked 
and  from  which  the  rest  seems  rapidly  peeling,  you  may  discern,  without 


HISTORY    OF    THE    STATUE.  331 

difficulty,  the  date  of  1698,  legibly  inscribed  on  both  sides  of  it.  How 
this  precise  date  came  there,  it  is  not  easy  to  tell ;  at  least,  I  have  never 
met  with  the  explanation.  Perhaps,  as  Mr.  Sparks  suggests,  the  date  only 
indicates  the  period  when  the  ball  was  made  and  adopted  as  a  sign.  But 
there  is  another  inscription  on  the  ball,  and  there  are  other  well  authenti- 
cated circumstances  associated  with  it,  which  render  it  one  of  the  most 
precious  memorials,  —  which  ought,  certainly,  to  render  it  one  of  the 
most  cherished  relics,  —  of  our  city  in  the  olden  time. 

There,  in  the  year  1716,  might  have  been  seen  a  precocious  and 
rather  roguish  boy,  of  about  ten  years  of  age,  unwillingly  but  diligently 
employed  in  cutting  wicks  and  filling  moulds'  for  the  commoner  sort  of 
candles,  —  a  humble  occupation  enough,  but  one  not  a  little  significant  of 
the  light  which  he  was  himself  about  to  shed  upon  his  country  and  upon 
mankind  in  after  years.  Born  in  Boston,  on  the  sixth  day  of  January,  old 
style,  or  the  seventeenth  of  January,  as  we  now  call  it,  in  the  year  1706, 
in  an  old-fashioned  gable-end  house  near  the  head  of  Milk  Street,  oppo- 
site the  Old  South  Church,  in  which  he  was  christened  the  very  same 
morning,  —  born  in  that  well-remembered  mansion,  which,  were  it  still 
standing,  would  be  visited  one  of  these  days,  if  not  now,  with  hardly  less 
interest  than  that  with  which  pilgrims  from  every  land  are  found  flocking 
to  the  humble  birth-place  of  the  great  British  bard  at  Stratford-upon- 
Avon,  —  the  son  of  poor,  but  honest,  industrious  and  pious  parents,  and 
having  only  been  permitted  to  enjoy  two  years  of  schooling,  one  of  them 
at  the  common  grammar  school  of  the  town,  and  the  other  at  a  private 
school  for  writing  and  arithmetic,  the  little  fellow  had  been  taken  away 
thus  early  from  his  books  and  his  play,  to  help  along  his  father  in  his 
business,  —  which  was  that  of  a  tallow-chandler  and  soap-boiler.  And 
that  father's  name  may  still  be  decyphered  beneath  the  torn  and  tarnished 
gilding  on  the  ball  to  which  I  have  alluded.  Tradition  tells  us  that  it 
was  originally  a  blue  ball,  and  that  it  was  at  one  time  the  sign  of  a  public 
house. 

At  the  sign  of  the  blue  ball,  that  boy  remained  assisting  his  father  for 
two  years,  and  there  was  every  appearance  that  he  was  destined  for  a 
tallow-chandler  himself.  But  there  was  that  in  his  nature  which  could 
not  be  content  with  the  daily  drudgery  of  this  somewhat  unsavory  calling. 
There  was  that  within  him  which  seemed  to  whisper  in  his  youthful  ear, 
as  Archimedes  declared  aloud  in  his  maturer  manhood,  that  if  he  could 
only  find  a  place  to  stand  upon,  he,  too,  could  move  the  world.  And 
this  dissatisfaction  with  his  condition  at  length  manifested  itself  so  dis- 


332  APPENDIX. 

tinctly,  and  in  so  many  ways,  that  his  father  had  good  cause  to  apprehend 
that  if  a  more  agreeable  and  congenial  occupation  were  not  soon  provided 
for  him,  he  would  break  loose  from  parental  control  and  go  off  to  sea,  as 
one  of  his  brothers  had  done  before  him. 

And  so,  he  was  next  destined  by  his  well-meaning  parents  for  a 
cutler's  trade,  and  his  wits  were  to  be  employed  in  making  edge-tools  for 
others,  in  order  to  prevent  him  from  doing  what  young  America,  I 
believe,  sometimes  calls  "cutting  stick"  himself.  But  fortunately,  per- 
haps, for  all  concerned,  the  fee  demanded  for  an  apprenticeship  in  that 
craft  was  too  considerable  for  his  father's  purse,  and  the  cutler's  trade  was 
never  entered  upon. 

An  occupation,  which  in  its  incidental  opportunities  and  advantages, 
at  least,  was  better  suited  to  his  peculiar  taste  and  talents,  at  last  offered 
itself ;  and  he  may  now  be  seen  regularly  indented  and  bound  over  as  a 
printer's  apprentice  till  he  should  be  twenty-one  years  of  age,  with  what 
was  doubtless  deemed  a  most  important  and  liberal  stipulation  in  the 
covenant,  —  that  for  the  last  year  of  the  term  he  should  be  allowed  jour- 
neyman's wages.  No  doubt,  he  was  the  envy  of  all  the  young  appren- 
tices in  his  neighborhood,  and  considered  as  made  for  life,  with  such  a 
rich  remuneration  in  prospect.  Under  that  indenture  he  remained  steady 
and  diligent  for  five  years  out  of  the  nine  which  it  covered,  —  working 
hard  at  the  press  during  the  day,  and  making  the  most  of  the  leisure 
hours  of  the  evening,  and  of  the  later  hours  of  the  night,  too,  in  im- 
proving his  handwriting,  in  practising  composition,  and  in  reading  the 
books  which  accident  brought  within  his  reach,  —  and,  fortunately  for 
him  and  for  us  all,  these  were  among  the  very  best  books  which  the 
world  afforded  —  Plutarch,  Bunyan,  Defoe,  and  Addison. 

But  the  yearning  for  a  wider  sphere  could  only  be  temporarily 
repressed  by  a  condition  like  this;  and,  indeed,  it  was  daily  acquiring 
fresh  impulse  and  increased  energy  from  the  very  circumstances  by  which 
he  was  surrounded.  The  very  last  thing  in  the  world  for  taming  down 
a  quick,  earnest,  inquiring  and  ambitious  mind,  conscious  of  its  own 
power  and  its  own  superiority,  —  conscious,  too,  that  its  godlike  capabili- 
ties were  never  meant  to  rust  away  unused,  —  the  very  last  way  in  the 
world  for  reducing  such  a  mind  as  this  into  subjection  to  the  discipline 
and  drudgery  of  an  indented  apprenticeship,  is  to  bring  it  into  acquaint- 
ance and  contact  with  that  mighty  mechanical  engine,  by  which,  more 
than  by  any  other  which  has  ever  yet  been  known,  either  to  ancient  or  to 
modern  art,  the  old  idea  of  Archimedes  has  been  fulfilled  and  the  world 


HISTORY    OF   THE    STATUE.  333 

moved.  If  such  a  mind  is  to  be  kept  under,  let  it  busy  itself  with  any 
other  mystery  beneath  the  sun,  rather  than  with  the  mystery  of  the  com- 
posing stick,  more  especially  when  it  is  employed  in  the  service  of  a 
newspaper.  There  is  an  atmosphere  in  a  printer's  office  which,  somehow 
or  other,  puts  notions  into  boys'  heads,  and  into  men's  heads,  too,  —  an 
atmosphere  which  is  very  apt  to  make  quick  blood  run  quicker,  and  im- 
pulsive hearts  beat  higher,  and  active  brains  work  harder,  until  those  who 
were  only  indented  to  set  up  types  for  other  people's  thoughts,  are  sud- 
denly found  insisting  on  having  other  people  to  set  up  types  for  their  own 
thoughts.  So  it  has  been,  certainly,  with  more  than  one  of  your  own 
most  distinguished  members,  Mr.  President,  —  your  Russell,  your  Arm- 
strong, and  your  Buckingham,  the  latter  of  whom  has  recently  added  a 
new  claim  to  your  regard,  and  to  the  regard  of  the  community,  by  the 
preparation  of  an  elaborate  and  excellent  history  of  your  Association. 

And  so,  certainly,  it  was  with  our  young  Boston  printer's  boy  of 
1718,  whom  not  even  journeyman's  wages  for  the  ninth  year  could  tempt 
to  serve  out  his  tune  in  mere  type  setting,  and  who  even  before  the  fifth 
year  was  fairly  ended,  availed  himself  of  a  tempting  opportunity  once 
more  to  assert  his  freedom,  fled  from  his  employer  and  family  and  native 
town,  and  who  might  have  been  seen,  sometime  in  the  year  1723,  leaping 
ashore  from  on  board  of  a  little  sloop  at  New  York,  a  lad  of  only  seven- 
teen years  old,  without  the  least  knowledge  of  any  person  in  the  place, 
and  with  very  little  money  in  his  pocket.  A  few  days  afterwards  he  is 
found  buying  threepence  worth  of  rolls  out  of  a  baker's  shop  in  Phila- 
delphia, and  paying  for  them  out  of  his  last  dollar,  eating  one  of  them 
himself  from  very  hunger  as  he  walked  along  Chestnut  Street,  and  wash- 
ing it  down  with  a  draft  of  river  water,  giving  the  others  to  a  poor  woman 
and  child  whom  he  had  met  along  the  road,  and  at  last  finding  his  way 
into  a  Quaker  meeting-house,  and  there  falling  asleep  from  utter  fatigue 
and  exhaustion;  —  a  runaway  apprentice,  who  might -have  been  seized 
under  the  fugitive  act,  if  such  an  act  had  existed  in  those  days ! 

Thus  ended  the  career  of  BENJAMIN  FRANKLIN  in  his  native  city  of 
Boston,  and  almost  at  that  very  moment,  almost  at  that  early  age,  and 
under  those  unpropitious  and  seemingly  desperate  circumstances,  he  com- 
menced a  career  of  well-nigh  unequalled  usefulness  to  his  fellow  men, 
and  of  well-nigh  unequalled  service  and  glory  to  Ms  country.  I  am  not 
about  to  attempt  any  detailed  sketch  of  that  brilliant  career  ha  the  little 
remnant  of  an  hour's  discourse.  It  is  so  identified  with  the  history  of  his 
country  and  of  the  whole  civilized  world  in  the  age  in  which  he  lived, 


334 


APPENDIX. 


that  volumes  have  been,  and  might  again  be,  filled,  without  exhausting 
either  its  interest  or  its  variety 

I  have  only  alluded  to  that  career,  this  evening,  as  presenting  some 
striking  circumstances,  both  of  comparison  and  of  contrast,  with  that  of 
the  great  Syracusan  philosopher  and  mechanic  of  antiquity,  whose  history 
I  have  just  given  you,  and  from  a  feeling  which  impressed  itself  upon  my 
mind,  on  the  first  glance  at  the  design  of  the  diploma  to  which  I  have 
alluded,  that  the  figure  of  Franklin  resting  on  that  old  original  printing- 
press  of  his,  which  is  still  to  be  seen  in  the  patent  office  at  Washington, 
might  well  have  formed  a  counterpart  to  the  figure  of  Archimedes  resting 
on  his  screw.  Their  names  are  connected  with  periods  of  history  two 
thousand  years  apart,  but  they  are  still,  and  they  will  ever  be,  the  names 
which  mechanics  everywhere,  and  certainly  in  our  own  country,  will 
remember  and  cherish,  with  an  interest  and  a  respect,  which  no  other 
names  in  that  long,  long  interval,  can  ever  be  permitted  to  share. 

If  Archimedes  signalized  his  early  ingenuity  in  discovering  the  defect- 
iveness  of  King  Hiero's  crown,  Franklin  was  second  to  no  one  in  detect- 
ing and  making  manifest  the  defectiveness  and  worthlessness  of  all  crowns, 
for  any  purposes  of  American  free  government. 

If  Archimedes  by  his  burning  mirrors  drew  down  fire  from  the  sun 
upon  the  foes  of  his  country,  Franklin  caught  the  forked  lightning  upon 
his  magic  points,  averted  it  from  the  homes  of  his  fellow  men,  and  con- 
ducted it  where  it  might  be  safely  disarmed  of  its  deadly  properties. 

And,  certainly,  if  Archimedes  exhibited  a  sublime  spectacle,  in  setting 
at  defiance  and  holding  at  bay  the  whole  power  of  imperial  Rome  on  sea 
and  on  land,  by  his  marvellous  and  tremendous  enginery,  —  literally 
laughing  a  siege  to  scorn,  —  Franklin,  sending  up  his  kite  and  holding 
his  key  in  a  thunder  storm,  in  order  to  draw  deliberately  down  upon 
himself  the  flaming  bolts  of  heaven,  that  he  might  analyze  their  character 
and  verify  his  theory  for  the  good  of  mankind,  presents  a  picture  of 
even  greater  and  nobler  sublimity. 

Franklin  did  not,  indeed,  devote  himself  to  profound  mathematics 
and  geometrical  problems  and  theorems.  He  lived  in  a  larger  and  busier 
world  than  Archimedes  ever  conceived  of,  and  at  a  period  when  the  dis- 
tractions of  an  unsettled  and  uncivilized  state  of  society  permitted  but 
little  devotion  or  attention  to  philosophy  or  science  of  any  sort.  But  he 
was  not  a  whit  behind  the  great  Sicilian  in  the  ingenuity  and  industry 
which  he  displayed,  in  devising  and  preparing  the  instruments  and  engines 
by  which  his  countrymen  were  enabled  to  improve  their  condition  in  time 


HISTORY    OF   THE    STATUE.  335 

of  peace,  and  to  defend  their  soil  and  their  independence  in  time  of  war. 
And  I  know  not  any  one  in  our  own  history,  or  in  any  other  history, 
\vho,  from  the  variety  and  multiplicity  of  the  improvements,  inventions, 
and  practical  suggestions,  both  for  the  purposes  of  peace  and  of  war,  of 
which  he  was  the  author,  could  so  well  be  likened  to  that  hundred-handed 
Briareus,  to  whom  Marcellus  compared  the  old  philosopher  of  Sicily,  as 
Benjamin  Franklin. 

After  dwelling  at  some  length  on  the  life  and  services  of 
Franklin,  Mr.  Winthrop  concluded  his  lecture  as  follows: 

And  now,  my  friends,  if  some  one  of  the  renowned  orators  or  philoso- 
phers of  the  old  world,  if  some  British  or  European  Cicero,  —  a 
Brougham  or  a  Macaulay,  a  Humboldt  or  a  Guizot,  —  on  coming  over 
to  visit  this  proud  and  prosperous  republic  of  ours,  —  should  happen,  as 
well  he  might,  to  take  a  Halifax  steamer  and  arrive  first  at  the  birth-place 
of  Franklin,  —  and  if,  upon  being  waited  on  by  the  magistrates  of  the 
city,  as  Cicero  of  old  was  waited  upon  on  his  arrival  at  ancient  Syracuse, 
with  an  offer  to  show  him  our  Yankee  lions,  —  if  such  a  man,  under  such 
circumstances,  instead  of  asking  to  be  conducted  to  our  temples  of  edu- 
cation or  of  religion,  of  charity  or  of  liberty,  to  our  Asylums  or  Athenae- 
ums, our  aqueducts,  our  fountains,  or  our  Faneuil  Hall,  —  should  inquire 
at  once,  as  Cicero  inquired,  for  the  monument  commemorative  of  the 
genius  and  services  of  one  so  known  and  honored  throughout  the  world, — 
of  him  who  wrested  the  sceptre  from  tyrants  and  the  thunderbolt  from  the 
skies,  —  I  think  it  would  not  be  difficult  to  realize  something  of  the  em- 
barrassment with  which  His  Honor  the  Mayor,  or  whoever  else  might  be 
his  conductor,  would  suggest  to  the  distinguished  stranger,  that  though 
Franklin  was  born  in  Boston,  he  did  not  exactly  die  in  Boston,  —  that 
there  was,  indeed,  a  little  painted  stone  urn,  without  a  name  on  it,  in  one 
of  the  side  streets,  —  but  that  Philadelphia,  perhaps,  would  be  the  more 
appropriate  place  to  inquire  at,  as  he  was  understood  to  have  been  buried 
there. 

Our  distinguished  visitor,  of  course,  would  acquiesce  in  the  suggestion; 
not,  however,  I  imagine,  without  a  shrug  of  astonishment,  which  French 
politeness  might  conceal,  but  which  John  Bull,  in  the  person  of  my  Lord 
Brougham,  certainly,  would  be  altogether  likely  to  make  quite  as  mani- 
fest as  was  agreeable.  At  any  rate,  he  would  postpone  further  inquiries 
until  he  reached  Philadelphia,  where  he  would  rely  on  the  satisfaction  of 


336  APPENDIX. 

paying  his  homage  at  the  very  grave  of  the  great  philosopher.  And  now 
let  us  imagine  him  to  have  reached  the  charming  metropolis  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, and  to  have  sallied  out,  as  Cicero  did,  into  the  ancient  grave-yards 
in  quest  of  the  tomb,  —  what,  what  would  he  find  there,  —  if,  indeed,  he 
succeeded  in  finding  anything  ?  Let  me  give  you  the  description  in  the 
very  words  in  which  I  have  recently  met  with  it,  in  one  of  the  leading 
religious  papers  of  our  land : 

' '  A  dilapidated  dark  slab  of  stone,  at  the  south-west  corner  of  Fifth 
and  Arch  Streets,  Philadelphia,  marks  (or  did  mark  a  few  years  ago) 
the  spot  where  rest  the  remains  of  Benjamin  and  Deborah  Franklin ;  but 
you  cannot  see  their  grave  nor  read  the  inscription  without  climbing  a 
high  brick  wall,  in  violation  of  the  law,  or  without  securing  a  good  oppor- 
tunity and  the  favor  of  the  sexton,  each  of  which  is  said  to  be  attended 
with  difficulty.  So  well  hidden  is  this  grave,  and  so  little  frequented, 
that  we  have  known  many  native  Philadelphians  of  men's  and  women's 
estate,  who  could  not  direct  one  to  the  locality  where  it  may  be 
found." 

Is  this,  Mr.  President,  a  mere  parody  of  Cicero's  description  of  his 
hunt  for  the  tomb  of  Archimedes  before  the  Christian  era  ?  —  Or  is  it  a 
genuine  and  authentic  account  of  the  tomb  of  Benjamin  Franklin  in  this 
nineteenth  century  ?  If  it  be  the  latter,  as,  I  am  sorry  to  say,  cannot  be 
doubted,  —  said  I  not  rightly  and  justly,  a  moment  since,  that  there  was 
at  least  one  thing  in  common  to  the  memory  of  the  great  Syracusan  and 
the  great  Bostonian,  which,  I  trusted,  for  the  honor  of  us  all,  would  not 
be  of  much  longer  continuance  ?  Archimedes  had  been  dead  a  hundred 
and  thirty-six  years,  before  Cicero  discovered  his  forgotten  tombstone 
buried  up  beneath  briars  and  brambles.  Less  than  half  that  time  has 
elapsed  since  Franklin  was  summoned  to  the  skies.  He  died  only  five 
years  before  this  Association  was  founded,  and,  thanks  to  a  kind  Provi- 
dence, not  even  all  your  original  members  are  yet  numbered  among  the 
dead.  There  is  at  least  one  of  them,  (Isaac  P.  Davis,  Esq.,)  I  rejoice  to 
remember,  who  may  be  seen  almost  every  day  on  'Change,  with  a  heart 
as  young  as  the  youngest  within  these  walls,  and  whose  name,  inscribed 
in  the  second  volume  of  Webster's  Speeches,  as  a  token  of  the  constant 
friendship  and  regard  of  their  illustrious  author,  will  be  preserved  as 
fresh  and  fragrant  with  future  generations,  as  it  is  with  that  which  has 
been  the  immediate  witness  of  his  genial  good  nature,  his  fullness  of 
information,  and  his  untiring  obligingness.  Sixty-three  years  only, — 
less,  by  seven,  than  the  allotted  term  of  a  single  human  life,  have  thus 


HISTORY    OF   THE    STATUE.  337 

expired  since  Franklin's  death,  —  but  they  have  been  enough,  it  seems, 
to  consign  his  tomb  to  dilapidation  and  almost  to  oblivion. 

It  is  true,  indeed,  and  in  justice  to  Franklin  himself,  I  must  not 
forget  it  or  omit  it,  that  with  a  native  simplicity  and  modesty  of  charac- 
ter, which  no  compliments  or  caresses  of  the  great  or  the  learned,  which 
no  distinction  or  flattery  at  home  or  abroad,  could  ever  corrupt  or  impair, 
this  truly  great  man  prescribed,  by  his  own  Will,  the  plainest  and  hum- 
blest possible  memorial  for  his  own  resting-place. 

"  I  wish  (says  he)  to  be  buried  by  the  side  of  my  wife,  if  it  may  be, 
and  that  a  marble  stone,  to  be  made  by  Chambers,  six  feet  long  and  four 
feet  wide,  plain,  with  only  a  small  moulding  round  the  upper  edge,  and 
this  inscription : 

'BENJAMIN  AND  DEBORAH  FRANKLIN, 

178-.' 
to  be  placed  over  us  both." 

It  is  true,  also,  that  Franklin  has  left  memorials  enough  of  himself 
behind  him,  to  render  all  further  commemoration  on  his  own  account  alto- 
gether superfluous. 

Every  lightning-rod  is  a  monument  to  Franklin,  of  his  own  erection ; 
and  not  a  flash,  which  is  disarmed  by  its  magic  points,  passes  to  the 
ground,  without  a  fresh  illumination  of  his  title  to  the  gratitude  of  man- 
kind. One  might  almost  be  permitted  to  borrow  the  idea  of  the  con- 
science-stricken king  in  Shakspeare's  Tempest,  and  to  imagine  the 
thunder,  with  its  deep  and  dreadful  diapason,  pronouncing  the  name  of 
Franklin,  —  not,  indeed,  as  a  name  of  terror,  but  as  a  pledge  of  safety 
in  the  storm. 

Every  penny-stamp,  too,  is  a  monument  to  Franklin,  earned,  if  not 
established  by  himself,  as  the  fruit  of  his  early  labors  and  his  signal 
success  in  the  organization  of  our  infant  post  office  ;  —  and  no  man,  I 
think,  can  use  the  invaluable  little  implements  of  modern  cheap  postage, 
—  I  do  not  mean  the  stamped  envelopes,  which  are  nothing  less  than  a 
disgrace  to  American  art  and  a  caricature  of  the  Father  of  his  country, 
but  the  original,  separate  stamps,  —  without  rejoicing  that,  apart  from  all 
other  advantages  of  the  system,  the  noble  heads  of  Washington  and 
Franklin  are  thus  brought  daily  to  our  view,  and  are  associated  in  the 
minds  and  hearts  of  the  whole  people  of  the  Union,  with  the  unspeak- 
able privilege  of  a  sure  and  speedy  communication  with  the  absent  and 
the  loved. 

43 


338  APPENDIX. 

And  here,  in  our  own  immediate  community,  too,  I  may  add,  every 
little  silver  medal  distributed  annually  to  the  children  of  our  free  schools, 
is  a  precious  memorial  of  Franklin ;  and  every  boy  or  girl  who  is  incited 
by  the  prizes  he  instituted  to  higher  efforts  at  distinction  in  good  scholar- 
ship and  good  behavior,  is  a  living  monument  to  his  prudent  and  provi- 
dent consideration  for  the  youth  of  his  native  city.  One  of  the  last 
things  which  a  Boston  boy  ever  forgets  is,  that  he  won  and  wore  a 
Franklin  medal.  There  is  at  least  one  of  them,  I  know,  who  would  not 
exchange  the  remembrance  of  that  youthful  distinction  for  any  honor 
which  he  has  since  enjoyed. 

And  though  the  larger  provision  which  he  made  for  the  young  and 
needy  mechanics  of  our  city  has  not  quite  realized  all  the  advantages 
which  he  anticipated,  yet  the  day  is  sure  to  arrive,  when  Boston  and  the 
whole  Commonwealth  will  reap  a  rich  harvest  of  public  improvement 
from  the  surplus  accumulation  of  the  Franklin  Mechanic  Fund. 

Not,  then,  because  Franklin  is  in  any  danger  of  being  forgotten, — 
not  because  his  memory  requires  the  aid  of  bronze  or  marble  to  rescue  it 
from  oblivion,  —  not  because  it  is  in  the  power  of  any  of  us  to  increase  or 
extend  his  pervading  and  enduring  fame, —  but  because,  in  these  days 
of  commemoration,  it  is  unjust  to  ourselves,  unjust  to  our  own  reputation 
for  a  discriminating  estimate  and  a  generous  appreciation  of  real  genius, 
of  true  greatness,  and  of  devoted  public  service,  —  do  I  conclude  this 
lecture  with  the  expression  of  an  earnest  hope,  that  the  day  may  soon 
come,  when  it  shall  cease  to  be  in  the  power  of  any  one  to  say,  that  the 
great  Patriot  Mechanic  and  Philosopher  of  modern  times  is  without  a 
statue  or  a  monument,  either  in  the  city  of  his  burial-place  or  his  birth- 
place. 

The  mechanics  of  Massachusetts,  the  mechanics  of  New  England,  owe 
it  to  themselves  to  see  to  it,  that  this  reproach  no  longer  rests  upon  our 
community  and  our  country.  And  I  know  not  under  what  other  auspices 
than  theirs,  such  a  work  could  be  so  fitly  and  so  hopefully  undertaken. 
When  the  obelisk  at  Bunker  Hill,  —  doubly  consecrated  to  us  by  the 
memory  of  those  in  whose  honor  it  was  erected,  and  of  him  whose  con- 
summate eloquence  will  be  forever  associated  both  with  its  corner-stone 
and  its  cap-stone,  —  when  this  noble  monument  was  lingering  in  its  slow 
ascent,  the  mechanics  of  Massachusetts  pronounced  the  word,  Let  it  be 
finished  —  and  it  was  finished.  And  now  there  is  another  word  for  them 
to  speak,  and  it  will  be  done.  Let  them  unite,  let  us  all  unite,  with  our 
brethren  of  Philadelphia  and  of  the  whole  Union,  in  erecting  a  suitable 


HISTORY    OF    THE   STATUE.  339 

monument  near  the  grave  of  Franklin ;  —  but  let  there  not  fail  to  be, 
also,  a  Statue  of  our  own,  on  some  appropriate  spot  of  the  old  peninsula 
which  gave  him  birth. 

I  know  not  of  a  greater  encouragement  which  could  be  given  to  the 
cause  of  Science  applied  to  Art,  in  which  we  are  assembled ;  I  know  not 
of  a  greater  encouragement  which  could  be  held  out  to  the  young  appren- 
tices, to  whom  we  look  to  carry  forward  that  cause  in  the  future,  and  to 
supply  the  places  of  that  noble  race  of  Massachusetts  mechanics  to  which 
our  city,  our  state,  and  our  whole  country,  have  been  so  greatly  indebted, 
both  for  laying  the  foundations,  and  for  building  up  the  superstructure, 
not  merely  of  our  material  edifices,  but  of  our  moral,  civil  and  political 
institutions ;  I  know  not  of  a  greater  encouragement  which  could  be 
afforded  to  industry,  temperance,  moderation,  frugality,  benevolence,  self- 
denial,  self-devotion,  and  patriotism,  in  every  art,  occupation  and  condi- 
tion of  life, —  than  the  visible  presence,  in  some  conspicuous  quarter  of  our 
metropolis,  of  the  venerable  figure  of  Franklin,  in  that  plain,  old-fashioned, 
long-bodied,  Quaker-like  coat,  with  which  he  will  be  forever  associated  in 
our  minds,  and  in  which  he  appeared  proudly  alike  before  kings  and  com- 
moners ;  and  with  that  bland  and  benevolent  countenance,  which  seems  to 
say  even  to  the  humblest  and  least  hopeful  of  God's  creatures,  —  "I  was 
once  as  you  are  now,  —  houseless  and  penniless,  without  fortune  and 
without  friends  ;  —  but  never  despair,  —  be  just  and  fear  not,  —  be  sober, 
be  diligent,  be  frugal,  be  faithful,  love  man  and  love  God,  and  do  your 
whole  duty  to  yourself,  to  your  neighbor,  and  to  your  country,  in  what- 
ever circumstances  you  are  placed,  —  and  you,  also,  may  do  good  in  your 
day  and  generation,  —  and  you,  too,  may,  haply,  leave  a  name,  that  shall 
be  remembered  and  honored  in  all  ages  and  throughout  all  climes ! " 

The  response  to  the  suggestion  thus  distinctly  made,  was 
immediate  and  electric,  and  was  foreshadowed  in  the  follow- 
ing letter  communicating  to  Mr.  Winthrop  the  thanks  of  the 
Mechanic  Association,  and  requesting  a  copy  of  the  lecture 
for  publication :  — 

BOSTON,  DECEMBER  8,  1853. 

Hon.    ROBERT    C.    WlNTIIROP  t 

Dear  Sir,  —  At  a  meeting  of  the  Government  of  the  Massachusetts 
Charitable  Mechanic  Association,  held  last  eveniirg,  the  Lecture  Commit- 
tee were  instructed  to  present  to  you,  iu  behalf  of  the  Association,  the 


340  APPENDIX. 

thanks  of  the  board  for  the  eloquent  and  interesting  address  delivered  by 
you  on  the  evening  of  the  twenty-ninth  ult.  as  the  introductory  lecture  to 
the  present  course. 

They  were  also  further  instructed  to  request  a  copy  for  the  press,  and 
to  make  all  necessary  arrangements  for  its  publication  and  distribution  to 
the  members  and  the  public. 

The  Committee  hope  it  will  suit  your  convenience  to  furnish  us  the 
manuscript  at  an  early  day,  in  order  that  it  may  awaken  the  public  senti- 
ment of  our  city  to  the  propriety  of  erecting  a  statue  of  Franklin  in  the 
place  of  his  birth.  The  force  and  pertinence  with  which  you  urged  this 
measure  in  your  address,  will  serve  to  quicken  the  hearts  of  our  people  in 
its  behalf;  and  its  publication,  no  doubt,  will  be  followed  by  that  energetic 
action  which  will  secure  the  final  success  of  the  project. 

We  remain,  truly  yours,  &c., 

F.  W.  LINCOLN,  Jr. 
FRED.  H.  STIMPSON, 


OSMYN  BREWSTER, 
JOSEPH  M.  WIGHTMAN, 
ALBERT  Gr.  BROWNE, 


Committee. 


At  a  regular  meeting  of  the  Government  of  the  Association, 
held  at  the  house  of  the  President,  Jonas  Chickering,  Esq., 
on  Wednesday,  the  seventh  day  of  December,  1853,  the  day 
previous  to  his  much  lamented  decease,  on  motion  of  Frederic 
W.  Lincoln,  Jr.,  Esq.,  the  Vice  President  of  the  Association, 
it  was 

Voted:  —  That  Messrs.  Frederic  W.  Lincoln,  Jr.,  John  H.  Thorn- 
dike,  Joseph  M.  Wightman,  John  Cowdin,  and  Osmyn  Brewster,  be  a 
committee  to  consider  the  expediency  of  proposing  to  the  Association, 
that  they  should  take  the  incipient  measures  for  erecting  in  the  city  of 
Boston  a  statue  of  Franklin,  in  accordance  with  the  recommendation  of 
Mr.  Winthrop  in  his  introductory  lecture. 

On  Wednesday,  the  twenty-eighth  day  of  the  same  month, 
at  an  adjourned  meeting  of  the  Government  of  the  Association, 
the  Vice  President,  from  the  special  committee  in  relation  to  a 
statue  in  memory  of  Franklin,  made  a  report  in  writing,  which, 


HISTORY    OF   THE    STATUE.  341 

on  motion  of  Mr.  Calvin  W.  Haven,  was  accepted,  and  ordered 
to  be  communicated  to  the  Association. 

Pursuing  the  project  of  erecting  a  statue  to  the  memory  of 
the  illustrious  Franklin,  at  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Associa- 
tion, held  at  the  rooms  on  the  fourth  day  of  January,  1854,  the 
committee  on  finance,  by  Mr.  Lincoln,  their  chairman,  submitted 
their  annual  report,  containing  the'  following  allusion  to  the 
contemplated  statue:  — 

"  Mr.  Winthrop's  Introductory  Lecture,  while  being  appropriate  to 
the  occasion,  derives  some  significance  from  the  formal  and  earnest  manner 
in  which  he  advocated  the  erection  of  a  statue  of  Franklin.  There 
appears  to  be  a  feeling  that  in  this  city  of  his  birth,  where  we  are  so 
much  indebted  to  him  for  his  legacy  to  mechanics  and  for  his  gift  to  our 
children,  that  we  have  too  long  delayed  an  appropriate  memorial  to  his 
memory.  We  have  been  expected,  as  an  association,  to  take  the  first 
steps  towards  the  object.  The  Government  of  the  Association  have  taken 
the  subject  into  consideration,  and  the  plan  proposed  will  be  laid  before 

you." 

On  the  same  day  the  newly  elected  President  of  the  Asso- 
ciation, Frederic  W.  Lincoln,  Jr.,  Esq.,  presented  the  report 
of  a  committee  of  the  Government  upon  the  proposed  statue 
of  Franklin,  appended  to  which  were  the  following  resolutions, 
which,  on  motion  of  Mr.  George  G.  Smith,  were  adopted. 

Resolved,  —  That  a  committee  be  appointed  to  nominate  a  list  of  forty 
persons,  to  be  "selected  from  our  honorary  members,  our  own  members, 
and  the  citizens  at  large,  who  shall  have  the  whole  charge  of  the  subject. 
They  shall  have  power  to  fill  vacancies,  enlarge  their  number,  and  make 
all  necessary  arrangements  to  carry  out  the  object  of  their  appointment. 

Resolved,  —  That  our  Secretary  be  instructed  to  notify  said  gentle- 
men of  their  appointment,  and  to  call  a  meeting  for  organization  at  the 
rooms  of  our  Association,  on  Tuesday,  January  seventeenth,  at  four 
o'clock,  it  being  the  anniversary  of  the  birth  of  Franklin. 

Under  the  foregoing  resolutions,  Messrs.  Henry  N.  Hooper, 
Uriel  Crocker,  and  George  Coolidge,  were  appointed  a  com- 


342  APPENDIX. 

mittee  to  retire  and  report  a  list  of  forty  names  of  individuals 
to  compose  the  committee  mentioned  in  the  first  resolution. 
The  nominating  committee  subsequently  offered  the  follow- 
ing list  of  names  as  their  report,  and  it  was  unanimously 
accepted  by  the  meeting,  and  the  gentlemen  named  were  consti- 
tuted the  committee  on  the  statue :  — 

MEMBERS    OF    THE    ASSOCIATION. 

Isaac  Harris,  Osmyn  Brewster, 

Stephen  Fairbanks,  Theophilus  R.  Marvin, 

Joseph  T.  Buckingham,  John  Cowclin, 

Charles  Wells,  John  H.  Thorndike, 

George  Darracott,  Joseph  M.  Wightman, 

George  G-.   Smith,  Charles  G.  King, 

James  Clark,  Kimball  Gibson, 

Henry  N.  Hooper,  Joseph  L.  Bates, 

Frederic  W.  Lincoln,  Jr.,  Otis  Tufts, 

Thomas  Blanchard,  John  Kuhn, 

Samuel  M.  Allen,  William  C.  Bond. 

CITIZENS    AT    LARGE. 

Robert  C.  Winthrop,  George  R.  Russell, 

Josiah  Quincy,  Nathaniel  B.  Shurtleff, 

Abbott  Lawrence,  Epes  Sargent, 

Edward  Everett,  Thomas  G.  Appleton, 

Jacob  Bigelow,  Daniel  N.  Haskell, 

David  Sears,  George  S.  Hillard, 

Richard  Frothingham,  Jr.,  Jared  Sparks, 

William  H.  Prescott,  Thomas  P.  Gushing, 

J.  Ingersoll  Bowditch,  Thomas  E.  Chickering. 

By  direction  of  the  Association,  its  Secretary,  Joseph  L. 
Bates,  Esq.,  promptly  notified  the  members  of  the  committee 
of  their  appointment,  and  that  the  first  meeting  of  the  commit- 
tee would  be  held  for  organization  on  Tuesday,  the  seventeenth 
day  of  January,  1854,  the  anniversary  of  the  birthday  of 
Franklin. 


HISTORY    OF   THE   STATUE.  343 

Agreeably  to  notice,  a  meeting  of  the  committee  appointed 
by  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association  was 
held  at  the  rooms  then  occupied  by  the  Association  in  the 
building  now  belonging  to  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society. 
The  Secretary  of  the  Association  then  read  the  names  of  the 
committee,  and  it  appeared  that  the  following  persons  were 
present : 

From,  the  citizens  at  large, —  Messrs.  Robert  C.  Winthrop, 
Josiah  Quincy,  Abbott  Lawrence,  Jacob  Bigelow,  David  Sears, 
J.  Ingersoll  Bowditch,  Nathaniel  B.  Shurtleff,  Epes  Sargent, 
Thomas  G.  Appleton,  Jared  Sparks  and  Thomas  P.  Gushing. 

From  the  Mechanic  Association, —  Messrs.  Isaac  Harris, 
James  Clark,  Henry  N.  Hooper,  Frederic  W.  Lincoln,  Jr., 
Thomas  Blanchard,  Osmyn  Brewster,  Theophilus  R.  Marvin, 
John  H.  Thorndike,  Charles  G.  King,  Kimball  Gibson,  Joseph 
L.  Bates,  Otis  Tufts  and  John  Kuhn. 

Hon.  Mr.  Winthrop  then  rose  and  made  a  few  remarks  on 
the  object  of  the  meeting.  He  said  that  the  gentlemen  who 
were  present  had  assembled  on  the  one  hundred  and  forty-eighth 
anniversary  of  the  birthday  of  Franklin,  to  take  measures  to 
pay  a  just,  though  tardy  tribute  to  his  memory ;  and  he  hoped 
before  the  one  hundred  and  fiftieth  anniversary  should  arrive — 
before  three  half  centuries  should  have  passed  away,  the  work 
would  be  completed,  and  Franklin  be  found  standing  again 
in  our  sight.  He  regarded  it  as  an  interesting  coincidence 
that  it  was  now  just  one  hundred  years  since  Franklin  pro- 
posed, in  the  Albany  Convention,  that  plan  of  Union  which 
was  finally  adopted  by  our  fathers,  and  which  has  been  the 
source  of  such  unspeakable  blessings  to  the  American  people. 

Mr.  Winthrop  believed  there  had  been  a  very  general  assent 
to  the  propriety  of  this  work,  since  it  was  suggested,  and  a 
general  feeling  that  it  should  be  initiated  by  the  Mechanic 
Charitable  Association.  It  was  as  a  mechanic,  and  the 
sou  of  a  mechanic,  that  Franklin  was  known  to  Boston. 
In  conclusion  he  moved  that  the  President  of  the  Mas- 


344  APPENDIX. 

sachusetts  Mechanic  Charitable  Association,  Frederic  W. 
Lincoln,  Jr.,  Esq.,  should  be  the  president  of  the  com- 
mittee. 

The  motion  of  Mr.  Winthrop  was  received  with  great 
satisfaction,  and  was  unanimously  adopted;  and  Joseph  L. 
Bates,  Esq.,  the  Secretary  of  the  Association,  was  requested 
to  serve  as  secretary  of  the  committee. 

Mr.  Lincoln,  on  taking  the  chair,  returned  his  thanks  for 
the  honor  conferred  upon  him,  in  a  few  remarks  appropriate 
to  the  occasion. 

The  report  of  the  committee  of  the  Government,  as  com- 
municated to  the  Association  at  the  annual  meeting,  was  read 
at  the  request  of  the  presiding  officer.  It  was  strongly  in 
favor  of  erecting  the  statue,  and  expressed  strong  hopes 
that  the  project  should  not  be  monopolized  by  the  Associa- 
tion ;  but  that  the  citizens  generally  should  be  interested  in 
it,  and  should  be  invited  to  participate  in  its  fulfilment.  It 
tendered  the  use  of  the  rooms  of  the  Association  for  meet- 
ings of  the  committee,  and  proffered  other  aid. 

Hon.  Abbott  Lawrence  then  offered  the  following  reso- 
lution :  — 

Resolved,  —  That  we  cordially  concur  in  the  proposition  of  the  Mas- 
sachusetts Charitable  Mechanic  Association,  that  measures  should  no 
longer  be  delayed  for  erecting  a  statue  of  Benjamin  Franklin  in  the  city 
of  his  birth. 

Mr.  Lawrence  remarked  that  he  did  not  deem  it  neces- 
sary, after  having  read  the  eloquent  and  able  lecture  of  Mr. 
Winthrop  before  the  Association,  to  say  anything  in  support 
of  this  resolution.  This  matter  of  a  public  memorial  to 
Franklin  in  the  city  of  his  birth  had  been  too  long  delayed. 
As  a  citizen  of  Boston  he  had  long  felt  that  it  was  due  to 
ourselves,  as  well  as  to  that  great  man,  that  some  action 
should  be  taken  to  accomplish  this  object.  He  felt  sure  of 
the  readiness  of  the  public  to  do  that  which  this  committee  had 


HISTORY    OF   THE   STATUE.  345 

met  to  accomplish,  and  that  they  are  ready  to  make  the  neces- 
sary subscriptions.  He  looked  upon  Franklin  as  the  embodi- 
ment of  the  great  mechanical  interests  of  the  city.  But  he 
did  not  belong  to  the  mechanics  entirely.  He  was  a  great 
statesman  —  mighty  in  science  —  and  the  country  is  more 
indebted  to  him  for  its  present  prosperity  and  happiness  than 
to  any  other  man,  save  the  «  Father  of  his  country."  As  far 
as  his  feeble  cooperation  would  assist,  he  was  quite  ready  to 
engage  in  the  work.  He  hoped  the  matter  would  be  taken  up 
with  vigor,  and  that  in  a  few  weeks  all  the  money  necessary 
would  be  subscribed. 

After  remarks  from  Mr.  Sparks  and  others  the  resolution 
was  unanimously  adopted. 

Mr.  Winthrop  then  read  the  following  letter,  which  was 
written  several  years  ago  by  Hon.  Jared  Sparks,  in  which  the 
matter  of  a  monument  to  Franklin  is  alluded  to.  He  said  that 
he  did  not  know  of  the  existence  of  this  letter  when  his  lec- 
ture was  delivered  and  printed,  and  he  took  pleasure  in  reading 
it  now,  in  justice  to  its  distinguished  author,  as  well  as  for  the 
valuable  views  which  it  contained. 

CAMBRIDGE,  FEB.  9,  1850. 

Dear  Sir  :  —  In  reply  to  your  inquiry,  allow  me  to  say,  that  it  is  not 
my  purpose  for  the  present  to  write  anything  concerning  the  part  taken 
by  Franklin  in  the  negotiations  of  1782.  Hereafter  I  may  be  able  to 
place  that  subject  in  a  more  just  light  than  has  hitherto  been  done. 

I  have  read  in  the  British  and  French  offices  all  the  correspondence 
and  other  papers  relating  to  those  negotiations,  and  the  diplomatic  corres- 
pondence of  the  French  government  with  the  French  ministers  in  this 
country,  Spain  and  Holland,  during  our  revolution,  amounting  to  more 
than  sixty  large  folio  volumes.  After  this  research,  in  which  I  was 
employed  nearly  a  year,  I  do  not  think  it  presumption  to  believe  that  I 
am  qualified  to  form  an  opinion,  not  only  of  the  acts  and  policy  of  the 
French  court,  but  of  the  agency  of  Franklin  in  the  great  affairs  of  that 
period. 

Having  turned  my  attention  particularly  to  this  latter  point,  I  do  not 
hesitate  to  declare,  in  the  most  unqualified  terms,  that  the  idea  of  the 


346  APPENDIX. 

delinquency  of  Franklin  as  the  representative  of  the  great  interests  of  his 
country,  and  of  his  submissiveness  to  the  French  court,  which  was  so 
industriously  propagated  for  a  long  time  in  this  country,  is  without  a 
shadow  of  foundation.  Such  an  idea  is  not  sustained  by  a  single  para- 
graph or  fact  in  all  this  voluminous  mass  of  papers,  although  he  often 
appears  as  a  prominent  actor  in  our  complicated  foreign  relations.  On 
the  contrary,  he  is  everywhere  presented  in  the  character  of  a  true  and 
steady  patriot,  wise  and  consistent,  sagacious  and  firm,  bold  and  perse- 
vering, and  not  a  whit  behind  the  most  ardent  of  his  compatriots  in 
asserting  his  country's  liberties,  and  maintaining  her  rights. 

His  services  abroad  can  never  be  properly  estimated,  because  they 
were  rendered  in  a  sphere  which,  at  the  time,  was  necessarily  in  a  great 
measure  concealed  from  the  public  eye.  No  one  who  will  examine  the 
subject,  however,  can  doubt  for  a  moment  that  he  was  second  only  to 
Washington  in  establishing  his  country's  freedom  and  moulding  her  desti- 
nies. His  genius  and  writings  had  made  him  renowned  in  Europe  when 
the  controversy  began ;  and  this  renown,  increased  by  his  public  character 
and  extraordinary  wisdom,  enabled  him  to  do  for  his  country  what  no 
other  man  could  have  done ;  and  I  will  repeat,  that,  in  my  opinion,  no 
man  ever  executed  a  high  trust  with  more  fidelity,  ability,  and  devoted 
patriotism. 

And  yet,  where  are  the  monuments  which  testify  a  nation's  gratitude 
for  the  services  of  such  a  benefactor  ?  They  exist  in  his  writings,  his 
fame,  in  the  glory  which  his  name  has  thrown  over  the  land  of  his  birth, 
and,  we  may  add,  in  the  hearts  of  mankind.  They  are  not  found  in 
marble,  bronze,  or  granite.  Even  his  native  city,  eminent  as  she  is  for 
acts  of  public  munificence,  and  honored  by  the  civilized  world  as  the  spot 
on  which  Franklin  drew  his  first  breath,  contains  no  memorial  of  the 
noble  and  generous  pride,  which,  by  the  example  of  ancient  and  modern 
times,  such  a  distinction  might  justly  inspire. 

I  am,  dear  Sir,  respectfully  and  truly  yours, 

JARED   SPARKS. 
JOHN  C.  WARREN,  M.  D. 

Mr.  Sparks  being  present,  responded  at  some  length,  de- 
fending the  character  of  Franklin  from  the  aspersions  which 
had  been  attempted  to  be  cast  upon  it,  and  in  conclusion 
expressed  his  gratification  at  the  present  movement,  and  hoped 
it  would  be  successful. 


HISTORY    OF   THE   STATUE.  347 

Remarks  were  also  elicited  from  the  venerable  Josiah 
Quincj,  and  Isaac  Harris,  Epes  Sargent,  John  H.  Thorndike, 
Thomas  G.  Appleton,  and  Thomas  P.  Cushing,  Esquires,  and 
Dr.  Jacob  Bigelow. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Winthrop  it  was 

Resolved,  —  That  a  Committee  of  Finance,  and  a  Committee  on 
Design  and  Execution  be  appointed  by  the  Chairman,  and  that  the  Com- 
mittee on  Finance  be  empowered  to  appoint  a  Treasurer. 

Whereupon  the  chairman  announced  the  following  com- 
mittees: — 

Committee  on  Design  and  Execution,  —  Messrs.  Robert  C. 
Wiuthrop,  Jacob  Bigelow,  Jared  Sparks,  Edward  Everett, 
William  H.  Prescott,  William  Appleton,  George  G-.  Smith, 
Henry  N.  Hooper,  Thomas  Blanchard,  Epes  Sargent,  Wil- 
liam C.  Bond,  Joseph  M.  Wightman,  and  Otis  Tufts. 

Committee  on  Finance,  —  Messrs.  Abbott  Lawrence,  David 
Sears,  George  R.  Russell,  Thomas  P.  Cushing,  Nathaniel  B. 
Shurtleff,  Richard  Frothingham,  Jr.,  J.  Ingersoll  Bowditch, 
Stephen  Fairbanks,  Theophilus  R.  Marvin,  Osmyn  Brewster, 
Daniel  N.  Haskell,  John  H.  Thorndike,  and  Charles  G.  King. 

Henry  ^.  Hooper,  Esq.,  offered  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  passed  unanimously  by  the  Committee :  — 

Eesolved,  —  That  it  ought  to  be,  and  doubtless  will  be,  a  pleasure 
and  a  pride  to  all  classes  of  our  fellow  citizens  to  contribute  something  to 
this  object,  and  we  look  especially  to  the  mechanics  and  their  apprentices, 
—  to  the  printers,  and  those  of  our  fellow  citizens  who  as  school  boys 
have  won  and  worn  a  Franklin  medal,  to  aid  in  the  work. 

A  letter  was  read  from  Hon.  George  S.  Hillard,  declining, 
on  account  of  pressing  official  duties,  his  position  as  a  member 
of  the  committee;  and  J.  Thomas  Stevenson,  Esq.,  was  ap- 
pointed in  his  place. 

A  vote  was  passed  inviting  the  Mayor  of  the  city,  the 
President  of  the  Common  Council,  the  President  of  the  Me- 


348  APPENDIX. 

chanic  Apprentices  Library  Association,  the  President  of  the 
Franklin  Typographical  Society,  and  the  President  of  the  Mer- 
cantile Library  Association,  to  unite  with  the  committee  in 
furtherance  of  their  purpose. 

On  motion  of  Theophilus  R.  Marvin,  Esq.,  it  was 

Voted,  —  That  the  Chairman  of  this  Committee,  (the  General  Com- 
mittee), the  Chairman  of  the  Committee  of  Finance,  and  the  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  of  Design  he  an  Executive  Committee,  to  call  meetings 
of  the  General  Committee,  whenever  it  shall  hecome  requisite. 

On  motion  of  Epes  Sargent,  Esq.,  it  was 

Voted,  —  That  the  contemplated  statue  of  Franklin  he  made  of 
bronze. 

The  preliminary  matters  having  been  arranged,  the  meeting 
was  dissolved. 

The  first  meeting  of  the  Committee  of  Finance  was  held  on 
the  afternoon  of  the  twentieth  of  January.  Osmyn  Brewster, 
Esq.,  Treasurer  of  the  Mechanic  Association,  at  the  request  of 
the  committee,  consented  to  perform  the  services  of  treasurer 
to  the  committee ;  and  John  H.  Thorndike  and  Charles  G.  King, 
Esquires,  were  appointed  a  committee  with  full  powers  to  pro- 
vide a  suitable  form  of  certificate  to  be  issued  to  contributors 
towards  defraying  the  expenses  of  the  statue. 

On  motion  of  Hon.  Richard  Frothingham,  Jr.,  it  was 

Voted,  —  That  the  Chairman  of  the  Finance  Committee  be  author- 
ized to  prepare  a  circular  letter,  to  be  addressed  to  the  Government  of  the 
Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association,  the  Franklin  Typographi- 
cal Society,  the  Mercantile  Library  Association,  the  Mechanic  Apprentices 
Library  Association,  and  the  Franklin  Medal  Scholars,  also  to  such  other 
associations  as  it  may  seem  proper,  requesting  their  cooperation  hi  the 
object  of  the  appointment  of  the  committee. 

Other  matters  of  detail  were  arranged  at  the  meeting  pre- 
vious to  its  adjournment.  In  accordance  with  the  vote  of  the 


HISTORY    OF   THE   STATUE.  349 

committee,  the  following  circular  was  prepared  by  Hon.  Mr. 
Lawrence,  and  communicated  to  the  associations  mentioned  in 
the  vote,  and  to  many  others. 

BOSTON,  JAN.  20,  1851. 

Sir :  —  At  a  meeting  of  a  committee  of  forty  gentlemen,  called  at  the 
suggestion  of  the  Government  of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic 
Association,  on  the  seventeenth  instant,  it  was  voted  to  take  measures  to 
erect  a  Bronze  Statue  to  the  memory  of  Franklin,  hi  the  city  of  his  hirth, 
and  the  undersigned  were  appointed  a  Committee  of  Finance. 

In  the  belief  that  your  Association  would  take  pride  and  pleasure  in 
promoting  this  object,  we  respectfully  invite  your  cooperation.  Such  con- 
tributions as  you  may  see  fit  to  make  may  be  handed  to  the  Treasurer  of 
this  Committee,  Osmyn  Brewster,  Esq.,  47  Washington  Street. 

It  is  desirable  that  as  speedy  returns  as  convenient  may  be  made  of 
the  amounts  collected. 

Signed,         ABBOTT  LAWRENCE, 
DAVID  SEARS, 
GEORGE  K.  RUSSELL, 
THOMAS  P.  GUSHING, 
J.  INGERSOLL  BOWDITCH, 
NATHANIEL  B.  SHURTLEFF, 
RICHARD  FROTHINGHAM,  Jr. 
STEPHEN  FAIRBANKS, 
THEOPHILUS  R.  MARVIN, 
OSMYN  BREWSTER, 
DANIEL  N.  HASKELL, 
JOHN  H.  THORNDIKE, 

A  true  copy,  CHARLES  G.  KING. 

JOSEPH  L.  BATES,  Secretary  of  Committee. 

The  various  bodies  to  whom  the  circular  was  addressed 
responded  promptly  to  the  invitation,  and  commenced  collecting 
subscriptions  for  the  erection  of  the  statue. 

For  this  purpose  a  special  meeting  of  the  Mechanic  Asso- 
ciation was  held ;  and,  as  it  was  deemed  best  that  individual 
collections  should  be  made  from  the  members  generally,  a  com- 


350  APPENDIX. 

mittee  consisting  of  the  following  persons,  three  for  each  ward, 
was  appointed  to  wait  upon  each  member  for  subscriptions :  — 
Messrs.  Henry  N.  Hooper,  Thomas  Mair,  Robert  Ripley, 
Benjamin  Lamson,  Hiram  Bosworth,  Charles  Emerson,  Isaac  H. 
Hazelton,  Asa  Swallow,  Thomas  Palmer,  John  Cowdin,  Wil- 
liam F.  Goodwin,  Benjamin  Beal,  Pelham  Bonney,  Frederic 
H.  Stinipson,  Edward  Hennessey,  Francis  B.  Winter,  Nathaniel 
Francis,  Thomas  J.  Shelton,  James  Dillon,  Calvin  W.  Haven, 
William  Stearns,  L.  Miles  Standish,  Edwin  Brown,  John  C. 
Hubbard,  C.  C.  Barney,  William  H.  Howard,  Stephen  Shelton, 
Philo  Sanford,  Joel  Wheeler,  John  Green,  Jr.,  Albert  J.  Wright, 
Isaac  Adams,  T.  S.  Perkins,  Enoch  H.  Snelling,  John  J.  Ray- 
ner,  George  Yendall,  and  Henry  Hutchinsou. 

Isaac  Harris,  Esq.,  one  of  the  original  medal  scholars,  called 
a  meeting  of  several  prominent  gentlemen  w^ho  had  received 
Franklin  medals,  to  take  measures  to  secure  the  cooperation  of 
all  the  others  who  had  received  a  similar  distinction.  This 
preliminary  meeting  was  held  at  the  residence  of  Mr.  Harris, 
and  was  an  occasion  of  an  exceedingly  interesting  character. 
Three  of  those  who  received  the  Franklin  medals  in  the  first 
year  of  their  distribution,  were  present,  namely:  Dr.  John 
C.  Warren,  Mr.  Robert  Lash,  and  Mr.  Isaac  Harris.  The 
meeting  was  organized  by  the  choice  of  Dr.  Warren  as  Presi- 
dent, and  Mr.  William  Harris  as  Secretary.  Dr.  Warren 
opened  the  meeting  with  an  interesting  address ;  and  speeches 
followed  from  Hon.  James  Savage,  who  received  a  medal  in 
1795,  and  Hon.  Robert  C.  Winthrop,  whose  medal  was  awarded 
in  1823.  Hon.  Henry  P.  Fairbanks  offered  the  following  reso- 
lutions :  — 

llesolved,  —  That  we  cordially  respond  to  the  appeal  which  has  been 
made  to  the  Franklin  Medal  Scholars  to  aid  in  the  erection  of  a  Statue  of 
Benjamin  Franklin  in  the  city  of  his  birth. 

Resolved,  —  That  a  committee  of  eighteen  be  appointed,  •with  full 
powers  to  arrange  and  carry  out  a  plan  for  securing  the  cooperation  of  all 


HISTORY    OF   THE    STATUE.  351 

the  medal  scholars  in  this  work,  with  authority  to  call  a  general  meeting 
of  them  all,  if  they  shall  judge  it  expedient. 

Itesolved,  —  That  we  regret  to  learn  that  no  record  exists  of  the 
medal  boys  for  a  long  series  of  years,  and  that  advantage  ought  to  be 
taken  of  this  occasion  to  procure  a  complete  list  of  all  who  have  received 
the  Franklin  medal  since  it  was  first  instituted  and  awarded. 

The  following  named  gentlemen  were  appointed  the  com- 
mittee provided  for  in  the  resolutions :  — 

John  C.  Warren,  James  T.  Austin,  Isaac  Harris,  James 
Savage,  Charles  Sprague,  J.  Thomas  Stevenson,  Robert  C.  Win- 
throp,  George  R.  Sampson,  John  C.  Park,  Frederic  H.  Brad- 
lee,  Nathaniel  C.  Poor,  Henry  P.  Fairbanks,  John  J.  Dixwell, 
J.  Wiley  Edmands,  Granville  Hears,  Bradley  N.  Cumings,  Ezra 
Lincoln,  and  Thomas  Gaffield. 

In  consequence  of  "the  decease  of  Hon.  Henry  P.  Fair- 
banks, and  the  resignation  of  Messrs.  Sampson  and  Cumings, 
Hon.  Charles  G.  Loring,  and  Messrs.  Nathaniel  H.  Emmons 
and  Joseph  Ballard,  were  appointed  members  of  the  Com- 
mittee. 

In  accordance  with  the  second  of  the  above  resolutions,  a 
meeting  of  the  Franklin  Medal  Scholars  was  held  in  the  rooms 
of  the  Mechanic  Association,  on  the  evening  of  the  third  of 
March.  The  occasion  was  one  of  so  much  interest  that  a  full 
account  of  it  is  given  below. 

Agreeably  to  notice  given,  the  meeting  was  called  to  order 
at  half-past  seven  o'clock,  about  two  hundred  persons  being 
present.  It  was,  in  many  respects,  a  remarkable  assembly. 
Four  of  the  nine  boys  who  received  Franklin  medals  the 
first  year  were  present,  venerable  men,  well  known  for  their 
useful  and  honorable  lives.  Gentlemen  from  every  walk  of 
life,  of  all  ages,  and  holding  all  varieties  of  opinion  upon 
ordinary  subjects,  were  brought  together  by  a  common  bond 
of  interest,  the  influence  of  which  had  never  before  been 
excited  in  the  same  way.  Fathers  were  present  with  their 
sons,  all  medal  scholars.  Several  gentlemen  had  travelled 


352  APPENDIX. 

from  their  present  homes  many  miles  distant  to  participate  in 
the  pleasure  of  this  interesting  occasion. 

The  meeting  was  called  to  order  by  Col.  Ezra  Lincoln,  and 
on  motion  of  Granville  Mears,  Esq.,  a  committee  was  appointed 
to  nominate  officers.  Messrs.  Granville  Hears,  J.  J.  Dix-- 
well,  and  Joseph  Smith  were  appointed ;  they  retired,  and 
afterwards  returned  with  the  following  list,  which  was  unani- 
mously accepted:  — 

President,  —  Dr.  John  C.  Warren. 

Vice  Presidents,  —  Messrs.  N.  L.  Frothingham,  Alexander 
Young,  James  Savage,  Charles  G.  Loring,  William  Parmenter, 
Isaac  Harris,  and  Robert  Lash. 

Secretaries,  —  Messrs.  Ezra  Lincoln,  Isaac  H.  Wright,  John 
C.  Pratt,  Charles  Hale,  and  S.  F.  McCleary,  Jr. 

The  venerable  President,  a  medal  scholar  of  the  very  first 
year,  on  taking  the  chair  made  a  brief  and  exceedingly  appro- 
priate address,  commenting  on  the  great  services  of  Franklin, 
and  the  duty  incumbent  on  the  medal  scholars  to  do  honor 
to  him  who  had  honored  them. 

Hon.  Robert  C.  Winthrop  then  rose  and  stated  the  double 
object  of  the  meeting;  first,  to  secure  contributions  from  the 
medal  scholars  in  aid  of  the  erection  of  the  statue  to  Franklin; 
and  secondly,  to  obtain  a  complete  list  of  all  those  who  had 
received  the  distinction.  There  is  no  such  list  in  the  archives 
of  the  city,  nor  is  it  possible  to  obtain  one  from  the  news- 
paper or  other  records.  A  complete  list  subsequent  to  1836 
has  been  made  out,  but  the  previous  years  are  imperfect, 
and  many  entirely  wanting. 

Hon.  John  C.  Park  then  offered  the  following  resolution :  — 

Resolved,  —  That  the  Franklin  Medal  Scholars  will  proudly  cooperate 
with  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association,  and  the  citizens 
of  Boston  generally,  in  erecting  a  statue  of  Benjamin  Franklin  in  his 
native  place. 

Robert  Lash,  Esq.,  one  of  the  first  who  received  medals, 
seconded  the  resolution  in  an  interesting  speech. 


HISTORY    OF   THE   STATUE.  353 

Mr.  Edward  A.  Yose,  in  behalf  of  the  mechanic  interest, 
expressed  his  hearty  concurrence  in  the  objects  of  the  meeting 
and  his  approval  of  the  resolution,  and  gave  assurance  that  the 
mechanics  of  Boston  would  cordially  respond  to  the  proposition 
for  the  erection  of  a  monument  to  Franklin. 

The  question  was  then  put,  and  the  resolution  was  unani- 
mously adopted. 

Andrew  T.  Hall,  Esq.,  then  submitted  the  following  reso- 
lution :  — 

Resolved,  —  That  a  committee  of  three  be  appointed  by  the  Chair  to 
retire  and  nominate  to  this  meeting  a  committee  of  not  less  than  twenty- 
five  in  number,  to  call  upon  all  the  Franklin  Medal  Scholars  for  their  con- 
tributions, or  to  take  such  other  measures  as  they  may  deem  expedient  to 
secure  a  general  collection  in  behalf  of  the  object  of  this  meeting. 

The  resolution  was  adopted,  and  Messrs.  Andrew  T.  Hall. 
Frederic  U.  Tracy,  and  Thomas  J.  Shelton  were  appointed  the 
nominating  committee.  They  retired  and  afterwards  returned 
and  reported  the  following  names  :  — 

Committee, — Messrs.  Nathaniel  Brewer,  William  A.  Brewer, 
Edwin  H.  Hall,  Frederic  U.  Tracy,  Henry  Lincoln,  Samuel 
P.  Oliver,  Henry  Mellus,  John  K.  Hall,  E.  F.  Pratt,  Samuel 
H.  Gibbens,  Ichabod  Howland,  Benjamin  Goddard,  John  B. 
Bradford,  Nathaniel  Goddard,  Thomas  J.  Bouve,  Samuel  G. 
Bowdlear,  George  W.  Messinger,  John  J.  May,  John  S.  Dwight, 
Aaron  H.  Bean,  Albert  Day,  George  F.  Homer,  Charles  A. 
Welc'i,  Isaac  H.  Wright,  Charles  Sprague,  William  H.  Den- 
nett, Henry  E.  Lincoln,  Charles  H.  Appleton,  George  F.  Wil- 
liams, Henry  A.  Rice,  Andrew  J.  Loud,  J.  F.  Williams  Lane, 
T.  M.  Brewer,  Henry  Whitney,  Henry  J.  Whitney,  Patrick 
T.  Jackson,  Francis  Boyd,  Thomas  B.  Frothingham,  Otis 
Everett,  Theodore  Frothingham,  Edward  A.  Vose,  and  Ezra 
Lincoln. 

During  the  absence  of  the  nominating  committee  some  inter- 
esting anecdotes  were  related.  Mr.  Park  announced  that  he 

45 


354  APPENDIX. 

had  received  a  letter  from  a  medal  scholar  in  Nantucket,  dated 
at  that  town  as  the  "birthplace  of  the  mother  of  Franklin." 
Mr.  Winthrop  read  one  of  the  rules  of  the  new  Public 
Library  by  which  peculiar  privileges  are  granted  to  Franklin 
medal  scholars. 

The  gentlemen  present  who  received  their  medals  prior  to 
1816  were  invited  to  come  forward  and  enrol  their  names. 
They  were  called  by  the  President  in  the  order  of  seniority, 
and  there  were  frequent  bursts  of  .applause,  as  so  many  gen- 
tlemen eminent  in  the  community  left  their  seats,  one  after 
another,  for  this  purpose. 

Gideon  F.  Thayer,  Esq.,  submitted  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  unanimously  adopted:  — 

Kesolved,  —  That  the  committee  of  eighteen  by  which  this  meeting 
was  called  be  authorized  to  call  future  meetings  whenever  they  shall  deem 
it  necessary  or  expedient;  that  they  be  particularly  requested  to  take 
measures  in  due  time  for  a  general  gathering  of  the  Franklin  Medal 
Scholars  whenever  the  statue  shall  be  ready  to  be  inaugurated ;  and  that 
said  committee  have  power  to  fill  vacancies  and  to  enlarge  their  number. 

Joseph  Leeds,  Esq.,  a  medal  scholar  of  the  year  1810,  now 
resident  in  Philadelphia,  related  some  interesting  reminis- 
cences. In  the  course  of  his  speech  he  remarked  that  there 
is  no  monument  to  Franklin  in  Philadelphia,  the  city  of  his 
adoption. 

Hon.  James  Savage,  a  medal  scholar  of  the  year  1795, 
made  some  remarks,  which  were  listened  to  with  much 
interest. 

Hon.  William  Parmenter,  a  medal  scholar  of  the  year  1799, 
made  an  exceedingly  entertaining  speech.  He  said  that  his 
medal,  after  having  been  carefully  kept  many  years,  was  stolen 
a  short  time  since.  He  suggested  that  the  president  and  sec- 
retary of  the  meeting,  and  the  treasurer  of  the  contributions, 
be  authorized  to  style  any  contributor  a  medal  scholar  in  their 
certificate  when  they  should  be  satisfied  that  he  really  was  such, 


HISTORY    OF   THE    STATUE.  355 

without  the  evidence  of  the  medal.  This  was  agreed  to  by 
vote  of  the  meeting. 

Hon.  William  B.  Calhoun,  of  Springfield,  expressed  his 
pleasure  at  being  again  among  Boston  boys,  and  suggested  that 
there  should  be  a  festival  of  the  sons  of  Boston,  under  the 
auspices  of  the  medal  scholars. 

The  suggestion  evidently  met  with  favor,  and  was  referred 
to  the  committee  of  eighteen  aUuded  to  in  Mr.  Thayer's  reso- 
lution. 

One  of  the  happy  results  of  this  meeting  was  the  establish- 
ment, on  the  day  of  inauguration,  of  an  association,  of  which 
Hon.  Edward  Everett  is  president,  for  the  purpose  of  perpetu- 
ating the  common  bond  by  which  the  recipients  of  the  Franklin 
medals  are  united,  and  to  ensure  a  periodical  celebration  of 
Franklin's  birthday.  A  list  of  all  the  Medal  Schokrs  whose 
names  were  on  record,  prepared  by  Mr.  Charles  Coburn,  was 
exhibited  as  the  basis  of  a  full  catalogue. 

Meetings  of  other  societies,  equally  interesting,  were  held,  in 
view  of  aiding  the  project,  and  the  most  ardent  wishes  of 
the  Committee  were  realized.  Many  of  the  gentlemen  of  am- 
ple means  liberally  subscribed  large  amounts  without  delay, 
which  soon  put  to  rest  any  doubt  that  might  have  existed  as  to 
the  question  of  procuring  sufficient  funds  for  accomplishing  the 
undertaking. 

The  Finance  Committee,  through  its  sub-committee,  Messrs. 
Thorndike  and  King,  procured,  for  all  subscribers  of  one  dollar 
and  upwards,  blank  certificates  of  an  exceedingly  appropriate 
design.  The  vignette  was  drawn  by  Mr.  D.  C.  Johnson, 
and  engraved  in  a  superior  style,  by  the  New  England  Bank 
Note  Company.  It  is  owned  by  the  North  Bank,  and  the 
privilege  of  using  it  was  promptly  and  generously  given  by 
the  Board  of  Directors  to  the  Finance  Committee,  who,  in  con- 
sequence, were  enabled  to  issue  the  certificates  without  the 
usual  delay,  and  at  a  considerable  saving  of  expense.  It  rep- 


356  APPENDIX. 

resents  in  the  distance  a  familiar  view  of  the  city  of  Boston,  a 
railroad  train,  a  kite  in  the  air,  and  telegraphic  poles  and 
wires;  in  the  foreground,  "Science,"  is  represented  by  a  female 
figure,  reposing  one  hand  on  a  telegraphic  apparatus,  the  other 
supporting  a  medallion  of  Franklin,  against  which  leans  a  kite, 
with  its  string  and  key,  the  simple  apparatus  with  which  the 
great  philosopher  drew  the  lightning  from  the  clouds,  and  estab- 
lished its  identity  with  electricity,  —  thus  suggesting  a  beau- 
tiful analogy  between  the  kite  string  of  Franklin,  and  the 
telegraphic  wire  of  the  present  day. 

The  following  is  the  inscription,  the  signatures  being,  in  all 
instances,  engraved  fac-similes :  — 

"  Honor  to  the  memory  of  Benjamin  Franklin.     This  is  to  certify 

that  has  contributed dollars  towards  the  erection  of   a 

Statue  of  Benjamin  Franklin  in  his  native  city  of  Boston. 

F.  W.  LINCOLN,  Jr.,     ] 

Pres.  M.  c.  M.  Asso.   I  Executive 
ABBOTT  LAWRENCE,          r  Committee. 
ROBERT   C.  WINTHROP,  J 
OSMYN  BREWSTER,  Treasurer." 

The  Finance  Committee  issued  circular  letters  to  the  public 
and  private  schools,  similar  to  those  sent  to  associations ;  and, 
on  motion  of  Hon.  Stephen  Fairbanks,  appointed  Messrs. 
Charles  G.  King,  John  H.  Thorndike,  Nathaniel  B.  Shurtleff, 
and  the  secretary,  a  committee  to  visit  the  various  schools  and 
officers  of  the  societies  invited  to  cooperate.  Messrs.  J.  Inger- 
soll  Bowditch,  George  R.  Russell,  Thomas  P.  Cushing,  Daniel 
N.  Haskell  and  Theophilus  R.  Marvin  were  appointed  a  com- 
mittee to  take  measures  to  solicit  subscriptions  from  the  citizens 
generally,  and  from  such  societies  and  other  bodies  as  had  not 
already  been  referred  to  other  committees.  Messrs.  J.  H. 
Thorndike  and  the  secretary  were  appointed  a  committee  to 
propose  committees  from  merchants,  and  other  business  men; 
and  Messrs.  Osmyn  Brewster,  Theophilus  R.  Marvin  and  Henry 
W.  Dutton,  from  master  printers,  bookbinders,  and  booksellers. 


HISTORY    OF    THE   STATUE.  357 

In  order  to  secure  contributions  from  the  members  of  the 
public  schools,  the  following  resolve  and  order  were  offered 
in  the  Board  of  School  Committee,  by  Nathaniel  B.  Shurtleff, 
and  passed  on  the  seventh  of  February,  1854:  — 

Kesolved,  —  That  this  Board  cordially  approve  of  the  design  of  erect- 
ing a  suitable  monument  to  the  memory  of  Benjamin  Franklin,  in  the 
place  of  his  birth  and  early  education,  and  where  his  name  has  been  made 
peculiarly  dear  by  his  munificence  towards  its  most  cherished  institutions. 
Therefore, 

Ordered,  — That  Sec.  22,  of  Chap.  1,  of  the  Regulations  of  the  Pub- 
lic Schools  be  suspended  until  April  1st,  1854,  that  boxes  may  be  placed 
in  the  public  schools,  under  the  care  of  sub-committees,  for  the  purpose 
of  allowing  the  pupils  to  contribute  their  voluntary  offerings  towards 
defraying  the  expense  of  the  bronze  statue  of  Franklin,  that  is  to  be 
placed  in  some  conspicuous  position  in  this  city,  which  has  preeminently 
shared  in  the  benefits  of  the  grand  results  produced  by  the  labors,  wisdom 
and  benevolence  of  this  world-renowned  philosopher,  statesman,  patriot, 
and  philanthropist. 

The  committees  above  named"  attended  to  their  duties  faith- 
fully, and  in  a  short  time  the  amount  of  subscription  was  con- 
siderable, and  sufficient  to  warrant  the  Committee  on  Design 
to  proceed  in  the  discharge  of  the  duty  which  had  been  assigned 
to  them. 

On  the  sixth  day  of  June,  1854,  the  General  Committee 
held  a  meeting  in  one  of  the  smaller  rooms  of  the  Tremont 
Temple,  at  eight  o'clock  in  the  evening,  and  the  following 
members  were  present:  —  Messrs.  Lincoln,  Winthrop,  Law- 
rence, Harris,  Fairbanks,  Appleton,  Smith,  Brewster,  Shurt- 
leff, Kuhn,  Haskell,  Tufts,  Thorndike,  Wightman  and  Bates. 
The  Mayor  of  the  City,  Hon.  J.  V.  C.  Smith,  and  the  Presi- 
dent of  the  Common  Council,  Alexander  H.  Rice,  Esq.,  were 
also  in  attendance. 

Hon.  Mr.  Winthrop,  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Design 
and  Execution,  submitted  the  following  report:  — 


358  APPENDIX. 

The  Sub-Committee  on  the  subject  of  a  Design  for  the  Statue  of 
Franklin  beg  leave  to  report  as  follows :  — 

The  early  meetings  of  the  Committee  were  much  occupied  with  the 
question,  whether  the  Design  should  be  opened  to  competition  by  a  formal 
offer  of  premiums,  or  whether  the  Committee  should  select  an  artist,  in 
whom  they  might  have  confidence,  to  prepare  a  design  under  their  own 
advice  and  direction.  After  careful  deliberation  it  was  finally  decided, 
that  the  latter  course  was  liable  to  less  objection,  would  be  attended  with 
less  delay,  and  was  likely  to  result  in  better  success,  and  the  Committee 
thereupon  voted  to  select  an  artist  to  aid  them  in  the  preparation  of  a 
design. 

They  had  previously  come  to  the  understanding  that  the  statue  should 
be  an  American  work,  and,  as  far  as  possible,  a  Massachusetts  work, 
designed  and  executed  upon  the  soil  of  Massachusetts,  and  they  were 
desirous,  too,  that  Boston,  the  native  place  of  Franklin,  should  furnish 
the  artist. 

In  looking  about  for  a  person  to  fulfil  these  conditions,  they  were  at 
once  attracted  to  Mr.  Richard  S.  Greenough,  who,  though  bom  a  few 
miles  out  of  the  present  limits  of  our  city,  has  been,  in  all  his  associations 
and  from  his  earliest  childhood,  a  Bostonian,  and  who  has  given  recent, 
repeated,  and  abundant  evidences  of  his  genius  for  sculpture,  and  of  his 
capacity  to  execute  such  a  work  as  this.  They  found  Mr.  Greenough 
busily  engaged  in  preparing  his  exquisite  "Boy  and  Eagle"  for  being 
cast  in  bronze,  and  otherwise  much  occupied.  But  he  readily  entered  into 
the  views  of  the  Committee,  relinquished  the  work  on  which  he  was  im- 
mediately engaged,  and  proceeded,  at  once,  to  prepare  a  design  for  the 
statue  of  Franklin.  Three  gentlemen  of  the  Sub-Committee,  namely : 
Dr.  Bigelow,  Mr.  Wightman,  and  Mr.  T.  G.  Appleton,  were  designated 
to  advise  with  Mr.  Greenough  on  the  subject,  and,  after  much  consultation 
and  careful  study,  he  has  now  produced  a  statuette  and  a  pedestal  for  the 
inspection  and  approbation  of  the  Committee. 

The  Sub-Committee  on  Design  have  had  no  hesitation  in  approving 
and  accepting  the  statuette,  in  the  full  belief  that  nothing  more  appro- 
priate or  felicitous  could  be  proposed.  Some  changes  in  the  pedestal 
have  been  suggested  by  Mr.  Greenough  himself,  and  by  members  of  the 
Committee,  and  they  will  be  the  subject  of  further  consultation.  In  the 
mean  time,  as  gentlemen  of  the  Committee  are  likely  to  be  leaving  the 
city  for  the  summer,  and  as  it  may  be  difficult  to  procure  meetings  of  so 
large  a  number  for  some  months  to  come,  it  has  been  thought  desirable 


HISTORY    OF   THE   STATUE.  359 

that  full  powers  should  now  be  given  to  a  Sub-Committee  to  proceed  with 
the  work,  to  make  all  the  necessary  contracts,  and  to  draw  on  the 
Treasurer,  from  time  to  time,  for  such  amounts  as  may  be  necessary. 

With  this  view  the  design  of  Mr.  Greenough  is  now  presented  for  the 
approbation  of  the  General  Committee,  together  with  the  following  letter 
from  the  accomplished  artist  explanatory  of  its  character. 
For  the  Committee, 

ROBEKT  C.  WINTHROP,  Chairman. 
Boston,  June  6,  1854. 

On  motion  of  Nathaniel  B.  Shurtleff,  the  foregoing  report 
was  unanimously  accepted ;  Messrs.  Winthrop,  Lawrence,  Fair- 
banks, G.  G.  Smith,  Harris,  J.  V.  C.  Smith  and  Shurtleff 
advocating  its  adoption. 

The  letter  of  Mr.  Greenough,  referred  to  in  the  last  clause 
of  the  report,  was  as  follows : 

BOSTON,  MAY  23,  1854. 

My  dear  Sir :  —  In  presenting  the  study  model  for  a  monument  to 
Franklin,  I  beg  leave  to  call  your  attention  to  some  things  which  have 
materially  influenced  the  design. 

I  take  it  for  granted  that  the  strength  of  portraiture  lies  in  fidelity  of 
likeness  and  truth  of  character,  —  two  separate  statements  of  the  same 
essentials,  neither  existing  without  the  other. 

We  find  in  the  life  of  Franklin  that  he  passed  through  many  stations, 
his  character  developing  with  every  change.  Possessing  a  mind  capable 
of  absorbing  whatever  came  within  its  reach,  and  guided  by  a  faith  in 
truth,  he  soon  gained  the  confidence  of  his  countrymen,  and  soon  a  name 
as  a  philosopher,  a  statesman,  and  man  of  letters.  Of  the  many  acts  of 
his  life  I  do  not  find  any  one  that  stands  without  a  rival  as  the  character- 
istic act  of  the  man.  The  reason  is  obvious  ;  his  mind  was  too  rich,  and 
his  pursuits  too  liberal,  to  find  their  expression  in  a  single  act.  I  have 
accordingly  endeavored  to  treat  my  statue  in  harmony  with  his  character 
simply.  I  would  have  it  thoughtful,  dignified,  of  kindly  expression,  and 
unconscious.  In  pursuing  this  course  I  am  gratified  to  feel  that  the  same 
principle  was  observed  in  the  most  eminent  portrait  statues  of  antiquity. 
The  statues  of  Menander,  Demosthenes,  Sophocles  and  Agrippina  are 
signal  examples  in  support  of  simplicity,  always  winning  the  attention, 
because  they  do  not  appear  to  wish  "  to  be  seen  of  men." 


360  APPENDIX. 

I  might  say  much  more,  but  fear  to  trespass  upon  your  time,  in 
stating  what  may  be  self-evident. 

In  bas-relief  is  ample  scope  for  the  representation  of  the  leading 
events  of  Franklin's  life.  More  pictorial  than  "the  round,"  (as  all 
sculpture  is  technically  called  which  does  not  depend  upon  a  background 
for  support),  it  permits  compositions  otherwise  impossible.  The  four 
panels  upon  the  base,  measuring  about  three  feet  three  inches  square, 
will  enable  the  artist  to  illustrate  as  many  of  the  prominent  acts  of  Frank- 
lin's life,  presenting  a  series  of  interesting  historical  incidents,  and  intro- 
ducing portraits  of  several  of  the  distinguished  persons  with  whom  he 
was  associated.  Commencing  with  his  life  in  Boston,  I  would  suggest  as 
the  subject  of  the  first  bas-relief,  FRANKLIN  WORKING  HIS  PRESS  :  as 
the  second,  EXPERIMENT  IN  ELECTRICITY  :  for  the  third,  SIGNING  THE 

DECLARATION     OP     INDEPENDENCE  :    and    lastly,    CONCLUDING     THE    TREATY 

OF  PEACE,  the  crowning  act  to  which  so  much  of  his  life  was  devoted. 
By  this  means,  while  the  memory  will  be  awakened  to  the  importance  of 
his  services,  interest  in  the  statue  will  be  enhanced,  —  each  will  reflect 
upon  the  other.  As  it  is  important  that  the  work  be  completed  as 
speedily  as  is  consistent  with  faithful  execution,  I  would  propose  that  the 
bas-reliefs  be  entrusted  to  such  other  sculptor  or  sculptors  as  your  commit- 
tee think  capable. 

While  speaking  of  the  time  given  for  the  execution  of  the  work, 
allow  me  to  express  a  hope  that  there  will  be  a  generous  allowance.  The 
time  consumed  in  its  production  will  soon  be  forgotten,  but  the  character 
of  its  execution  will  always  be  apparent. 

With  regard  to  the  bronze  eagles  at  the  angles  of  the  pedestal,  T 
would  merely  remark,  that  although  not  essentials  to  the  design  they 
would  enrich  its  architectural  effect,  and  add  a  certain  state  appropriate  to 
a  civic  monument. 

In  conclusion,  allow  me  to  thank  you  for  the  courtesy  and  liberality 
with  which  your  tune  has  been  given  in  our  meetings  upon  this  subject, 
and  trusting  that  I  have  said  all  that  is  necessary  for  the  explanation  of 
my  general  views, 

I  remain,  dear  Sir,  respectfully  yours, 

RICHARD   S.  GREENOUGH. 
Hon.  ROBERT  C.  WINTHROP. 

Statements  from  other  committees,  especially  from  that  on 
finance,  represented  everything  in  connection  with  the  statue 


HISTORY    OF   THE   STATUE.  361 

as  in  a  fair   state  of  progress,  and  gave  encouragement  of 
entire  success. 

On  motion  of  John  H.  Thorndike,  Esq.,  the  following  votes 
were  submitted  for  the  action  of  the  Committee,  and  were 
unanimously  passed:  — 

Voted,  —  That  the  Committee  on  "Design  and  Construction"  he 
entrusted  with  full  powers  to  contract  for  the  execution  of  the  design  for 
the  statue  of  Franklin,  as  presented  in  the  statuette  hy  Mr.  Greenough, 
exhibited  this  evening. 

Voted,  —  That  they  he  instructed  to  make  all  necessary  arrange- 
ments for  a  pedestal  for  the  same,  and  that,  agreeably  to  Mr.  Greenough' s 
suggestion,  as  far  as  in  their  power,  the  "  bas-reliefs"  be  designed  by  dif- 
ferent American  artists. 

Voted,  —  That  the  Committee  on  Design  and  Construction  be  author- 
ized to  draw  upon  the  Treasurer  for  such  sums  of  money  as  may  be 
necessary  to  meet  their  engagements,  not  exceeding,  however,  the  amount 
he  may  have  received  for  this  purpose. 

At  the  request  of  Mr.  Winthrop,  and  on  his  motion,  it  was 

Voted,  —  That  the  Chairman  of  the  General  Committee,  (Mr.  Lin- 
coln,) and  the  Chairman  of  the  Finance  Committee,  (Mr.  Lawrence,) 
be,  by  virtue  of  their  offices,  members  of  the  Committee  on  Design. 

The  statuette  modelled  by  Mr.  Greenough,  and  exhibited 
by  the  Committee  on  Design,  was  intended  simply  as  a  rough 
and  unfinished  sketch,  to  convey  an  idea  of  what  the  artist 
proposed ;  and,  as  such,  it  met  with  the  decided  approbation 
of  the  members  of  the  General  Statue  Committee  who  were 
present  at  the  meeting. 

The  artist  having  thus  been  engaged  and  the  design  of  the 
statue  determined,  and  the  subscriptions  being  in  a  thriving 
way,  no  meeting  of  the  Statue  Committee  was  held  until  the 
next  anniversary  of  Franklin's  birth.  On  this  occasion,  being 
on  the  seventeenth  of  January,  1855,  the  Committee  met  in  the 


362  APPENDIX. 

evening  at  the  house  of  Hon.  Mr.  Winthrop,  in  Pemberton 
Square. 

There  were  present  at  this  meeting,  Messrs.  Lincoln,  Win- 
throp,  Lawrence,  Sears,  Harris,  G.  G.  Smith  Frothingham, 
Thorndike,  Brewster,  Kuhn,  Clark,  King,  Chickering,  Hooper, 
Wightman,  Marvin,  Bigelow,  Fairbanks  and  Bates,  members  of 
the  Statue  Committee,  and  also  the  following,  by  virtue  of 
their  respective  offices :  His  Honor,  J.  V.  C.  Smith,  Mayor  of 
the  City,  Joseph  Story,  Esq.,  President  of  the  Common  Coun- 
cil, Mr.  Charles  H.  Woodwell,  President  of  the  Franklin  Typo- 
graphical Society,  and  Mr.  William  F.  Chester,  President  of 
the  Mechanic  Apprentices  Library  Association. 

The  following  report  from  the  Committee  on  Design  was 
read  by  Hon.  Mr.  Winthrop,  and,  on  motion  of  Mr.  Wightman, 
was  accepted. 

The  Sub-Committee  appointed  to  procure  a  design,  and  to  superintend 
the  execution,  of  a  Statue  of  Benjamin  Franklin,  submit  the  following 
report : 

It  is  already  well  known  that  a  design  was  agreed  upon  by  this  Com- 
mittee, and  approved  by  the  General  Committee,  in  the  early  part  of  last 
summer.  Agreeably  to  the  authority  thereupon  conferred  upon  them, 
your  Committee  entered  at  once  into  a  contract  with  Mr.  Richard  S. 
Greenough,  of  this  city,  for  the  execution  of  the  statue.  The  contract 
bears  date  the  nineteenth  of  June  last,  and  provides  for  the  completion  of 
the  work  within  the  term  of  twenty-six  months  from  that  date.  This 
would  secure  the  delivery  of  the  statue  on  or  before  the  nineteenth  of 
August,  1856.  Mr.  Greenough,  however,  has  already  made  such  pro- 
gress in  his  moulding,  that  there  is  every  encouragement  to  believe  that 
the  next  anniversary  of  Franklin's  birthday,  (which  will  be  the  one  hun- 
dred and  fiftieth,)  will  find  it  not  far  from  finished.  There  can  be  no 
doubt  that  on  the  fourth  of  July,  1856,  or  on  some  other  suitable  day 
of  that  summer,  the  statue  will  be  in  readiness  to  be  placed  on  its  pedestal. 

It  is  to  be  cast  at  Chieopee,  by  Mr.  Ames,  and  will  thus  be  a  wholly 
American  work,  and,  indeed,  a  wholly  Massachusetts  work.  It  is  to  cost, 
when  finished,  the  sum  of  $10,000. 

The  bas-reliefs  for  the  base  have  not  yet  been  formally  contracted 
for,  —  but  measures  have  been  instituted  for  their  seasonable  preparation. 


HISTORY    OF   THE   STATUE.  t  363 

Two  of  them  will  probably  be  furnished  by  Mr.  Thomas  Ball,  of  Boston, 
and  the  other  two  by  Mr.  Greenough  himself,  and  all  of  them  are  to  be 
cast  either  at  Chicopee  or  in  Boston.  The  cost  of  the  four  bas-reliefs  will 
not  exceed  $3,500. 

The  Committee  have  received  proposals  for  the  foundation,  including 
the  granite  and  marble  work,  but  have  thought  best  to  defer  any  final 
contract  until  the  place  for  the  statue  shall  have  been  decided  upon. 
They  estimate  the  entire  cost  of  the  foundation  at  not  over  $3,000,  but  it 
may  be  safer  to  allow  for  one,  or  even  two  thousand  dollars  additional,  to 
meet  such  incidental  expenses  as  have  attended,  and  may  still  attend,  the 
progress  and  completion  of  the  work.  Among  these  incidental  expenses 
will  be  that  of  a  suitable  iron  fence  around  the  statue. 

Under  all  circumstances,  the  Committee  feel  confident  that  the  sum 
of  $18,500  will  cover  the  whole  cost  of  the  work  committed  to  them. 
Should  a  larger  sum,  however,  be  collected,  the  balance  may  be  fitly  em- 
ployed in  establishing  a  fund  to  provide  for  keeping  the  grounds  and 
fence  around  the  statue  in  proper  order  in  all  future  years. 

The  Committee  take  a  melancholy  pleasure,  on  this  occasion,  in 
acknowledging  their  obligation  to  the  late  venerable  Isaac  P.  Davis, 
whose  funeral  has  been  this  day  solemnized,  for  sundry  memorials  of 
Franklin  which  have  been  of  much  service  to  them  in  selecting  the 
designs  for  the  bas-reliefs.  They  have  also  been  indebted  to  the  Massa- 
chusetts Historical  Society  for  the  loan  of  the  suit  of  clothes  worn  by  the 
illustrious  Patriot  and  Philosopher  on  the  memorable  occasion  of  the 
signing  of  the  treaty  of  alliance  with  France,  in  1778.  These,  together 
with  the  model  of  the  statue,  are  now  submitted  for  the  examination  of 
the  Committee. 

For  the   Sub-Committee, 

ROBERT  C.  W1NTHROP,  Chairman. 

January   17,  1855. 

Hon.  Mr.  Lawrence,  from  the  Committee  on  Finance,  re- 
ported that  between  fifteen  and  sixteen  thousand  dollars  had 
been  subscribed  and  collected ;  and,  with  the  exception  of  what 
had  been  paid  out,  the  whole  amount  had  been  safely  invested 
at  interest.  This  amount  was,  in  the  opinion  of  the  Commit- 
tee, sufficient  for  the  completion  of  the  statue ;  but  that,  in 
order  to  mount  it  upou  a  proper  pedestal,  and  arrange  suitable 


364  APPENDIX. 

railings  and  accessories,  a  further  sum  of  about  four  thousand 
dollars  would  be  required,  and  that  this  amount  would  be 
called  for  from  the  public,  and,  undoubtedly,  cheerfully  con- 
tributed. 

This  report  was  enthusiastically  received,  and,  on  motion 
of  Isaac  Harris,  Esq.,  was  accepted. 

At  the  close  of  the  business  meeting,  the  Committee  were 
joined  by  several  other  gentlemen  interested  in  the  under- 
taking, who  attended  by  invitation  and  were  entertained  in  a 
most  cordial  manner. 

Two  miniature  models  of  the  statue  were  exhibited  to  the 
committee  and  company.  One  of  these  was  prepared  by  Mr. 
Greenough,  the  artist;  the  other  was  a  casting  in  bronze,  by 
Mr.  Ames,  of  Chicopee.  Both  of  the  models  elicited  high 
praise  from  the  company. 

There  was  also  exhibited  a  suit  of  silk  clothing  worn  by 
Franklin  at  Paris,  when  he  signed  the  treaty  of  alliance  with 
France,  in  1778,  belonging  to  the  Massachusetts  Historical 
Society. 

In  the  course  of  the  evening,  remarks  were  made  by  the 
Chairman  of  the  Statue  Committee,  Mr.  Lincoln,  and  by  Messrs. 
Wiuthrop,  Lawrence,  Chickering,  Harris,  Thorndike,  G.  G. 
Smith,  Hooper,  J.  V.  C.  Smith  and  Fairbanks.  The  subject 
of  a  proper  place  for  the  statue  was  discussed,  but  no  proposal 
to  determine  the  question  was  offered. 

The  condition  of  the  finances  amply  warranting  it,  the 
artist  proceeded  at  once  to  the  work  of  making  the  model 
from  which  the  mould  was  to  be  taken  for  the  bronze  cast- 
ing; and  so  expeditiously  was  this  portion  of  his  work  per- 
formed by  the  enthusiastic  artist,  that  in  the  latter  part  of 
the  month  of  May  the  large  model  was  sufficiently  in  form 
for  the  inspection  of  the  Committee. 

Consequently  the  Statue  Committee  held  a  meeting  at  the 
studio  of  Mr.  Greenough,  in  the  Tremont  Temple,  on  the  thir- 


HISTORY    OF   THE   STATUE.  365 

tietli  of  May,  1855.  There  were  present  at  this  meeting, 
Messrs.  Lincoln,  "Winthrop,  Lawrence,  Harris,  Sparks,  Sears, 
Prescott,  Appleton,  Hooper,  Wightman,  Tufts,  Cowdin  and 
King;  Joseph  Story,  Esq.,  President  of  the  Common  Coun- 
cil, and  Carlos  Pierce,  Esq.,  President  of  the  Mercantile 
Library  Association. 

Statements  were  made  concerning  the  progress  of  the  sub- 
scriptions, and  that  the  marble  and  granite  requisite  for  the 
pedestal  and  base  had  been  contracted  for. 

After  the  gentlemen  present  had  made  a  careful  exam- 
ination of  the  model,  Hon.  Jared  Sparks  submitted  the  fol- 
lowing motion:  — 

Voted,  —  That  the  Committee  entirely  approve  the  model  statue  of 
Franklin  now  on  exhibition. 

Remarks  in  support  of  the  motion  were  made  by  Messrs. 
Sparks,  Lawrence,  Sears,  Winthrop  and  Harris,  and  the  vote 
was  passed. 

On  motion  of  William  H.  Prescott,  Esq.,  it  was 

Voted,  —  That  the  day  when  the  statue  shall  be  inaugurated  be  deter- 
mined by  the  Committee  on  Design. 

The  decease  of  Hon.  Abbott  Lawrence,  who,  from  the  com- 
mencement of  the  undertaking  had  been  the  efficient  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  of  Finance,  made  it  necessary  for  that  Com- 
mittee to  choose  a  new  chairman.  At  a  meeting  held  on 
the  twelfth  of  October,  1855,  on  motion  of  Hon.  Osmyn  Brew- 
ster,  it  was  accordingly 

Voted,  —  That  the  Honorable  David  Sears  be  appointed  Chairman 
of  this  Committee,  in  place  of  the  late  Mr.  Lawrence. 

Hon.  Mr.  Sears  having  accepted  the  appointment  of  the 
Finance  Committee,  a  meeting  of  that  body  was  held  on  the 


366  APPENDIX. 

seventh  of  the  subsequent  November.  The  chairman  made  a 
verbal  statement,  exhibiting  the  condition  of  the  funds,  and 
expressing  a  desire  that  more  money  should  be  collected  in 
order  to  defray  the  expenses  of  the  pedestal  and  bas-reliefs. 
Whereupon,  on  motion  of  Hon.  Stephen  Fairbanks,  it  was 

Voted,  —  That  in  view  of  the  circumstances  of  the  times,  and  the 
fact  that  the  present  amount  of  funds  in  the  hands  of  the  treasurer  is 
insufficient  to  pay  the  cost  of  four  bas-reliefs,  this  committee  recom- 
mend that  only  one  has-relief  be  contracted  for,  and  placed  on  the  front 
of  the  pedestal ;  leaving  the  others  to  be  added  when  the  requisite  funds 
shall  be  obtained. 

On  motion  of  Daniel  N.  Haskell,  Esq.,  it  was 

Voted,  —  That  Messrs.  Robert  C.  Winthrop  and  Frederic  W.  Lin- 
coln, Jr.,  members  of  the  Executive  Committee,  be  ex  officio  members  of 
the  Finance  Committee. 

The  Statue  Committee  held  a  meeting  at  the  house  of  Hon. 
Robert  C.  Winthrop,  in  Pemberton  Square,  on  Thursday  even- 
ing, the  seventeenth  of  January,  1856,  it  being  the  one  hundred 
and  fiftieth  anniversary  of  Franklin's  birth.  The  attendance 
was  large,  the  following  members  of  the  General  Committee 
being  present :  —  Messrs.  Lincoln,  Sears,  Winthrop,  Quincy, 
Brewster,  Sparks,  Bigelow,  Appleton,  Harris,  Haskell,  Fair- 
banks, Stevenson,  Sargent,  Frothingham,  Shurtleff,  Wightman, 
Marvin,  Kuhn,  Hooper,  Tufts,  Chickering,  Darracott,  Thorn- 
dike,  Smith,  King,  Cowdin,  Clark  and  Bates.  In  addition  to 
the  above  were  His  Honor,  A.  H.  Rice,  Mayor  of  the  City, 
Carlos  Pierce,  Esq.,  President  of  the  Mercantile  Library  Asso- 
ciation, and  Charles  W.  G.  Mansfield,  Esq.,  President  of  the 
Franklin  Typographical  Society. 

Hon.  Mr.  Winthrop  presented  the  following  statement 
from  the  Committee  on  Design:  — 


HISTORY    OF   THE   STATUE.  367 

The  full  size  model  statue  of  Franklin  was  submitted  to  the  General 
Committee  by  the  artist  on  the  thirtieth  of  May  last,  and,  on  motion  of 
Mr.  Sparks,  was  unanimously  approved  and  adopted.  After  having  been 
detained,  for  a  few  weeks,  for  public  exhibition,  it  was  sent  by  the  artist 
to  Mr.  Ames,  at  Chicopee,  to  be  cast  in  bronze. 

Your  Committee  have  no  contract  for  the  statue  except  that  with 
Mr.  Greenough,  and,  by  the  terms  of  that  contract,  he  is  to  deliver  to  us 
a  statue  of  Franklin  in  bronze  on  or  before  the  nineteenth  day  of  August 
next,  —  that  being  just  twenty-six  months  after  the  date  of  our  original 
contract. 

The  Committee,  however,  have  the  satisfaction  of  knowing  that  con- 
siderable progress  has  been  made  in  the  casting,  and  that  the  statue  will 
be  in  readiness  quite  as  early  in  the  summer  as  can  be  desired.  The 
upper  half  has  already  been  cast,  and  is  in  process  of  being  finished. 
The  lower  half  will  probably  be  cast  in  the  course  of  a  few  weeks,  and 
should  no  unforeseen  impediment  present  itself,  the  whole  statue  may  be 
ready  for  its  pedestal  by  the  first  of  June. 

The  state  of  Mr.  Greenough's  health  and  engagements  has  called  him 
to  Europe,  but,  his  part  of  the  work  being  entirely  done,  there  can  be  no 
delay  or  injury  arising  out  of  his  absence. 

A  considerable  change  has  been  made  in  the  size  and  proportions  of 
the  pedestal,  since  it  was  originally  designed,  and  the  Committee  are 
satisfied  that  both  economy  and  elegance  have  been  promoted  by  the 
alteration. 

Drawings  of  the  pedestal  now  decided  upon  are  herewith  submitted. 
Separate  contracts  for  the  granite  and  marble  work  of  this  pedestal  have 
been  made.  The  granite  blocks  are  in  the  course  of  being  wrought,  and 
will  be  in  readiness  at  any  tune  at  which  they  could  possibly  be  wanted. 

Vexatious  delays  have  occurred  in  obtaining  the  Verd  Antique  mar- 
ble, but  the  Committee  have  at  length  obtained  satisfactory  assurance  that 
it  will  be  seasonably  furnished  and  prepared. 

The  Committee  have  entered  into  no  contracts  for  the  bas-reliefs.  At 
the  last  annual  meeting  it  was  understood  that  the  funds  already  collected 
would  not  suffice  for  the  four  bas-reliefs.  But  encouragement  of  the 
strongest  kind  was  given  that  the  amount  would  be  made  up  in  the  course 
of  the  summer.  The  protracted  illness  and  lamented  death  of  the  late 
excellent  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Finance,  (who  was  a  member  of 
the  Executive  Committee,  also,)  prevented  any  concerted  measures  being 
taken  by  that  Committee  until  the  state  of  the  season,  and  of  financial 


368  APPENDIX. 

affairs,  rendered  any  efforts  hopeless.  The  Committee  of  Finance,  there- 
fore, under  its  new  organization,  recommended  to  this  Committee,  on  the 
seventh  of  November,  that,  in  view  of  the  circumstances  of  the  times, 
and  of  the  present  amount  of  funds  in  the  hands  of  the  treasurer,  only 
one  bas-relief  should  be  contracted  for.  As  the  annual  meeting  was  not 
distant,  your  Committee  thought  it  safer  to  defer  the  subject  altogether. 

It  was  in  contemplation  that  two  of  the  bas-reliefs  should  be  furnished 
by  Mr.  Thomas  Ball,  and,  on  his  departure  for  Europe,  he  took  materials 
for  preparing  models  accordingly.  But  no  drawings  of  compositions  have 
yet  been  submitted  by  him,  and  the  Committee  would  not  have  felt  safe 
in  giving  orders  until  the  designs  had  been  previously  approved. 

It  is  for  the  General  Committee  now  to  decide  precisely  what  shall  be 
done ;  —  your  Sub-Committee  having  determined  from  the  first  to  enter 
into  no  contracts,  unless  by  express  order,  for  which  there  was  not  money 
actually  in  hand. 

The  four  bas-reliefs  might,  perhaps,  be  ordered  in  plaster,  and  there 
would,  probably,  be  a  sufficient  sum  to  pay  for  them,  —  leaving  the  cast- 
ing in  bronze  to  be  contracted  for  hereafter,  whenever  the  funds  for  this 
specific  purpose  should  have  been  raised. 

The  cost  of  the  four,  entirely  finished,  was  estimated  at  $3,500. 
$3,200  would  probably  be  sufficient.  Of  this  sum  about  one  half  would 
be  the  cost  of  casting.  Four  hundred  dollars  apiece,  or  at  most,  five 
hundred,  would  pay  for  the  composition  and  moulding. 

The  statue  and  pedestal  will  make  a  perfect  work  by  themselves,  and 
may  be  set  up  without  any  regard  to  the  bas-reliefs.  Your  Committee, 
however,  are  very  reluctant  to  abandon  the  plan  of  portraying  the  great 
features  of  Franklin's  history  in  the  manner  proposed.  And  they  con- 
sider it  due  particularly  to  the  mechanic  interest,  and  to  the  people  of 
Boston,  that  he  should  be  presented  in  the  only  relation  which  he  ever 
held  to  Boston  as  a  permanent  resident,  namely,  that  of  the  printer's 
apprentice  at  his  press. 

At  the  meeting  of  the  third  of  May,  it  was  voted  that  the  Committee 
on  Design  should  fix  the  day  for  the  inauguration  of  the  statue.  No  action 
has  yet  been  had  on  this  point.  The  seventeenth  of  June  and  the  fourth 
of  July  suggest  themselves  as  obviously  appropriate  occasions.  If  any- 
thing should  delay  the  statue  until  the  full  expiration  of  Mr.  Greenough's 
contract,  (the  seventeenth  of  August,)  the  seventeenth  of  September, 
the  birthday  of  Boston,  or  the  third  of  September,  when  the  definitive 
treaty  of  peace  and  independence  was  signed  by  Franklin  and  his  col- 


HISTORY    OF   THE    STATUE.  369 

leagues,  may  be  adopted.  The  locality  of  the  statue  must  first,  however, 
be  decided  upon,  and  that  subject  has  not  yet  been  delegated  to  any 
committee  less  than  the  whole  number. 

In  conclusion,  the  Executive  Committee  have  the  gratification  of  offer- 
ing to  the  inspection  of  the  Committee  generally,  a  beautiful  copy  of  the 
model  as  finally  perfected  by  Mr.  Greenough,  reduced  to  a  quarter  size, 
and  executed  by  Miss  Florence  Freeman,  of  this  city.  While  it  reflects 
the  highest  credit  upon  the  accomplished  young  lady  by  whom  it  was 
moulded,  it  furnishes,  also,  a  perfect  fac-simile,  in  everything  but  size,  of 
the  statue,  as  it  will  come  from  the  foundry  in  Springfield. 

Whereupon,  on  motion  of  Dr.  Jacob  Bigelow,  the  report  was 
unanimously  accepted,  and  ordered  to  be  placed  on  file. 

Hon.  Mr.  Sears,  from  the  Committee  of  Finance,  made  a 
detailed  report,  showing  that,  although  the  funds  so  promptly 
and  generously  subscribed  were  ample  for  the  completion  of 
the  statue,  they  were  not  sufficient  for  the  casting  of  the  four 
tablets  in  bas-relief  representing  prominent  scenes  in  Frank- 
lin's life,  designed  for  the  sides  of  the  pedestal ;  and  that  the 
Committee  had  prudently  voted  to  enter  upon  no  contracts 
beyond  their  resources. 

Col.  Thomas  E.  Checkering  feelingly  alluded  to  the  recent 
bereavement  of  the  Committee  in  the  decease  of  their  late 
associate,  Hon.  Abbott  Lawrence,  who  had  served  very 
efficiently  as  the  Chairman  of  the  Committee  of  Finance,  and 
offered  the  following  resolution,  which,  on  motion  of  Hon. 
Stephen  Fairbanks  was  unanimously  passed,  every  member  sig- 
nifying his  approval  and  respect  to  the  memory  of  the  deceased 
by  rising  in  their  seats:  — 

Resolved,  —  That  we  miss  on  this  occasion,  with  the  deepest  regret, 
the  familiar  and  genial  presence  of  our  late  honored  and  beloved  fellow 
citizen,  Abbott  Lawrence,  who  had  taken  the  liveliest  and  most  active 
interest  in  the  work  committed  to  us,  and  whose  services,  as  one  of  the 
Executive  Committee,  and  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  of  Finance,  have 
been  so  valuable  in  securing  its  successful  completion. 

47 


370  APPENDIX. 

Several  vacancies  having  occurred  in  the  General  Com- 
mittee, by  the  decease  of  Hon.  Abbott  Lawrence  and  Thomas 
P.  Gushing,  Esq.,  from  the  portion  selected  from  the  citi- 
zens at  large,  and  of  Mr.  Kimball  Gibson  from  the  mem- 
bers of  the  Mechanic  Association,  and  by  the  declining  of 
another  person  to  serve,  it  was,  on  motion  of  Hon.  Mr. 
Winthrop, 

Voted,  —  That  the  vacancies  existing  in  the  General  Committee  be 
filled. 

Whereupon,  Messrs.  James  Lawrence  and  G.  Howland 
Shaw  were  chosen  on  the  part  of  the  citizens  at  large,  and 
Messrs.  Benjamin  Loring  and  L.  Miles  Standish  on  the  part  of 
the  Association. 

The  President  of  the  Board  of  Trade  was  also  added,  as 
an  ex  officio  member  of  the  Committee. 

The  vacancies  having  been  thus  filled,  and  the  several  addi- 
tions having  been  made  to  the  Committee,  the  body  was  from 
that  time  designated  as  the  "  Committee  of  Fifty "  or  the 
"Franklin  Statue  Committee." 

Conversation  having  arisen  as  to  a  suitable  site  for  the 
statue,  at  the  suggestion  of  Isaac  Harris,  Esq.,  an  expression 
of  the  opinion  of  the  Committee  was  taken  by  an  informal 
vote;  whereupon,  it  appeared  that  the  first  choice  of  thirty 
persons  was  as  follows :  — 

For  the  square  in  front  of  City  Hall,  12 

For  the  Common,  near  West  Street,  8 

For  Pemberton  Square,  4 

For  the  place  in  front  of  the  State  House,  3 
For  the  square  in  front  of  Scollay's  Building,  1 
For  State  Street,  1 

For  Franklin  Place,  1 

Other  places  were  spoken  of  as  second  choices,  such  as  the 
Common  opposite  the  new  library  building,  and  opposite  Win- 
ter Street;  and  Haymarket  Square. 


HISTORY    OF    THE   STATUE.  371 

Without  taking  any  definite  action,  the  whole  subject  was 
referred  to  a  Committee  consisting  of  Messrs.  Lincoln,  Sears, 
Winthrop,  Sparks,  Appleton,  Fairbanks,  and  Hooper,  who 
were  requested  to  consider  the  subject  and  report. 

Hon.  Jared  Sparks  offered  some  interesting  remarks  on  the 
subject  of  the  bas-reliefs,  and  urged  the  importance  of  pro- 
viding the  whole  number  originally  intended ;  whereupon  it  was 
unanimously 

Resolved,  —  That  the  Executive  Committee  be  instructed  to  contract 
for  the  composition  of  the  whole  number  of  bas-reliefs  originally  intended 
for  the  statue ;  leaving  them  to  be  cast  in  bronze  when  the  means  shall 
be  provided. 

In  addition  to  the  many  beautiful  and  elegant  objects  which 
are  the  permanent  adornments  of  Mr.  Wiuthrop's  drawing- 
rooms,  a  statuette  of  the  Franklin  statue  was  exhibited  of 
exceeding  beauty  and  delicacy  of  finish.  It  was  executed, 
under  the  eye  of  Mr.  Greenough,  by  a  young  lady  of  this  city, 
Miss  Florence  Freeman. 

After  partaking  of  the  bountiful  repast  provided  by  Mr. 
Winthrop,  the  meeting  was  dissolved. 

On  the  afternoon  of  the  seventeenth  of  April,  1856,  the 
Franklin  Statue  Committee  held  a  meeting  in  the  Mayor's 
Room  in  City  Hall,  at  which  were  present,  Messrs.  Lin- 
coln, Winthrop,  Fairbanks,  Appleton,  Smith,  Shurtleff,  Clark, 
Hooper,  Lawrence,  Standish,  Haskell,  Thorndike,  King,  Bige- 
low,  Loring,  Brewster  and  Bates,  of  the  General  Commit- 
tee, and,  also,  His  Honor  the  Mayor,  and  Messrs.  Beebe  and 
Woodwell,  ex  officio  members. 

The  Sub-Committee  which  was  appointed  on  the  seven- 
teenth of  January,  to  consider  and  report  upon  a  suitable  loca- 
tion for  the  statue,  submitted,  through  Hon.  Mr.  Winthrop, 
the  following  resolution :  — 


372  APPENDIX. 

Resolved,  —  That  the  square  in  front  of  the  City  Hall,  in  School 
Street,  be  the  site  for  the  statue  of  Franklin,  provided  satisfactory 
arrangements  for  its  security  can  be  made  with  the  city  authorities,  by 
the  committee  of  seven  appointed  at  the  meeting  on  the  seventeenth 
of  January. 

On  motion  of  Hon.  Mr.  Brewster  the  resolution  was 
adopted,  receiving  the  unanimous  vote  of  the  persons  present. 

Hon.  Mr.  Winthrop  then  offered  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  also  adopted  without  a  dissenting  vote:  — 

Resolved,  —  That  the  seventeenth  day  of  September  next,  be  the 
day  for  inaugurating  the  statue ;  and  that  the  same  committee  make 
preparations  for  a  becoming  ceremonial  on  the  occasion,  with  authority  to 
appoint  any  sub-committees  which  may  become  necessary  from  the  com- 
mittee at  large. 

It  was  proposed  at  first  to  amend  this  resolution,  by  adding 
to  it  a  formal  request  that  Mr.  Winthrop  deliver  an  inaugural 
address  on  the  occasion ;  but,  at  his  desire,  the  whole  subject 
was  left  to  the  Committee. 

At  this  meeting  it  was  announced  that  the  statue  had  been 
cast,  and,  though  in  an  unfinished  state,  was  ready  for  in- 
spection by  the  committee,  and  a  considerable  number  of  the 
members  proceeded  to  the  Chicopee  foundry  the  next  day  to 
examine  it. 

The  Sub-Committee  of  seven,  on  the  twenty-fifth  of  the  same 
month,  made  a  communication  to  His  Honor,  Mayor  Rice,  which 
was  transmitted  by  him,  on  the  twenty-eighth,  to  the  City  Coun- 
cil, and  met  with  a  favorable  reception ;  a  full  detail  of  which 
will  be  found  on  the  preceding  pages  of  the  Memorial. 

On  the  last  mentioned  day,  the  Finance  Committee  held  a 
meeting,  at  which  James  Lawrence  and  G.  Rowland  Shaw, 
Esquires,  were  chosen  to  fill  existing  vacancies.  At  this  meet- 
ing, on  motion  of  John  H.  Thorndike,  Esq.,  it  was 


HISTORY    OF   THE   STATUE.  373 

Voted,  —  That  the  Executive  Committee  be  requested  to  consider 
the  expediency  of  preparing  for  publication  a  history  of  the  statue 
of  Franklin,  and  the  proceedings  of  the  Committee  charged  with  its 
construction. 

Preparatory  to  the  inauguration  of  the  statue,  the  Com- 
mittee of  Fifty  held  a  meeting  on  the  afternoon  of  Tuesday, 
the  ninth  day  of  September,  1856.  The  following  named 
members  of  the  committee  were  present:  —  Messrs.  Lincoln, 
Wiuthrop,  Fairbanks,  Brewster,  Bigelow,  Shurtleff,  Hooper, 
Harris,  Smith,  Lawrence,  Cowdin,  Thorndike,  Loring,  Has- 
kell,  Tufts,  Clark,  King,  Standish,  Kuhn,  Blanchard  and 
Bates ;  and,  also,  James  M.  Beebe,  Esq.,  the  President  of  the 
Board  of  Trade,  the  President  of  the  Mechanic  Apprentices 
Library  Association,  and  the  President  of  the  Franklin  Typo- 
graphical Society. 

The  sub-committee  of  seven  reported  the  result  of  their 
commission,  presenting  a  copy  of  their  letter  to  the  Mayor, 
and  the  subsequent  action  thereon  by  the  City  Council,  together 
with  the  order  of  exercises  for  the  inauguration;  and  the 
report  was,  on  motion  of  Mr.  Harris,  accepted,  and  the  action 
of  the  committee  unanimously  approved. 

It  having  been  stated  at  the  meeting  that  most  of  the  socie- 
ties and  associations  would  appear  in  the  procession  with  some 
distinguishing  mark,  on  motion  of  Hon.  Stephen  Fairbanks, 
it  was 

Voted,  —  That  the  Secretary  be  authorized  to  procure  and  send  to 
each  member  of  the  Committee  a  badge,  to  be  worn  on  the  occasion, 
with  the  words,  "  Franklin  Statue  Committee  "  printed  upon  it. 

Messrs.  Lincoln,  Winthrop,  Sears,  Hooper,  Brewster  and 
Thorndike,  were  appointed  a  committee  with  full  powers  to 
examine  the  statue  after  its  arrival  in  Boston,  and,  if  in  their 
opinion  satisfactory,  then  formally  to  approve  and  accept  the 
same. 


374  APPENDIX. 

This  last  service  was  duly  performed  by  Messrs.  Hooper 
and  Thorndike,  in  behalf  of  the  committee  and  at  their 
request,  previous  to  the  inauguration  of  the  statue. 

The  statue  was  brought  to  the  city  on  Friday,  the  twelfth 
day  of  September,  and,  under  the  direction  of  the  same  gen- 
tlemen, was  placed  upon  its  pedestal  early  the  next  morning, 
properly  encased  and  hidden  from  view  until  the  signal  was 
given,  during  the  inaugural  services,  for  its  being  unveiled. 

The  statue  having  thus  been  inaugurated  on  the  seven- 
teenth of  September,  1856,  nothing  now  remains  for  the  com- 
pletion of  the  duty  assigned  to  the  committee,  except  the 
preparation  and  insertion  of  the  bas-reliefs  in  the  four  sides 
of  the  pedestal.  This  portion  of  the  work  is  in  such  a  sat- 
isfactory state  of  progress  that  it  is  hoped  that  the  final  duties 
of  the  Statue  Committee  will  be  terminated  before  another 
birthday  of  the  great  Bostonian. 

DESCRIPTION    OF    THE    STATUE. 

The  statue  is  eight  feet  in  height,  and  is  cast  in  bronze  of 
a  rich,  golden  color.  Franklin  is  represented  in  the  costume 
of  the  age  in  which  he  lived,  the  dress  being  modelled  from 
that  belonging  to  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society,  and 
which  was  worn  by  the  great  original  while  at  the  court 
of  France,  and  has  the  appearance  of  being  trimmed  with 
fur,  a  kind  of  ornament  very  much  used  by  Franklin  in 
his  advanced  life.  The  attitude  of  the  figure  is  easy,  and 
yet  exhibits  a  firm  and  manly  form.  Under  the  left  arm  is 
held  a  continental  hat,  while  the  right  hand  holds  a  rep- 
resentation of  the  old  crab-tree  walking  stick  which  Franklin 
bequeathed  to  Washington,  with  such  honorable  mention  in  his 
last  will.  The  foundation  of  the  statue  is  from  the  picture  of 
Duplessis,  the  form  and  lineaments  of  the  head  and  face  being 
taken  from  the  original  bust  by  Houdon,  once  the  valued  prop- 
erty of  Jefferson,  but  now,  by  the  gift  of  Joseph  Coolidge,  Esq., 


DESCRIPTION    OF   THE   STATUE.  375 

one  of  the  choice  treasures  of  the  Boston  Athenaeum.  The 
expression  of  the  face  is  singularly  placid  and  benignant,  while 
at  the  same  time  it  is  thoughtful  and  dignified,  and  seemingly 
unconscious  of  the  public  gaze.  The  personification  of  the 
great  original  is  not  so  much  that  of  the  renowned  statesman 
and  practical  philosopher,  as  of  the  man  and  citizen,  in  the 
simple  repose  of  virtue  and  honesty,  bearing  the  marks  of  true 
mental  greatness.  The  base  of  the  bronze  which  supports  the 
statue  has  cut  upon  its  western  face  the  words  "  R.  S.  Green- 
ough  fecit,"  and  upon  the  easterly  face  an  inscription  denoting 
that  the  cast  was  made  by  the  Ames  Manufacturing  Company 
of  Chicopee. 

The  statue  stands  upon  a  beautiful  pedestal,  wrought  from 
Verd  Antique  marble,  and  supported  upon  a  granite  basement, 
both  designed  by  Henry  Greenough,  Esq.,  a  brother  of  the 
artist  of  the  statue. 

The  basement  upon  which  the  pedestal  is  placed  is  formed 
of  two  blocks  of  massive  Quincy  granite.  The  lower,  or 
foundation  stone,  is  about  seven  feet  square,  and  the  upper 
about  six  feet  square ;  both  together  being  four  and  one  half 
feet  in  height.  The  four  faces  of  the  granite  have  the  follow- 
ing inscriptions: 

On  the  south  side,  fronting  School  street, 
BENJAMIN   FRANKLIN, 

BORN   IN   BOSTON,   17   JANUARY,   1706. 
DIED     IN    PHILADELPHIA,    17     APRIL,    1790. 

On  the  North  side,  fronting  the  City  HaU, 

ERIPUIT    CCELO   FULMEN   SCEPTRUMQUE   TYRANNIS. 

On  the  east  side, 

DECLARATION    OF   AMERICAN   INDEPENDENCE, 
4    JULY,   1776. 


376  APPENDIX. 

And  on  the  west  side, 

THE   TREATY   OF  PEACE  AND   INDEPENDENCE, 
3  SEPTEMBER,  1783. 

The  pedestal,  which  stands  upon  the  granite  basement,  is 
constructed  in  three  parts,  neatly  jointed  with  each  other,  and 
secured  together  by  strong  cement.  The  material  is  Yerd 
Antique  marble,  and  was  obtained  from  the  quarries  in  the 
town  of  Roxbury,  in  the  state  of  Vermont.  The  base  meas- 
ures four  feet  six  and  one  half  inches  square,  and  one  foot  in 
height,  and  is  composed  of  several  members  —  plinth,  torus, 
fillet,  and  cavetto,  the  latter  connecting  it  with  the  die.  The 
die  is  four  feet  square,  horizontally  measured,  and  three  feet 
and  six  inches  in  height ;  and  it  contains  on  each  of  its  four 
faces  a  sunken  panel,  for  the  four  bronze  bas-reliefs,  which  are 
hereafter  to  be  inserted  in  their  places  when  completed.  The 
bas-reliefs  have  been  assigned  to  two  different  artists,  and  will 
represent  prominent  scenes  in  the  life  and  public  career  of 
Franklin ;  the  one  in  front  will  exhibit  Franklin  at  his  press, 
and  will  be  executed  at  the  expense  of  the  Massachusetts 
Charitable  Mechanic  Association;  the  one  in  the  back  panel 
will  show  Franklin  and  his  kite  drawing  electricity  from  the 
clouds ;  the  third,  for  the  eastern  panel,  will  represent  Frank- 
lin signing  the  Declaration  of  Independence ;  and  the  fourth, 
for  the  remaining  panel,  will  present  Franklin  signing  the 
definitive  treaty  of  peace  and  independence  with  Great 
Britain.  The  two  former  are  to  be  executed  by  Richard 
S.  Greenough,  Esq.;  the  two  latter  by  Thomas  Ball,  Esq., 
a  resident  Bostonian,  who  has  already  acquired  an  enviable 
reputation  as  an  artist.  The  cap  measures  four  feet  eight  and 
one  half  inches  on  each  of  its  four  sides,  and  one  foot  in 
height;  and  is  composed  of  fillet,  ovolo,  facia,  apophyges  and 
fillet,  forming  the  abacus,  six  inches  high ;  and  a  flat  chamfer 
above  the  abacus,  united  by  a  quick  curve,  at  a  depth  of 
thirteen  and  one  quarter  inches,  to  a  shaft  two  feet  and  six 


NOTICE   OF    THE   ARTIST.  377 

inches  square,  for  the  base  of  the  statue,  takes  up  the  remain- 
ing six  inches.  The  connecting  joints  of  the  three  parts  of 
the  pedestal,  are  above  the  fillet  of  the  cap,  and  below  the 
fillet  of  the  base,  thereby  making  it  necessary  that  these 
fillets  should  be  raised  in  the  stone  of  which  the  die  is 
formed,  and  with  which  they  are  connected  by  graceful  curves. 
The  abacus  is  exactly  of  the  same  size  as  the  fillets,  (three 
quarters  of  an  inch,)  and  shows,  with  them,  the  high  finish  and 
cohesive  quality  of  the  marble.  The  whole  height  of  the 
pedestal  is  five  feet  and  six  inches.  The  Yerd  Antique  used 
for  its  construction  weighed  about  twelve  tons  when  taken 
from  the  quarry,  and  about  ten  tons  when  worked.  It  was 
wrought  into  form  by  Joseph  Carew,  Esq.,  at  his  workshop 
in  Harrison  Avenue,  who  is  deserving  of  much  praise  for 
the  artistic,  faithful  and  prompt  manner  in  which  he  per- 
formed the  very  arduous  and  important  work. 

The  basement  and  pedestal  occupying  about  ten  feet  in 
height,  the  whole  elevation  of  the  statue,  with  its  support,  is 
about  eighteen  feet. 


NOTICE    OF    THE    ARTIST. 

The  following  facts  relating  to  the  personal  history  of  the 
accomplished  sculptor,  by  whose  artistic  skill  the  statue  of 
Franklin  has  been  produced,  are  derived  from  authentic 
sources ;  and  it  is  hoped  that  the  propriety  of  giving  to  the 
public  a  brief  outline  of  the  life  and  labors  of  the  young  and 
gifted  artist  will  not  be  questioned,  nor  considered  as  tres- 
passing too  much  upon  the  sacred  privacy  of  one  who  has  so 
indelibly  connected  himself  with  the  fine  arts  of  his  home  j  and 
especially,  when  given  in  connection  with  the  history  and 
description  of  one  of  his  principal  works^  which  has  become 
now  one  of  the  historical  landmarks  of  the  city  of  his  edu- 
cation. 


48 


378  APPENDIX. 

Richard  Saltonstall  Greenough,  Esq.,  was  born  at  Jamaica 
Plain,  Roxbury,  Mass.,  on  the  twenty-seventh  of  April,  1819. 
He  is  the  youngest  of  eleven  children,  (five  sons  and  six 
daughters,)  of  David  and  Elizabeth  Greenough.  In  boyhood 
he  gave  strong  indications  of  a  taste  and  capacity  for  the  fine 
arts,  particularly  by  his  love  of  music,  which  was  developed  at 
a  remarkably  early  period  of  life ;  for  before  he  could  speak 
plainly  he  frequently  sung  simple  ballads  in  perfect  time  and 
tune,  to  an  accompaniment  played  on  the  piano  by  his  sisters. 
A  correct  ear  for  time  and  tune,  and  the  enjoyment  of  musical 
harmony  has  been  considered  by  good  judges  as  among  the 
strongest  evidences  of  an  artistic  organization.  Bartolini,  the 
late  celebrated  Florentine  sculptor,  whenever  a  young  pupil 
was  presented  to  him  for  instruction,  instead  of  examining 
specimens  of  what  he  had  done,  used  to  ask  the  lad  to  whistle 
some  tune  he  was  familiar  with,  and  if  the  trial  showed  a  cor- 
rect ear,  he  would  say,  "  You  have  the  capacity,  if  you  choose 
to  study." 

During  his  father's  residence  at  Jamaica  Plain,  Mr.  Green- 
ough was  placed  at  the  school  of  Mr.  Charles  W.  Greene ;  and 
on  the  removal  of  the  family  to  Boston  he  entered  the  public 
Latin  school,  where  he  remained  until  he  had  attained  the  age 
of  about  seventeen  years.  At  this  time,  having  declined  a  col- 
lege education,  for  which  he  was  amply  prepared,  he  was 
placed  by  his  father  in  the  counting-room  of  two  elder  brothers, 
who  were  then  in  active  business  as  commission  merchants,  in 
Boston ;  and  it  is  a  curious  coincidence,  that  his  Excellency, 
Governor  Gardner,  who  was  present  officially  at  the  inaugura- 
tion of  Greenough's  statue  of  Franklin,  was  also  at  the  same 
time  in  the  same  mercantile  house. 

Although  carefully  attentive  to  his  duties  during  the  time 
spent  with  his  brothers,  he  began,  especially  during  the  last 
year  of  that  time,  to  show  a  strong  inclination  for  the  pro- 
fession which  he  afterwards  chose.  Much  of  his  time  was 
spent  in  modelling  and  drawing.  The  example  of  his  elder 


NOTICE   OF   THE   ARTIST.  379 

brother,  Horatio,  the  advantages  of  hearing  matters  relating  to 
art  daily  discussed  at  home,  and  a  consequent  familiarity  with 
the  requirements  of  art,  spared  him  the  necessity  of  blindly 
groping  his  way,  or  misdirecting  his  studies.  His  progress  was 
steady  and  healthful.  In  1836  his  father  died,  and  in  1837-8 
young  Richard,  being  now  at  the  age  of  eighteen  or  nineteen, 
an  age  when  he  might  be  supposed  capable  of  choosing  his 
path  in  life,  his  brothers  decided  to  send  him  to  Europe,  to 
pursue  the  profession  of  sculpture,  under  the  guidance  of  his 
well  known  brother,  Horatio.  He  accordingly  embarked  in  a 
vessel  bound  from  Boston  to  Trieste.  After  visiting  Venice 
he  proceeded,  by  that  most  charming  of  routes,  through  Padua, 
Ferrara  and  Bologna,  to  Florence.  Here  he  immediately  com- 
menced a  regular  course  of  study,  drawing  and  modelling  from 
life,  and  studying  anatomy.  In  the  rich  galleries  of  Flor- 
ence, and  the  numerous  studios  of  eminent  artists,  he  daily 
breathed  that  atmosphere  of  art  for  which  genius  pines  and 
withers  elsewhere.  His  health,  however,  began  to  fail  in  the 
course  of  a  year,  and  he  returned  to  Boston,  where  he  soon 
regained  his  health,  and  resumed  his  studies.  The  first  work 
which  recommended  him  to  the  public,  was  a  marble  bust  of 
William  H.  Prescott,  Esq.,  the  historian,  casts  of  which  are  so 
common  in  Boston.  From  this  time  he  was  constantly  em- 
ployed in  executing  portraits  or  fancy  heads,  and  occasionally 
a  statuette. 

In  the  year  1848,  having  married  two  or  three  years  pre- 
viously, he  embarked  for  Europe,  with  his  wife.  He  remained 
in  Florence  only  six  or  seven  months,  and  thence  proceeded  to 
Rome,  where  he  established  himself  for  four  or  five  years. 
While  at  Rome  he  was  constantly  employed.  Among  his 
works  at  this  time  might  be  mentioned  numerous  portraits  in 
marble,  a  statue  of  Cupid  warming  an  icicle  with  his  torch, 
now  in  the  possession  of  John  A.  Lowell,  Esq.,  and  the  model 
of  a  group  representing  the  struggle  of  a  shepherd  boy  with 
an  eagle  whose  nest  he  had  robbed.  The  plaster  model  of  this 


380  APPENDIX. 

group  received  its  finishing  touches  in  Boston,  whither  he 
returned  in  September,  1853.  On  its  completion  it  was  cast 
in  bronze  at  Chicopee,  Mass.,  at  the  foundry  of  Messrs.  Ames, 
and  was  exhibited  at  the  Boston  Athenasum  gallery. 

The  success  of  this  work  probably  induced  the  Franklin 
Statue  Committee  to  apply  to  him  for  a  design  of  the  statue. 
This  was  immediately  modelled,  and  a  contract  was  made  for 
the  statue.  On  its  completion  Mr.  Greenough  returned  to 
Europe,  and  established  himself  in  Paris,  where  he  is  now 
engaged  in  executing  several  commissions,  the  principal  one  of 
which  is  a  marble  statue  of  John  Winthrop,  under  whose  lead 
as  Governor,  the  Company  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay,  with  the 
original  charter,  was  transferred  to  New  England  in  1630, 
which  is  to  be  placed  in  the  chapel  at  Mount  Auburn. 

Two  of  Mr.  Greenough's  brothers,  Horatio  and  John,  have 
been  favorably  known  to  the  public  by  their  skill  in  sculpture 
and  painting,  and  their  early  deaths  have  been  greatly  lamented. 
Another  brother,  Henry,  has  made  himself  distinguished  by  his 
well  known  good  taste  in  architecture  and  the  kindred  arts. 
Long  may  the  life  of  the  artist  of  the  Franklin  statue  be 
spared  to  earn  new  laurels,  and  enrich  his  native  state  with 
choice  works  of  genius  and  art,  and  imperishable  memorials  of 
illustrious  benefactors  of  the  human  race. 


LETTERS    IN    ANSWER    TO    INVITATIONS. 

Invitations  to  attend  the  ceremonies  of  inauguration  of  the 
statue  were  sent  to  the  descendants,  and  many  of  the  relatives 
of  Franklin,  and  to  distinguished  persons  in  various  parts  of 
the  United  States  who  had  exhibited  peculiar  interest  in  raising 
a  memorial  to  his  memory,  and  also  to  the  city  authorities  of 
Philadelphia,  the  city  of  his  early  choice  and  adoption,  and  in 
which  he  passed  a  large  portion  of  his  maturer  years,  and 
where  he  acquired  his  fame  for  industry,  for  the  practical  vir- 


REPLIES    TO    INVITATIONS.  381 

tues,  for  philosophical  investigations,  and  for  patriotism  and 
statesmanship.  It  was  deeply  regretted  that  circumstances 
which  could  not  have  been  foreseen  prevented  the  seasonable 
transmission  and  reception  of  some  of  the  invitations,  and  that 
the  occasion  was  deprived  of  the  presence  of  more  than  one 
of  the  nearest  relatives  of  Franklin  by  the  accident  of  a  mis- 
taken address.  By  a  letter  received  from  Hon.  William  J. 
Duane  soon  after  the  festival,  it  appeared  that  nothing  but 
such  an  accident  had  prevented  the  oldest  surviving  descend- 
ant of  Franklin,  with  her  husband,  from  being  present.  The 
following  letters  were  among  the  answers  received. 

Coast  Survey  Station, 
Mt.  Desert,  Maine,  Sept.  12,  1856. 

Dear  Sir,  —  I  have  the  honor  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your 
invitation  of  the  tenth  instant,  to  attend  the  ceremonies  of  the  inauguration 
of  the  statue  of  Benjamin  Franklin,  on  the  seventeenth ;  and  regret  ex- 
tremely that  arrangements  connected  with  my  coast  survey  duties,  and 
which  I  cannot  now  change,  must  prevent  my  attendance  on  that  very 

interesting  occasion. 

Very  respectfully  yours, 

FARNHAM  PLUMMER,  Esq.,  A.  D.  BACHE. 

Chairman,  &c. 

Philadelphia,  Sept.  12,  1856. 

Dear  Sir,  —  I  have  just  received  your  letter,  inviting  me  to  partici- 
pate in  the  ceremonies  at  the  inauguration  of  the  statue  of  Franklin,  to 
take  place  in  your  city  on  the  seventeenth  instant.  It  is  with  extreme 
regret  that  I  have  to  say  that  my  engagements  here  are  such  as  to  put  it 
out  of  my  power  to  attend.  Under  other  circumstances  it  would  have 
given  me  great  pleasure  to  witness  this  demonstration,  on  the  part  of  the 
citizens  of  Boston,  in  honor  of  my  great  ancestor. 

Very  respectfully  yours, 

FRANKLIN  BACHE. 
FARNHAM  PLUMMER,  Esq., 

Chairman,  &c. 


382 


APPENDIX. 


Syderiham,  near  Philadelphia,   Sept.  14,  1856. 

Dear  Sir, —  The  very  obliging  invitation  of  the  Committee  of  Arran  Ce- 
ments, which  you  have  had  the  goodness  to  convey  to  me,  to  participate  in 
the  ceremonies  of  the  seventeenth  instant  at  the  inauguration  of  Frank- 
lin's statue  at  Boston,  merits  my  best  acknowledgments.  I  appreciate 
under  their  largest  aspects  the  interest  and  solemnity  of  the  occasion, 
which  will  be  greatly  enhanced  by  the  ceremony  occurring  on  the  anni- 
versary of  the  settlement  of  Boston;  and  I  proportionably  lament  my 
inability  to  be  present. 

Tendering  my  sincere  and  grateful  thanks  to  the  Committee  for  the 
honor  of  the  invitation,  I  pray  you,  dear  Sir,  to  believe  me, 

Most  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

RICHARD  RUSH. 
To  FARNHAM  PLUMMER,  Esq., 

Chairman  of  the  Committee. 


New  York,  Sept.  12,  1856. 
To  the  Hon.  FARNHAM  PLUMMER,  Chairman. 

Dear  Sir,  —  I  have  just  received  your  kind  invitation  to  unite  in  the 
celebration  of  the  seventeenth  instant,  for  the  inauguration  of  the  statue 
of  Franklin,  at  Boston.  No  one  can  be  more  alive  to  the  honor  you  have 
thus  conferred  on  me,  and  no  one  can  more  deeply  regret  that  circum- 
stances of  a  peculiar  nature  may  possibly  forbid  my  participation  in  so 
signal  an  event.  If,  however,  I  can  accomplish  it,  I  shall  assuredly  be 
with  you  on  so  patriotic  and  solemn  an  occasion.  I  rejoice,  with  a  satis- 
faction unspeakable,  that  Massachusetts  has  at  length  brought  herself  to 
the  performance  of  a  duty  too  long  neglected,  and  that  that  noble  and 
distinguished  State,  so  rich  in  intellectual  and  moral  worth,  is  now  about 
to  give  a  demonstration  worthy  of  the  occasion  which  has  summoned  her 
great  and  good  men  to  do  homage  to  that  most  illustrious  and  exalted 
character.  Prolific  as  your  indigenous  excellence  may  be,  neither  your 
historical  associations  nor  your  philosophical  records  contain  another  mor- 
tal who  can  approach  the  tablet  on  which  is  inscribed  the  name  of 
Franklin.  He  is  one  of  those  few  creations  which  God,  in  his  infinite 
beneficence,  gives  to  a  nascent  nation,  as  their  aid  and  counsellor,  effect- 
ively to  rear  up  their  moral,  their  physical,  and  their  intellectual  greatness. 
On  the  broad  foundation  of  his  intuitive  sagacity  and  ethical  principles, 


REPLIES    TO   INVITATIONS.  383 

the  whole  republic  must  ever  recognize  him  as  their  great  and  exalted 
instructor ;  and  philosophy  looks  in  vain  for  another  being  equally  pro- 
found and  sublime  in  her  researches  into  the  hidden  mysteries  of  nature. 
He  stands  alone  as  the  discoverer  and  expositor  of  an  entire  science, 
whose  laws  he  has  expounded  with  the  keenest  perception  of  her  wondrous 
powers.  To  no  other  individual  recorded  hi  human  annals  can  such  an 
award  be  granted.  And  it  may  be  added,  that  unlike  all  other  discov- 
erers in  vast  concerns,  no  one  has  ever  dared  to  impugn  the  originality  of 
his  investigations  and  the  exclusive  right  on  which  they  rest.  This, 
indeed,  is  a  rare  felicity  in  an  age  which  has  attempted  to  deprive  even 
Luther  of  his  Old  Hundred  psalmody  ;  which  has  awakened  new  conten- 
tions in  the  mathematical  world  touching  the  special  merits  of  Leibnitz 
and  Newton ;  the  claims  of  Servetus  and  of  Harvey ;  the  originality  of 
Sir  Humphrey  Davy. 

Yes  :  there  was  one  occurrence  in  his  varied  life  which  seemed  for  a 
moment  to  disturb  the  placid  tenor  of  his  great  career,  and  which  I  must 
not  forget.  The  contest  which  sprung  up  among  the  electricians  at  that 
eventful  period  in  American  history,  when  the  insurgent  colonists  had 
awakened  to  the  study  of  their  inherent  rights,  was  coincident  with  the 
recognition  of  Franklin's  merits  with  his  sharp  pointed  conductors,  and 
with  the  British  opposition  thereto,  urged  by  political  motives  and  regal 
countenance.  In  answer  to  the  presumptuous  request  of  George  HE. 
made  to  Pringle,  Sir  John  fearlessly  replied,  "  Sire,  I  cannot  reverse  the 
laws  and  operations  of  Nature;"  a  noble  reply,  which,  however,  lost  him 
the  presidency  of  the  Royal  Society;  but  yet,  most  opportune  for  our 
beloved  Franklin,  a  higher  arbiter  than  Sir  John  aided  in  his  relief,  and 
cleared  away  all  doubts.  A  thunderbolt  received  by  a  blunt  conductor 
produced  a  destructive  scene  among  his  Majesty's  magazines  of  naval  and 
military  stores,  and  left  Franklin  with  the  argument  of  Jove  to  confirm 
the  truth  in  this  electrical  quarrel ;  and  how  calmly  he  expresses  himself 
at  this  eventful  moment  in  his  brilliant  career.  "  I  never,"  says  he,  "  en- 
tered into  any  controversy  in  defence  of  my  philosophical  opinions.  I 
leave  them  to  take  their  chance  in  the  world.  If  they  are  right,  truth 
and  experience  will  support  them ;  if  wrong,  they  ought  to  be  refuted  and 
rejected."  With  God  on  his  side  now,  as  he  was  when  he  encountered 
the  subtle  Wedderburne,  the  serene  and  benevolent  sage  ever  preserved 
his  wonted  equanimity  in  the  zenith  of  his  highest  earthly  success. 

If  we  contemplate  Franklin  as  our  political  father,  we  find  that  in  the 
gravest  difficulties  his  wisdom  was  our  guide ;  we  hail  him  as  the  original 


384  APPENDIX. 

projector  of  our  Union ;  as  our  mentor  in  our  revolutionary  struggle,  and 
the  negotiator  of  our  triumphant  peace.  In  whatever  capacity  we  study 
him,  from  his  juvenile  pursuits  as  a  humble  printer,  through  the  whole 
range  of  his  extraordinary  life,  down  to  the  close  of  his  advanced  mortal 
existence,  we  recognize  his  heroic  perseverance  amidst  greatest  difficulties, 
his  incorruptible  integrity,  and  his  lofty  patriotism.  Common  sense 
reigns  dominant  in  every  act  and  in  every  sentiment.  His  aphorisms, 
deduced  from  life  and  letters,  are  fraught  with  the  wisdom  of  Solon, 
and,  though  debarred  the  privileges  of  classical  education,  his  writings, 
even  in  abstract  disquisitions,  are  stamped  with  a  beauty  of  diction  and  a 
clearness  and  simplicity  of  style  that  the  ripest  Oxonian  might  essay  to 
rival.  But  it  is  unnecessary  here  to  enlarge.  He  has,  years  ago,  found 
worthy  memorialists  of  his  consummate  services  for  the  benefit  of  all 
time  in  the  tributes  to  his  genius  from  the  loftiest  minds  of  both  hemi- 
spheres; and  your  scholars,  Sparks,  Everett  and  Winthrop,  with  many 
others,  have  commemorated  his  life  and  his  actions  in  strains  of  strongest 
laudation. 

As  true  Bostonians  your  people  must  have  long  taken  delight  in 
gathering  up  the  incidents  of  the  early  life  and  juvenile  period  of  Frank- 
lin, in  the  city  of  his  birth.  I  hope  they  may  in  season  find  a  suitable 
record  :  and  Philadelphia,  who  has  so  largely  profited  by  his  councils 
and  his  works,  honored  as  she  is  as  the  depository  of  his  sacred  remains, 
cannot  much  longer  continue  silent  on  a  theme  which  challenges  fuller 
inquiry  of  a  life  that  so  prominently  displayed  itself  for  her  benefit  and 
renown.  When  a  boy,  I  had  the  Glasgow  edition  of  Franklin's  Autobi- 
ography given  me.  Lost  in  wonder  at  his  industry,  his  economy,  his 
achievements  and  his  philanthropy,  I  soon  hastened  to  the  conclusion  that 
he  was  the  man  of  his  age,  and  the  first  of  mortals ;  nor  has  the  experi- 
ence and  reading  of  more  than  half  a  century  led  to  a  different  conclu- 
sion. With  such  feelings  I  have,  therefore,  studied  what  I  could  of 
Franklin  in  New  York  :  you  doubtless  remember  the  account  he  gives  of 
his  first  interview  with  Gov.  Burnett,  and  his  subsequent  correspondence 
with  Lieut.  Gov.  Golden.  Some  forty-five  years  ago  I  diligently  read 
that  voluminous  interchange  of  opinions  and  sentiments  which  that  corres- 
pondence contains.  Then  was  brought  to  light  the  circumstance  of  his 
being  the  projector  of  the  American  Philosophical  Society,  by  the  publi- 
cation of  his  proposals,  and  the  agency  he  had  with  Golden  in  the 
discovery  of  his  process  of  stereotyping,  afterwards  adopted  by  Didot.  I 
found,  by  examination  of  his  letters,  that  some  of  his  most  brilliant 


REPLIES    TO    INVITATIONS.  385 

experiments  in  electricity  were  made  in  New  York,  and  that  his  observa- 
tory was  the  steeple  of  the  New  Dutch  Keformed  Church,  now  occupied 
as  our  post  office  ;  that  he  was  lamentably  in  want  of  proper  apparatus 
to  prosecute  his  investigations,  and  that,  finding  no  competent  artisan  to 
do  the  work,  with  characteristic  energy,  he  with  his  own  hands  completed 
an  electrical  machine  which  effectively  answered  his  purpose.  His  delec- 
table companionship  with  Alexander,  the  lawyer,  with  John  Stevens,  a 
name  associated  with  railway  projects,  with  Dr.  John  Bard,  with  Presi- 
dent Johnson,  of  Kings  College  :  his  occasional  dinners  with  the  patriotic 
Col.  Henry  Rutgers,  &c.,  are  among  the  reminiscences  furnished  me 
some  forty  years  since,  by  our  then  "  oldest  inhabitants."  The  last  time 
he  appeared  in  New  York,  about  1788-9,  he  was  impeded  in  his  pedes- 
trian movements  by  large  multitudes  at  different  stations,  who  saluted 
him  with  reverential  courtesy.  At  the  head  of  Wall  Street,  in  Broad- 
way, opposite  the  portico  of  old  Trinity  Church,  the  throng  of  people 
was  great  indeed.  His  costume  was  like  that  set  forth  in  the  French 
statuette, — that  familiar  ornament  of  so  many  rooms  and  studies.  When 
we  had  our  Croton  Water  Works  Celebration  Franklin's  old  London 
printing  press  moved  in  procession,  and  was  used  in  striking  off  notices 
of  the  great  ceremony.  I  have  now  before  me  the  walking  cane  he  used 
in  his  occasional  exercise  in  Philadelphia,  near  the  time  of  his  last  fatal 
illness.  It  was  given  me  by  Mr.  Phillips,  a  young  man  who  received 
some  notice  from  Franklin. 

You  must  tell  Mr.  Sparks  that  within  the  last  six  weeks  I  have  dis- 
covered, in  the  possession  of  a  professional  gentleman  now  among  us,  an 
original  oil  miniature  portrait  of  Franklin,  well  executed  by  Stibbs.  It 
was  done  when  Franklin  was  last  at  Trenton,  N.  J.  The  costume  is  like 
that  of  Martin's ;  he  appears  considerably  older,  and  with  longer  flowing 
locks. 

On  my  first  visit  to  Sir  Joseph  Banks,  in  London,  in  1816,  he 
remarked,  "You,  Sir,  are  of  the  country  of  Franklin,"  and  pointed 
to  his  portrait;  and  I  found  this  expression  not  unfrequently  used 
abroad  when  Americans  were  addressed:  a  vast  nation  baptized  in  his 
name ! 

I  hasten  to  conclude  this  long  letter  with  a  sentiment  which  I  once 
gave  at  the  Franklin  Typographical  Association  of  this  city.  I  would 
offer  a  better  were  I  able : 

"  Electricity :  The  Mercury  of  the  elements,  whose  rapid  movement 
and  infinite  adaptation  are  typical  of  American  genius :  Franklin  brought 

19 


386  APPENDIX. 

him    from    Heaven,   and   Morse   taught   him  to  carry  the   messages  of 
Earth." 

With  profound  regard  and  esteem,  your  obedient  servant, 

JOHN  W.  FRANCIS. 

Franklin  Square,  New    York,   Sept.   15,   1856. 

My  dear  Sir,  —  I  have  the  honor  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your 
invitation  to  attend  the  inauguration  of  the  statue  of  Franklin,  on  the 
seventeenth  instant. 

I  had  fully  resolved  to  avail  myself  of  your  kind  invitation ;  for  no 
private  business  should  have  prevented  me  from  being  present  upon  the 
occasion  when  the  good  city  of  Boston,  on  the  anniversary  of  its  settle- 
ment, honors  itself  by  thus -worthily  honoring  its  great  citizen,  Benjamin 
Franklin. 

But,  deeply  to  my  regret,  I  have  been  appointed  Foreman  of  the 
Grand  Jury  of  the  U.  S.  Supreme  Court,  now  in  session  in  this  city ; 
and  this  renders  it  wholly  beyond  my  power  to  be  absent  from  New 
York,  even  for  a  day. 

Permit  me  to  congratulate  the  City  of  Boston  upon  its  possession  of 
this  noble  monument ;  and  accept  my  warmest  thanks  for  the  honor  you 
have  conferred  upon  me. 

With  thanks  and  respects, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

To  FARXHAM  PLUMMER,  Esq.,  JAMES  HARPEK. 

Chairman,  &c. 


LIST    OF    CONTRIBUTORS. 

The  following  list  embraces  all  the  names  of  the  contributors 
to  the  subscription  for  procuring  the  statue,  and  its  pedestal 
and  bas-reliefs,  that  have  come  to  the  knowledge  of  the  Treas- 
urer, and  has  been  prepared  and  furnished  by  him  for  publica- 
tion. The  names  of  several  persons,  chiefly  among  the  Franklin 
medal  scholars,  who  have  been  deceased  for  many  years,  appear 
in  the  list,  contributions  having  been  made  in  their  names  by 
relatives  or  friends.  The  sums  subscribed  have,  severally, 


LIST    OF    CONTRIBUTORS. 


387 


varied  from  one  dollar  to  three  hundred;  though  smaller 
amounts  have  been  collected  through  the  medium  of  boxes 
without  the  names  of  the  more  humble  donors. 


Ablx>t  Ezra  Lincoln 

Abbott  George  W.  &  Co. 

Abbott  Henry  W. 

Adams  Edward  F. 

Adams  Edward  L. 

Adams  Gardiner 

Adams  Henry 

Adams  John  Q. 

Adams  Nathaniel 

Adams  O.  J. 

Adams  Seth 

Adams  Simeon  P. 

Adams  William 

Adler  John 

Ainsworth  J.  F. 

Alden  L.   C. 

Alden  William  C. 

Alexander  Ebenezer 

Alexander  Whittaker  H. 

Alger  Cyrus 

Allen  Calvin 

Allen  Charles  H. 

Allen   Ki-aucis  G. 

Allen  C. 

Allen  Harriet  E. 

Allen  Henry  F. 

Allen  Samuel  R. 

Allen  W.  E. 

Allen   Washington 

Allen.  Whliing,  Lane  &  Washburn 

Alley  Charles  R. 

Allyn  John 

Almy  Henry 

Alrny  John  P. 


Almy  Robert  B. 
Almy  Thomas  R. 
Almy  William   F. 
Amee  John 
Ammidown  Holmes 
Amory  Charles 
Amory  William 
Anderson  Alexander 
Andrews  A.  A. 
Andrews  Robert 
Andrews  William  T. 
Appleton  Caroline  Leroy 
Appleton  Charles  H. 
Appleton  Daniel  W. 
Appleton  George  W. 
Appleton  Harriot 
Appleton  Julia  F. 
Appleton  Nathan 
Appleton  Samuel  A. 
Appleton  Samuel  Jr. 
Appleton  Thomas  G. 
Appleton  William 
Arklay  Jessie 
Arklay  Patrick 
Arklay  Walter 
Armington  H.  E. 
Armstrong  George  W. 
Armstrong  William   C. 
Aspinwall  Augustus 
Aspinwall  Samuel 
Atherton  B.   F. 
Atherton,  Stetson  &  Co. 
Atkins  C.  B. 
Atkins,  Stedman  &  Co. 


388 


APPENDIX. 


Atkinson  B.  C. 
Atkinson  Edward 
Atwell  Charles  R. 
Atwood  Charles  H. 
Austin  Edward 
Austin  J.  Whitney 
Austin  James  T. 

Babcock  Charles  A. 

Babcock  Charles  Augustus,  Jr. 

Babcock  Francis  Eaton 

Babcock  John  G. 

Babcock  &  Coolidge 

Bacon  D.  G.  &  W.  B. 

Bacon  Daniel,  Jr. 

Bacon  George 

Bacon  John,  Jr. 

Bacon  Robert 

Bacon  Z.  M. 

Badger  Daniel  B. 

Badger  Joseph  W. 

Bailey  Albon  H. 

Bailey  Edwin  C. 

Bailey  Henry  E. 

Bailey  Job  F. 

Bailey  Joseph  T. 

Baird  George 

Baker  Alphonso 

Baker  Ezra  H. 

Baker  Frederic 

Baker  G.  A. 

Baker  I.  F. 

Baker  Theodore 

Balch  Edward  L. 

Balch  Joseph  W. 

Balch  William  Y. 

Baldwin  Aaron 

Baldwin  Albert 

Baldwin  Luke,  Jr. 


Austin  S.  H. 
Austin  Samuel 
Austin,  Sumner  &  Co. 
Austin  Thomas 
Austin  William  R. 
Ayer  Daniel 
Ay  ling  Henry  A. 

Baldwin  W.  H. 

Baldwin  &  Stone 

Ball  Charles  W. 

Ballard  Frederick  L. 

Ballard  Joseph 

Banchor  &  Boyden 

Bancroft  Joseph  H. 

Bangs  Isaiah 

Banker  &   Carpenter 

Bannister  John  F. 

Barham  R.  H. 

Barnard  Charles  &  Brothers 

Barnard  David 

Barnes  C.  B. 

Barnes  Joseph  H. 

Barnes  Thomas  P. 

Barnett  Mary  E. 

Barnett  Robert 

Barney  Christopher  C. 

Barrett  E.  T. 

Barry  Charles  C. 

Barry  Charles  Thomas 

Barry  Henry 

Barry  Horace  W. 

Barry  James 

Barry  John  L. 

Barry  M.   0. 

Bartlett  Harriet  M. 

Bartlett  Hosea 

Bartlett  T.  P. 

Bartol  Elizabeth  H. 


LIST    OF    CONTRIBUTORS. 


389 


Barton  W.  R. 
Bass  Moses 
Bass  S.  G. 
Batchelder  M.  C. 
Batchelder,  Mann  &  Co. 
Bates  James 
Bates  James  W. 
Bates  John 
Bates  John  A.  Jr. 
Bates  Joseph  L. 
Bates  Samuel  D. 
Baxter  George,  Jr. 
Baxter  James  F.  G. 
Baxter  John  J. 
Baxter  Thompson 
Bayley  Charles  H. 
Bazin  Thomas  H. 
Beal  Benjamin 
Beal  George  "W. 
Beal  Thacher 
Beal  Warren  S. 
Beals  Samuel 
Beals  William 
Bean  Aaron  H. 
Beard  A.  W. 
Bedlington  Samuel  M. 
Beebe  Francis  L. 
Bell  James  B. 
Bellamy  William 
Bellows  George  L. 
Bemis  Isaac 
Bemis  William  A. 
Bennett  F.  E. 
Bennett  J. 
Benson  F.  A. 
Benson  M.  D. 
Bent  A.  A. 
Betteley  Albert 
Bigelow  Abraham  0. 


Bigelow  Clara 
Bigelow  Francis  R. 
Bigelow  Horatio 
Bigelow  John 
Bigelow  John  P. 
Bigelow  Prescott 
Billings  William  G. 
Binney  B.  S. 
Binuey  Matthew 
Birchard  Charles 
Bird  I.  A. 
Bird  Joshua  P. 
Bird  W.  2d 
Blake  George  P. 
Blake  George  T. 
Blake,  Howe  &  Co. 
Blake  Pinson 
Blake  William 
Blakeman  William 
Blanchard,  Converse  &  Co. 
Blanchard  Edward 
Blanchard  George  S. 
Blanchard  Hezekiah 
Blanchard  Thomas 
Blasland  Edward  B. 
Bliss  E. 
Bliss  J.  W. 
Block  Abraham  F. 
Blodget  John  W. 
Blodgett  H.  W.  H. 
Blodgett  I.  D. 
Bogle  William 
Bogman  &  Kimball 
Boise  L.  D. 
Bond  Charles 
Bond  Joseph  C. 
Bond  Richard  F. 
Bond  William  Cranch 
Bonney  Pelham 


390 


APPENDIX. 


Borrowscale  John 
Bosworth  Hiram 
Bothamly  George 
Bouve  Thomas  T. 
Bowditch  J.  Ingersoll 
Bowditch  Nathaniel  I. 
Bowdlear  S.  G. 
Bowen  Francis 
Bowen  George 
Bowen  William  F. 
Bowers  John  L. 
Bowthorp  E.  T. 
Boyd  James 
Boyd  James  Patten 
Boyd  Joseph 
Boyden  Dwight 
Boynton  W.  B. 
Brackett  I.  Louis 
Brackett  Jeffrey  K. 
Bradbury  John  H. 
Bradford  Frederick  A. 
Bradford  Lodovick  H. 
Bradford  Martin  L. 
Bradish  A.  H. 
Bradish  N.  I. 
Bradlee  F.  H. 
Bradlee  James  B. 
Bradlee  Josiah 
Bradlee  Nathaniel  J. 
Bradlee  Samuel 
Bradley  Benjamin 
Bradley  H.  S. 
Bradley  J.   W. 
Bragg  S.  A.  B. 
Bramhall  William 
Breck  Joseph  &  Son 
Breed  Aaron 
Breed  Horace  A. 
Brewer  Clark 


Brewer  Gardner 

Brewer  John  R. 

Brewer  Oliver  T. 

Brewer  Otis 

Brewster  Osmyn 

Briggs  Billings 

Briggs  George  W. 

Brigham  E.  D.   &  Co. 

Brigham  John 

Brigham  William  H. 

Brimmer  Martin 

Brooks  Benjamin  F. 

Brooks  Charles  Henry 

Brooks  George 

Brooks  N.  P. 

Brooks  W.  G.  Jr. 

Brooks  William  G. 

Brooks  Williams  B. 

Brown  Augustus 

Brown  Benjamin  H^ 

Brown  Charles  W. 

Brown  E. 

Brown  Edwin 

Brown  F.  H. 

Brown  George   H. 

Brown  George  H. 

Brown  J.  W. 

Brown  Jacob  H. 

Brown  James 

Brown  John  C.  I.  Jr. 

Brown  John  P. 

Brown  Mary  E. 

Brown  Nathaniel 

Brown  Scth  E. 

Brown  W.  H. 

Brown  William  A.  Jr.   &  Co. 

Browne  Cansten 

Browne  Charles 

Browne  Edward  I. 


LIST    OF    CONTRIBUTORS. 


391 


Browne  Francis  S. 
Brownell  Isaac  A. 
Bruce  George 
Bryant  Gridley  J.  F. 
Bryant  Seth 
Bryant  Walter 
Bullard  Charles 
Bumstead  Horace 
Burbank  James  P.  T. 
Burchstead  Benjamin 
Burdett  Henry 
Burditt  Charles  A. 
Burgess  H.  H. 
Burke  P.  B. 

Cabot  Henry 

Callender  George 

Callender  Richard  B. 

Callender,  Rogers  &  Hilton 

Campbell  &  Harwood 

Capen  Barnard 

Capen  Charles  J. 

Capen  F.  W. 

Capen  Francis  L. 

Capen  Joseph  H. 

Carey  Hugh 

Carll  Samuel  F. 

Carlton  William 

Games  William  R. 

Carruth  Nathan 

Carter  Albert 

Carter,  Cooper  &  Co. 

Carter  George  F. 

Carter  Henry 

C  alter  Samuel 

Cartwright   Charles  W. 

Gary  Alpheus 

Gary  Isaac 

Cassell  Edmund  D. 


Burley  Jacob  N. 
Burlingame  Anson 
Burnham  Gershom 
Burnham  T.   0.  H.   P. 
Burr  Brothers  &  Co. 
Burr  Isaac  T. 
Burr  Theophilus 
Burrage,  Blake  &  Co. 
Burrill  W.  H. 
Burton  W. 
Bush  J. 
Butler  Eber 
Byram  H.  0. 
B.  R.  K. 

Caverly  Charles,  Jr. 
Cazneau  Isaac 
Chadbourn  Seth 
Chaffin  John  C. 
Chamberlain  Thomas 
Chamberlain  &  Foster 
Chambers  John  G. 
Champney  Charles  S. 
Champney  E.  W.  &  Co. 
Champney  James  H. 
Chandler  Henry  H. 
Chandler  John  K. 
Chandler  &  Company 
Chapman  A.  P.  &  Co. 
Chapman  Ozias  G. 
Chase  F.  F. 
Chase,  Gibson  &  Co. 
Chase  H.  L. 
Chase  Irah,  Jr. 
Cheever  George  H. 
Cheever  Simon  G. 
Chenery  &  Co. 
Cherrington  William  P. 
Chester  William  F. 


392 


APPENDIX. 


C  bickering  C.  F. 
Chickering  Charles  E. 
C  bickering  G.  H. 
Chickering  Horatio 
Chickering  T.  E. 
Child  Franklin  D. 
Child  G.  H. 
Child  George  F. 
Chi  Ids  Francis 
Chilson  Gardner 
Chipman  G.  H.  Jr. 
Chi 8m  Samuel 
Choate  Charles 
Church  F.  L. 
Churchill  William 
Claflin  Wilbur  F. 
Clapp  Charles  W. 
Clapp  David 
Clapp  James  B. 
Clapp  Stephen  R. 
Clapp  Stephen  liowe 
Clapp  Washington 
Clapp  &  Goddard 
Clark  A.  A. 
Clark  Bradley  M. 
Clark  Edward  D. 
Clark  George  H. 
Clark  J.  W.  &  COL 
Clark  James 
Clark  John  I. 
Clark  Metcalf  B. 
Clark  Nathan 
Clark  William  T. 
Cleveland  H.  J. 
Cobb  G.  W. 
Coburn  G.  W. 
Coddington  Edward 
Codman  Edward 
Coffin  N.  R 


Coffin  William  B 
Coffin  William  E. 
Coggins  Edward 
Colburn  Willis  H. 
Colby  Gardner 
Cole  Charles  H. 
Cole  Horatio  G.  Jr. 
Coleman  Lewis 
Collier  E.  Hayden,  Jr. 
Collins  G.  F. 
Colman  George 
Comer  John  W. 
Conant  S.  B. 
Condon  William  J. 
Conlehen  William 
Conley  Charles  C. 
Conley  Samuel  B. 
Connor  C.  A. 
Converse  Edmund  W. 
Converse  James  C. 
Cook  James  M. 
Cook  John  H. 
Cook  W.  T. 
Cook  WiUiam  A. 
Coolidge  Jennie  L. 
Coolidge  Joseph 
Cooper  E.  T. 
Cooper  Samuel 
Copeland   Charles 
Copeland  Charles  S. 
Copeland  Thomas 
Copp  John  G. 
Corr  Bernard 
Cotton  Joseph 
Cowdin  John 
Cowdin  T.  W. 
Craft  Charles 
Craft  George  A. 
Cram  George  W. 


LIST    OF    CONTRIBUTORS. 


393 


Crane  Edward 
Crehore  Edward 
Crehore  William 
Crocker  Uriel 
Crocker  William  H. 
Crosby  Joseph  B. 
Crosby  Samuel  T. 
Crosby  William 
Cross  H.  C. 
Crowell  Timothy 
Crowniushield  Louisa 
Cummings  Daniel  &  Co. 
Cummings  John,  Jr. 
Cunningham  Andrew 
Cunningham  Brothers 
Currant  John  F. 
Currier  Hugh  M. 
Curry  C. 
Curtis  Charles  P. 
Curtis  Joseph 

Daggett  Henry  L. 
Dale  E.  A.  H. 
Dale  Ebenezer,  Jr. 
Dale  Mary  B. 
Dale  William  J.  Jr. 
Dalton  Michael 
Damon  John 
Dana  0.  H. 
Danforth  Henry  R 
Darling  G.  A.  P. 
Darracott  George 
Davenport  Henry 
Davenport  John 
Davies  Daniel 
Davis  Barnabas 
Davis  George  P. 
Davis  Gilman 
Davis  H.  C. 


Curtis  Nathaniel,  Jr. 
Curtis,  Sampson  &  Co. 
Curtis  Samuel 
Curtis  Thomas  B. 
Curtis  Thomas  J. 
Gushing  Frederick 
Gushing  John 
Cashing  John  P. 
Gushing  Perez 
Gushing  Roland 
Gushing  Samuel  T. 
Gushing  Thomas  P. 
Cushman  Freeman  L. 
Cutler  L.  A. 
Cutler  William  H. 
Cutter  G.  W. 
Cutter  M.  J. 
Cutter  Micah 
Cutting  Charles  A. 


Davis  I.  G. 
Davis  James,  Jr. 
Davis  John  F. 
Davis  John  H. 
Davis  Robert  S. 
Day  Albert,  Jr. 
Day  Ella  Maria 
Day  Mary  Lizzie 
Deane  Charles 
Deland  Thomas  James 
Demond  T.  D. 
Denison  W.  B. 
Dennett  William  H. 
Dennie  George 
Dennis  Enoch  P. 
Dennison  E.  B. 
Dennison  I.  N.  &  Co. 
Denny  Clarence  Holbrook 


60 


394 


APPENDIX. 


Denny  Daniel 
Denny  Daniel,  Jr. 
Denny  Francis  P. 
Denny  George   P. 
Denny  Henry  Gardner 
Denny  John  Ware 
Deshon  Daniel 
Dexter  Anson 
Dickinson  Prescott 
Dillaway  Enoch  S.  Jr. 
Dillaway  William 
Dillon  James 
Dingley  Pelham  W. 
Ditson  Oliver 
Dix  Joseph 
Dixwell  John  J. 
Dobson  Isaac  F. 
Dodd  B. 
Dodd  John  A. 
Doe  Charles  H. 
Doe  Freeman  I. 
Doe  Joseph  M. 
Doggett  Samuel 
Domett  Henry  W. 
Dore  John  C. 
Dorr  C.  A. 
Dorr  Charles  H. 


Douglass  A.  Jr. 
Dow  James  B. 
Dow  Stephen 
Downer   Samuel,  Jr. 
Downes  Henry  S. 
Drake  Samuel  G. 
Draper  Alonzo  G. 
Draper  Samuel 
Dresser  Jacob  A. 
Drew  Joseph  L. 
Drew  Joseph  L.  Jr. 
Drury  Gardner  P. 
Dugan  Eben  W. 
Dugan  Theodore  H. 
Dunbar  Melzar 
Dunham  I.  F. 
Dunham  Thomas  H. 
Dunn  James  C. 
Dunton  Samuel 
Dupee  James  A. 
Durant  Henry  F. 
Durant  William 
Dutton  E.  P. 
Dutton,  Richardson  &  Co. 
Dutton  &  Wentworth 
Dyer  Henry  W. 


Eastburn  John  H. 
Easterbrook  Charles  G. 
Eaton  Charles  F. 
Eaton  Ezra 
Eaton  William 
Eddy  G.  W. 
Eddy  Robert  H. 
Edmands  J.  Wiley 
Edmands  William  Otis 
Edney  George  P. 
Edson  George 


Edwards,  Nichols  &  Co. 

Edwards   Oliver 

Egan  James 

Eldridge  Oliver  &  Co. 

Eliot  Charles  W. 

Ellis  C.  M. 

Ellis  Calvin  F. 

Ellis  E.  H. 

Ellison  George  W. 

Elms  James  C. 

Emerson  Charles 


LIST    OF    CONTRIBUTORS. 


395 


Emerson  Elijah  C. 
Emerson  Parker 
Emmes  Samuel   &  Co. 
Emmons  Nathaniel  H. 
Emmons  S.  Frank 
Emmons  Stephen 
Emmons  Thomas 

Fairbanks  Stephen 
Farlow  John  S. 
Farnsworth  Isaac  D. 
Farr  Henry  P. 
Farrington  E.  T. 
Farwell  A.  G.  &  Co. 
Faxon  Georsriana 

O 

Faxon  John 

Faxon  Nathaniel 

Faxon  William 

Fay  Gilbert  P. 

Fay  Harrison 

Fay,  Jones  &  Stone 

Fearing,  Thacher  &  Whiton 

Felt  George  W. 

Felt  Samuel  G. 

Felton  John  R. 

Fenno  Isaac 

Fenno  J.  Brooks 

Fernald  Oliver  J. 

Fernald  Samuel  H. 

Fessenden  Charles  B. 

Field  Barnum  W. 

Field  George  G. 

Field  William  E. 

Fields  George  A. 

Fields  James  T. 

Fisher  John  H. 

Fisher  &  Co. 

Fishers  &  Chapin 

Fiske  Edwin  L. 


Eustis  Joseph 
Evans  Franklin 
Evans  John  D. 
Evans  William 
Everett  Edward 
Everett  Oliver  C. 

Ewer  Charles 
i 

Fiske  George  A. 

Fiske  J.  B. 

Fitch  Jonas 

Fitch  L.  N. 

Flagg  Augustus 

Flanders  William  M. 

Flint  D.  B. 

Flint,  Peabody  &  Co. 

Flint  Waldo 

Fogg  &  Houghton 

Foley  Henry  W. 

Follett  W.  Julien 

Folsom  Frederick 
Foque  Theodore  W. 
Forbes  William  W. 
Ford  Daniel  K. 
Forrest  Gordon 
Foskitt  Ebenezer 
Foss  William  A. 
Foster  A.  A. 
Foster  E.  B.  &  Co. 
Foster  Eben  B.  Jr. 
Foster  George 
Foster  George  B. 
Foster  George  W. 
Foster  Henry  G. 
Foster  J.  W. 
Foster,  Taylor  &  Co. 
Foster  W.  H. 
Fowle  George 
Fowle  James 


396 


APPENDIX. 


Fox  Charles  J. 
Francis  Nathaniel 
Franklin  George  C. 
Freeman  George  E. 
French  Abner  &  Co. 
French  George  A. 
French  Jonathan 
French  Robert  J. 
French,  Wells  &  Co. 
Frost  George 
Frost  Stiles 
Frothingham  Eliza  Cornelia 

Gaffield  Thomas 
Gair  John 
Gale  William  A. 
Gammon  William  H. 
Gane  Henry  A. 
Gardner  Elizabeth  Wood 
Gardner  Francis  Wilmot 
Gardner  George 
Gardner  Henry  Gardner 
Gardner  Henry  J. 
Gardner  Herbert 
Gardner  John  L. 
Gardner  T.  0. 
Gardner  &  Coolidge 
Gates  James  W. 
Gay  Albert 
Gay  Eben  F. 
Gay  Eben  Francis 
Gay  &   Stratton 
Gave  H.  A.  J. 
Gavett  George  B.,  Jr. 
George  &  Shackford 
Gibbens  Samuel  H. 
Gibbs  Calvin  W. 
Gibson  George  M. 
Gibson  Ki  nl.all 


Frothingham  Mary  G. 
Frothingham  Nathaniel  L. 
Frothingham  Richard,  Jr. 
Frothingham  S.  H.  S. 
Frothingham  Samuel 
Frothingham  Samuel,  Jr.  &  Co. 
Frothingham  Theodore,  Jr. 
Fuller  A.  &  B. 
Fuller  I.  K. 
Fuller  Samuel  N. 
Fuller  T.  H. 
.Fullerton  &  Raymond 

Gilbert  H.  C. 
Gilbert  Lemuel 
Gilbert  Palmer  &  Co. 
Gilbert  Samuel  &  Sons 
Gilbert  W    F. 
Gill  Caleb 
Gilley  John  E.  M. 
Gilmore  Sanford 
Gilson  Walter  H. 
Glen  Samuel  R. 
Glover  Lloyd 
Goddard  Thomas 
Goddard  William 
Goddard  &  Pritchard 
Goff  William 
Goldthwait  Joel 
Gooding  Thomas 
Goodnough  E.  G. 
Goodnow  John 
Goodnow  Mary  A. 
Goodridge  A.  H. 
Goodwin  A.  G. 
Goodwin  Daniel 
Goodwin  Enoch 
Goodwin  John  H. 
Goodwin  William  F. 


LIST    OF    CONTRIBUTORS. 


397 


Gookin  C.  B. 
Gookin  Lucy  J. 
Gordon  J.  P. 
Gore  George  G. 
Gould  B.  A.  Jr. 
Gould  C.  A. 
Gould  Charles  D. 
Gould  F.  A. 
Gould  James 
Gould  Joseph  A. 
Gould  Robert 
Gould  S.  N. 
Gove  A.  B. 
Gove  John 
Gowen  C. 
Gowing  H.  A. 
Granger  David 
Grant  Moses 
Gray  Francis  C. 
Gray  Joseph  H. 
Gregg  R.  S. 

Hale  Alfred 
Hale  Daniel  Lee 
Hale  George 
Hale  Joseph 
Hale  W.  N. 
Hall  Andrew  T. 
Hall  Clara  Elizabeth 
Hall  D.  Dudley 
Hall  Edward  F.  Jr. 
Hall,  Fowle  &  Tufts 
Hall  Francis  A. 
Hall  Henry  A. 
Hall  I.  G. 
Hall  Martin  L. 
Hall  Mary  Ella 
Hall,  Myrick  &  Co. 
Hall  Nathaniel 


Gregory  F.  E. 
Gregory  Samuel  H. 
Green  Anna  L. 
Green  Charles  M. 
Green  John,  Jr. 
Green  Martha  I. 
Greene  Charles  G. 
Greene  Charles  W. 
Greenleaf  Richard  C. 
Greenough  William 
Gribbin  Jeremiah 
Griswold  D.  C. 
Griswold  John  M. 
Groom  Thomas 
Grueby  E.  L. 
Guardenier  E.  E. 
Guardenier  William  I. 
Guild  H. 
Guild   Henry 
Guild,  White  &  Co. 
Gwynn  George  F. 

Hall  John  K. 
Hall  William  &  Co. 
Hallett  J.  H. 
Hambleton  C.  I. 
Hammond  Artemas 
Hammond  Augustus 
Hammond  John 
Hancock  Henry  K. 
Hanover  George  B. 
Hanson  John  B. 
Hapgood  Warren 
Harding  Newell 
Harding  Newell,  Jr. 
Harding  William  F. 
Harding  William  H. 
Hardy  Alpheus 
Harrington  Ephraim 


398 


APPENDIX. 


Harrington  Solomon 
Harrington  Wyman 
Harris  Anna  W. 
Harris  Isaac 
Harris  Kate  A. 
Harris  N.  P. 
Haskell  Daniel  N. 
Haskell  William  S. 
Hastings  Samuel 
Hatchman  John 
Haven  Calvin   W. 
Haven  Charles  C. 
Haven  Franklin 
Haviland  Thomas 
Hawes  P.  &  I.  P.  &  Co. 
Hawes  William  H. 
Hayden  C.  S. 
Hayden  Josiah  E. 
Hayden  William 
Haynes  John  C. 
Hayward  J.  T. 
Hazelton  I.  E. 
Hazelton  Isaac  H. 
Hazelton  John  H. 
Hazewell  Charles  C. 
Head  Francis  C. 
Heath  Charles 
Heath  George  W. 
Henderson  F.  A. 
Hendley  James 
Hendley  Thomas  J. 
Hennessy  Edward 
Henshaw  Edward 
Henshaw  Isaac  Means 
Henshaw  Samuel 
Herman  Leopold 
Hewes  J.  M. 
Hewins  Walter  B. 
Hews  George 


Hickey  James  F. 
Hidden  William  H. 
Higginson  Charles  J. 
Higginson  George 
Hill  Ebenezer  A. 
Hill  William  H. 
Hill  Winchell  N. 
Hills  C.  E. 
Hilton  William 
Hinds  Frederic 
Hinkley  Holmes 
Hirsch  &  Palgemeyer 
Hitchborn  Samuel 
Hobart  Albert 
Hobart  Enoch 
Hobart  H.  H. 
Hobbs  J.  W. 
Hodges  Almon  D. 
Hodges  Thomas  P. 
Holbrook  H.  J. 
Holbrook  Samuel  L. 
Hollingsworth  F.  R. 
Hollis  Abijah 
Hollister  George 
Holman  Edward 
Holman  Oliver 
Holmes  D.  W. 
Holton  Joseph  L. 
Homer  Albert 
Homer  Charles 
Homer  George 
Hood  Joseph 
Hooper  Henry  W. 
Hooper  John 
Hooper  John  S. 
Hooper  S.  H. 
Hopkins  L.  C. 
Horton  Abel 
Horton  David  W. 


LIST    OF    CONTRIBUTORS. 


399 


Hosmer  H.  W. 
Hosmer  Zelotes 
Hough  William  E. 
Houghton  C.  C. 
Houston  William  N. 
Hovey  James  G. 
Hovey  &  Co. 
Howard  F.  A. 
Howard  William  H. 
Howe  George 
Howe  George 
Howe  I.  Francis 
Howe  Jabez  C.  &  Co. 
Howes  &  Baker 
Howland  Ichabod 

lasigi,  Goddard  &  Co. 
Hsley  John  Cox 
Ingalls  Henry  P. 

Jackson  C.  L. 
Jackson  G. 
Jackson  George 
Jackson  P.  T.  Jr. 
Jacobs  A. 
Jacobs  Joshua 
James  George  E. 
James  Lyman 
Jenks  Charles  William 
Jenks  Henry  Fitch 
Jenks  John  H. 
Jenks  Mary  Fitch 
Jenks  Samuel  H. 
Jewell  L.  B. 
Jewett  D.  B. 
Jewett  D.  E. 
Jewett  John  P. 


Hubbard  G.  Eustis 
Hubbard  John  C. 
Hughes  John  A. 
Humphrey  W.  E.  &  Co. 
Hunnewell  George  W. 
Hunnewell  William  N. 
Hunt  H.  J. 
Hunt  I. 
Hunt  John 
Hunt  Moses 
Hunt  Simon 
Hutchinson  Charles  E. 
Hutchinson  Henry 
Hutchinson  I.  D. 
Hutchinson  William  Henry 

Ingalls  J.  C. 
Ives  D.  P.  &  Co. 


Johnson  Earl  W. 
Johnson  Ebenezer 
Johnson  Samuel,  Jr. 
Johnson,  Sewall  &  Co. 
Johnston  C.  E. 
Johonnot  A.  E. 
Jones  Eliphalet 
Jones  Frederick 
Jones  George  B. 
Jones  Josiah  M. 
Jones  Nahum 
Jones  Peter  C. 
Jones,  Turrill  &  Co. 
Jordan  Charles 
Jordan  E.  D. 
Jordan,  Marsh  &  Co. 
Josselyn  Alonzo 


Keating  Thomas  H. 


Keith  I.  M. 


400 


APPENDIX. 


Keith  William  W. 
Kellogg,  Cobb  &  Co. 
Kempell  Otto 
Kendall  Abel 
Kendall  C.  B. 
Kendall  Mrs.  E.  E. 
Kendrick  William  W. 
Kent  John 
Kerr  James  C. 
Keyes  R.  W. 
Kidder  J.  G. 
Kilburn  Samuel  S.  Jr. 
Kilham  Charles  H. 
Kimball  E.  R. 
Kimball  I.  B. 
Kimball  John  R. 


Kimball  Oliver  D. 
Kimball  Otis 
King  Charles  G.    ' 
Kingman  George 
Kingsbury  A. 
Kingsley  Elias 
Kinsell  H.  H. 
Kitfield  Henry 
Knapp  Henry  E. 
Knight  A.  L. 
Knott  James 
Knott  Robert 
Kowans  Thomas  D. 
Kruger  Henry 
Kuhn  George  H. 
Kuhn  John 


Ladd  William  G.  Jr. 
Lamb  Thomas 
Lamson  A.  D. 
Lamson  Benjamin 
Lamson  I.  W. 
Lamson  N.  P. 
Lane  B.  P. 
Lane  Charles  L. 
Lane  Samuel  W. 
Lane  &  Walker 
Lang  John  II.  B. 
Lappen  0.  &  Co. 
Larkin  &    Stackpole 
Lash  Robert 
Lavery  Francis 
Lawrence  Abbott 
Lawrence  Abbott,  Jr. 
Lawrence  Abbott,  3d 
Lawrence  Amos  A. 
Lawrence  H.  J. 
Lawrence  James 
Lawrence  James,  Jr. 


Lawrence,  Stone  &  Co. 
Leach  John  B. 
Learned  A.mos  F. 
Learned  Gearfield 
Learned  I.  M.   &   Co. 
Leavitt  David 
Leavitt  T.  H. 
Lee  Henry,  Jr. 
Lee  John  R. 
Lee  Thomas  J. 
Lee  William 
Leggett  William 
Leland  Joseph  D. 
Leland  T.  J. 
Leland  W.  S. 
Leman  Augustus  F. 
Leman  Benjamin  B. 
Leman  John 
Lemist,  Bramhall  &  Co. 
Leonard  W.  W. 
Levans  H.  N. 
Lewis  Daniel 


LIST    OF    CONTRIBUTORS. 


401 


Lewis  John  Saxton 

Lewis  Joseph 

Lewis  M.  A. 

Lewis  Weston 

Lewis  William  D. 

Lewis  William  £  William  K. 

Libbey  I.  F. 

Libbey  I.  W. 

Libbey  Washington 

Lincoln  B. 

Lincoln  Ezra 

Lincoln  Francis 

Lincoln  Frederic  W.  Jr. 

Lincoln  Frederic  W.  3d 

Lincoln  Harriet  Abbot 

Lincoln  Harvey  L. 

Lincoln  Jared 

Lincoln  Joseph 

Lincoln  Joshua 

Lincoln  Lewis  N. 

Lincoln  Lowell 

Lincoln  Susan  Ellen  B. 

Lincoln  Warren  P. 

Lincoln  Zenas  D. 

Little,  Alden  &  Co. 

Little  Charles  C. 

Little  Nicholas 

Livermore  George 

Livermore  John 

Livermore  William  Roscoe 

Locke  Charles  A. 

Locke  Edward  A. 

Locke  H.  D. 

Locke,  March  &  Co. 

Locke  Mary  I. 

Lombard  Ephraim 

Lombard  Josiah  S. 

Lombard  Thomas  C. 

Lombard  &  Whitmore 

Long  James  Donaldson 


Long  J.  Haskell 
Lord  George  C.  &  Co. 
Lord  Joseph  H. 
Loring  A. 
Loring  Abner  B. 
Loring  Benjamin 
Loring  Charles  G. 
Loring  Elijah  James 
Loring  Samuel  H. 
Loring  Thomas  B. 
Loring  W.  W. 
Loring  &  Phillips 
Lothrop  Ansel 
Lothrop  J.  K. 
Loud  Andrew  J. 
Lovejoy  Albert  P. 
Lovejoy  E.  A. 
Lovejoy  Loyal 
Lovejoy  Samuel  A. 
Lovejoy  William  B. 
Lovell  John  P. 
Lovering  Alice  M.  I. 
Lovering  Anna  I.  W. 
Lovering  Charles  T. 
Lovering  J.  S. 
Lovering  William  C. 
Lovett  Augustus 
Lovett  William  P. 
Lowell  Francis  C. 
Lowell  John  A. 
Lyford  G.  A. 
'  Lyford  Henry  A. 
Lyford  Thomas 
Lyman  George  T. 
Lyman  George  W. 
Lyman  Seymour 
Lynch  George  P. 
Lynch  James  F. 
Lyon  Henry 


402 


APPENDIX. 


Mackintire  E.  P. 

Macomber  James 

Magee  John  B. 

Magoun  H. 

Mair  Thomas 

Mair  W.  W. 

Maldt  John  M. 

Mallory  Richard  P. 

Manley  Sidney 

Manning  Charles  B. 

Manning,  Glover  &  Co. 

Manning  T. 

Mansfield  Charles  H.  &  Co. 

Mansfield  E.  W.  O. 

Mansur  Samuel 

March  J.  C. 

Marden  F.  A. 

Marden  William 

Marsh  B.  Franklin 

Marsh  Robert 

Marshall  F.  H. 

Marston  S.  W.  Jr. 

Marvin  T.  R. 

Marvin  William  T.  R. 

Matchett  William  F. 

Mauran  William  A. 

May  John  J. 

May  0. 

May  Russell 

Maynard  I.  W. 

Maynard  &  Noyes 

Mayo  Alfred  Jackson 

Mayo  Amy  Louisa 

Mayo  Eliot  Belknap 

Mayo  Elizabeth  White 

McAdams  J.  &  W. 

McAvoy  Arthur 

McBurney  Charles 

McCaine  Daniel 


McCaine  David 
McCarty  William 
McCleary  Samuel  F.  Jr. 
McFarland  &  Rice 
McGilvray,  Wyman  &  Co. 
Mclntire  Joseph 
McKay  William  P. 
McKenney  Andrew 
McLaughlin  H. 
McLaughlin  Rodney 
McLauthlin  George  T. 
Mears  John,  Jr. 
Meek  Samuel 
Mellen  William  J. 
Mellen  &  Co. 
Mellus  Henry 
Melvin  William  A. 
Merriam  Charles 
Merriam  Nathaniel 
Merriam  Waldo 
Merrill  Arthur 
Merrill  Brother  &  Co. 
Merrill  Charles  A. 
Merrill  T.  L. 
Messer  Asa 
Messinger  Elam  A. 
Messinger  George  W. 
Metcalf  Henry  B. 
Metcalf  S.  M. 
Miles  S.  S. 
Millard  Samuel 
Mills  Charles  H.  &  Co. 
Miner  George  A. 
Minns  Thomas 
Minot  Charles  II. 
Minot  &  Hooper 
Mitchell  James 
Mitchell  N.  &  Son 
Mitchell  William 


LIST    OF    CONTRIBUTORS. 


403 


Moore  James  E. 
Moore  &  Crosby 
Morrill  Charles  J. 
Morse  A.  J. 
Morse  Charles 
Morse  J.  C. 
Morton  Ebenezer 
Morton  G.  P. 
Morton  H.  B. 

Nashua  Lock  Co. 
Nassau  William  M. 
Naylor  &  Co. 
Nazro  John,  Jr. 
Neal  Samuel 
Neill  John  F. 
Nelson  E. 
Nelson  H.  G. 
Nevins  E    P. 
Newcomb  John  J. 
Newhall  Everett  H. 
Newman  Henry 
Newman  Samuel  H. 
Nichols  Amelia  S. 
Nichols  Benjamin  W. 

Oakes  James 
O'Brien  Hugh 
O'Connor  William  D. 
Odiorne  Edward  G. 
Oliver  A.  J. 
Oliver  L.  L. 
Oliver  William  B. 

Packer  Charles 
Page,  Alden  &  Co. 
Page  Charles  J. 
Page  James  A. 
Page  John  A. 


Mott  Isaac  W. 
Moulton  Thomas 
Muller  Mary  E. 
Mulliken  John,  Jr. 
Monroe  James 
Munroe  Otis 
Mussey  B.  B. 
M.  L.  G. 
M. 

Nichols  George  N. 
Nichols  H.  P. 
Nichols  Lawrence 
Nichols  Lyman,  Jr. 
Nichols  Koberta  H. 
Nickerson  T.  W. 
Norcross  Addison 
Norcross  Grenville  Howland 
Norcross  Laura 
Norcross  Loring 
Norcross  Otis 
Norcross  Otis,  Jr. 
North-Ender,  from  Mobile 
Norton  A.  &  A. 


Orcutt  John  P. 
Ordway  J.  A. 
Ordway,  Prince  &  Co. 
Ormeston  George 
Osborn  Francis  A. 
Otis  George  Washington 
Ottignon  William  A. 

Page  Luke 

Page,  Richardson  &  Co. 
Paige  James  W. 
Paige  James  W.  Jr. 
Palfrey  W.  W. 


404 


APPENDIX. 


Palmer  David 
Palmer  J.  A. 
Palmer  Thomas 
Park  William 
Parker  Catherine  Stanley 
Parker  Charles  Edward 
Parker  Charles  H. 
Parker  Isaac 
Parker  James 
Parker  M.  S. 
Parker  Mary  Francis 
Parker  Peter 
Parker,  Wilder  &  Co. 
Parker  William  Lincoln 
Parkhurst  Ziba 
Parkman  George  F. 
Parkman  William 
Parmenter  William 
Parrott  William  F. 
Parsons  Henry  W. 
Parsons  Samuel 
Patten  C.  B. 
Patten  George  C. 
Patten  George  W. 
Patterson  E.  Jr. 
Paul  Daniel  B. 
Pearce  William 
Pearson  William  H. 
Peck  A.  D. 
Peck  John 
Peiree  C.  W. 
Peiree  Foster 
Peiree  H. 
Penniman  J.  T. 
Perkins  James 
Perkins  T.  Henry 
Perkins  William 
Perkins  William  F. 
Perrin  David  C. 


Peters,  Chace  &  Co. 

Peters  Edward  D.  &  Co. 

Pettingill  &  Donnell 

Phelps  Jacob  C. 

Phelps  Sewall 

Phillips  Jonathan 

Phillips  Moses  D. 

Phillips  School,   (Pupils  of) 

Phipps  John  S. 

Pierce  B.  W. 

Pierce  Carlos 

Pierce,  Clark  &  Co. 

Pierce  F.  A. 

Pierce  Frederick  B. 

Pierce  G.  F. 

Pierce  George 

Pierce  J.  W. 

Pierce  John 

Pierce  0.  H. 

Pierce  Samuel  S. 

Pierce  William 

Pike  Charles  E. 

Pike  E.  W. 

Pineo  Kichard  E. 

Pinkham  J.   S. 

Piper  Albion 

Pitman  John  H. 

Pitts  Charles  L. 

Plympton  Henry 

Plymptons,  Stephenson  &  Co. 

Pollard  Abner  W. 

Pond  Albert  C. 

Pond  Moses 

Poole  Alexis 

Poole  William  F. 

Poor  Nathaniel  C. 

Pope  Benjamin 

Pope  Edward  E. 

Pope  Hubert 


LIST    OF    CONTRIBUTORS. 


405 


Porter  Alexander  S. 
Porter  George  E. 
Porter  John  K. 
Potter,  Elder  &  Co. 
Pratt  Caleb  I. 
Pratt  Eleazer  F. 
Pratt  John  C. 
Pratt  Mrs.  William 
Prentiss  Henry 
Prescott  Charles  J. 
Prescott  Lavina  M. 
Prescott  William  H. 
Preston  George  K. 
Preston  John 
Preston  Jonathan 

Quincy  Josiah 

Randall  Charles  A. 
Ransom  B.  Jr. 
Rayner  John 
Rayner  John  J. 
Read,  Chadwick  &  Co. 
Read  William 
Redding  Charles 
Redding  W.  S. 
Redding  W.  W. 
Reed  Benjamin  T. 
Reed  Charles  M. 
Reed  George  P. 
Reed  &  Wade 
Reggio  Nicholas 
Remick  W.  S. 
Renouf  Edward 
Revere  Copper  Co. 
Reynolds  Samuel  S. 
Reynolds  William  J. 
Rhoades  Stephen 
Rice  C.  B. 


Priest  Caroline  A. 
Priest  Frank  P. 
Priest  George  W. 
Priest  Henry  L. 
Priest  J.  Edward 
Priest  John  D. 
Prince  John  T. 
Prince  Nathan 
Prouty  Dwight,  Jr. 
Prouty  Lorenzo 
Pulsifer  D.  &  Co. 
Putnam  A. 
Putnam  Allen 
Putnam  C.  A. 
P.  B.  &  B. 

Quincy  Thomas  D. 

Rice  Charles 
Rice  Charles  R. 
Rice  Eliza  P. 
Rice  F.  &  F. 
Rice  Henry  A. 
Rice  Henry  Allen 
Rice  J.  Ramirez 
Rice  Lewis 
Rice  Samuel 
Rice  William 
Rice  &  Kendall 
Richards  George  G. 
Richards  H.  H. 
Richards  Henry  C. 
Richards  John  B. 
Richards  Wyatt 
Richardson  George  L. 
Richardson  Lewis  G. 
Richardson  M.  W. 
Richardson  Thomas 
Richardson  W.  H.  H. 


406 


APPENDIX. 


Richardson  William  H. 
Richardson  &  Edmond 
Ring  Nathaniel,  Jr. 
Ripley  Lyman  B. 
Ripley  Thomas  W. 
Ripley  Robert 
Robbins  Joseph  W. 
Roberts  John  G. 
Robertson  John  A. 
Robinson   C.  R. 
Robinson  Enoch 
Robinson  Francis  F. 
Robinson  George  W. 
Robinson  J.  Howard 
Robinson  Reuben  T. 
Robson  John 
Rogers  Edward  H. 
Rollins  C.  L. 

Safford,  Ames  &  Co. 
Safford  Daniel 
Salisbury  D.  W. 
Salmon  John 
Sampson  A.  N. 
Sampson  Charles 
Sampson  George  G. 
Sampson  &  Tappan 
Samson  G.  B. 
Sanborn  Amos  C. 
Sanborn  George  0. 
Sanborn  J.  F. 
Sanborn  Lyman  F. 
Sanderson  Brothers  &  Co. 
Sanford  Philo 
Sargent  Henry 
Saunders  George  S. 
Saunders  William  A. 
Savage  James 
Sawyer  C.  H. 


Ropes  W.  L. 
Ropes  William 
Rose  A. 
Ross  George 
Ross  Jeremiah 
Ross  Willis 
Rotch  Ainiee 
Rotch  Alice  Quincy 
Rotch  Arthur 
Rotch  Edith 
Rounds  George 
Rounds  John  C. 
Rowell  S. 
Russell  C.  Shepard 
Russell  Charles  I. 
Russell  George  R. 
Ryan  Edward 
Ryan  I.  S. 

Sawyer  N.  C 
Sawyer  Timothy  T. 
Sawyer  Warren 
Sawyer  William  N. 
Scott  George 
Scott  Thomas 
Sears  David 
Sears  J.  H. 
Sears  P.  H. 
Sears  William 
Seaver  Nathaniel,  Jr. 
Seaver  William  D.  Jr. 
Sessions  F. 
Sever  James  W. 
Sewall,  Day  &   Co. 
Seymour  Friend 
Shapleigh  Charles  H. 
Shaiiand  John 
Sharland  Joseph 
Sharland  Joseph  B. 


LIST   OF    CONTRIBUTORS. 


407 


Shattuck  G. 

Shattuck  J.  H. 

Shaw  Gr.  Howland  &  Brothers 

Shaw  Jesse 

Shelton  Albert  F. 

Shelton  George 

Shelton  John 

Shelton  Richard  H. 

Shelton  Stephen 

Shelton  Stephen  W. 

Shelton  Thomas 

Shelton  Thomas  J. 

Shepherd  James 

Sherburne  Joseph  M. 

Shimmin  William 

Shreve  Benjamin 

Shurtleff  Hiram  S. 

Shurtleff  Nathaniel  B. 

Shurtleff  Nathaniel  B.  Jr. 

Sigourney  D. 

Silloway,  Calef  &  Co. 

Simmons  Seth 

Simonds  Thomas  C. 

Simpkins  Samuel  G. 

Simpson  Michael  H. 

Sise  A.  F. 

Skerry  A.  T. 

Slade  William  J. 

Slade  Robert 

Smith  Albert  W. 

Smith  Cornelius 

Smith  Edward  M. 

Smith  Franklin 

Smith  Franklin  W. 

Smith  George  G. 

Smith  I.  P. 

Smith  J.  Waterston 

Smith  John  F. 

Smith  Joseph 


Smith  Lorenzo  G. 
Smith  Mary  Elizabeth 
Smith   Melancthon 
Smith  Stephen 
Smith  William    • 
Snelling  Edward  A. 
Snelling  Enoch  H. 
Snow  Benjamin  Franklin 
Snow  Isaac 
Soule  Richard 
Southard  George  H. 
Sparks  Jared 
Sparrell  William  P. 
Spaulding  Solomon  R. 
Spear  Charles  W. 
Spear  Samuel  S. 
Spinney  William  K. 
Spooner  L.  L. 
Spooner  William  B.  &  Co. 
Sprague  Charles 
Sprague  Matthew 
Sprague  William 
Spring  Isaac  H. 
Standish  James 
Standish  Lemuel  M. 
Stanfield,  Wentworth  &  Co. 
Staniford  D. 
Stanwood  Daniel  R. 
Stanwood  Frank 
Starbird  William  B. 
Stearns  Charles 
Stearns  Charles  H. 
Stearns  John,  Jr. 
Stearns  Mary 
Stearns  T.  C. 
Stearns  William 
Stebbins  0.  B. 
Steele  George  P. 
Steele  J.  T. 


408 


APPENDIX. 


Steele  James  G. 
Stetson  Alpheus  M. 
Stetson  Amos  W. 
Stetson  Caleb 
Stetson  Catharine 
Stetson  John 
Stetson  L. 
Stevens  Arthur 
Stevens  Benjamin 
Stevens  Collins 
Stevens  George  M. 
Stickney  I. 
Still  F.  C. 
Stimpson  Charles 
Stimpson  Frederick  H. 
Stimpson  James  H. 
Stoddard  Charles 
Stoddard  Charles  A. 
Stoddard  N. 
Stone  David 
Stone  Milton  J. 
Storey  W.  H. 
Story  Jacob 

Taggard  John 
Talbot  W.  H. 
Tappan  John  E. 
Tappan,  McBurney  &  Co. 
Taylor  N.  D.  V.  &  Co. 
Tebbetts  A. 
Tebbetts  James  R. 
Tebbetts  William  C. 
Templeton  John 
Tenney  Benjamin  F. 
Tenney  &  Co. 
Tewksbury  William  P. 
Thacher  George  C. 
Thacher,  Mitchell  &  Co. 
Thacher  William  S. 


Stowell  Caleb 
Street  John 
Strong  Alexander 
Studley  Samuel  G. 
Sturtevant  Henry  G. 
Sullivan  R.  Jr. 
Sumner  Allen  M.  S. 
Swallow  Asa 
Swallow  Daniel  W. 
Sweet  James  S. 
Sweet  John  H. 
Sweetser  A.  C. 
Sweetser  E.  F. 
Sweetser  F.  C. 
Sweetser,  Gookin  &  Co. 
Sweetser  S.  K. 
Sweetser  Samuel 
Swett  Edwin  I. 
Swett  Hubbard  W. 
Swett  John  T. 
Swift  William  C. 
Symonds  J.  H. 


Thacher  &  Co. 
Thayer  Benjamin  W. 
Thayer  George  W. 
Thayer  Gideon  F. 
Thayer  John  E.  &  Brother 
Thayer,  Hovey  &  Co. 
Thayer  R.  H. 
Thaxter  Adam  W. 
Thaxter  Adam  W.  3d 
Thaxter  Benjamin 
Thaxter  Seth 
Thomas  William 
Thompson  W.   S. 
Thorndike  George  Francis 
Thorndike  Henry  A. 


LIST    OF    CONTRIBUTORS. 


409 


Thorndike  John  H. 
Thorndike  John  P. 
Thorndike  John  P.  L. 
Thwing  S.  C. 
Ticknor  Benjamin  H. 
Ticknor  William  D. 
Tileston  Edward  G. 
Tileston  George  F. 
Tileston  James  C. 
Tileston  Timothy 
Tileston  William 
Tillson  J. 

Tilton  Frederick  A. 
Tilton  Stephen  &  Co. 
Tinnnins  John 
Tirrell  Edward  C. 
Tobey  Heman 
Tombs  M.  &  Co. 
Tompkins  Abel 
Tompson  John  A. 
Torrey  J.  M. 
Torsleff  Andrew 
Tower  L.  L. 
Towle  John  D. 
Towne  E.  B. 
Towne  George  D. 

Underwood  William 
Uphain,  Tucker  &  Co. 

Vanier  S. 

Vannevar  Alexander 
Veazie  Joseph  A. 
Veazie  William 
Vinal  Otis 

Wade  John 
Wakefield  W.  L. 
Walcott  J.  W. 


Towne  William  P. 

Townsend,  Mallard  &  Co. 

Tracy  F.  U. 

Triggs  George  W. 

Trott  Peter 

Trull  George  A. 

Tucker  Allan 

Tucker  Daniel 

Tucker,  Newton  &  Mills 

Tucker  William 

Tucker  William  Lawrence 

Tuckerman  Gustavus 

Tuckerman,  Townsend  &  Co. 

Tufts  George  A. 

Turnbull  George  &  Co. 

Turner  Helen 

Turner  Joshua 

Turner  Nathaniel  D. 

Turner  Nathaniel  W. 

Turner  T.  Larkin 

Turner,  Wilson  &  Co. 

Tuttle  Frederick  A. 

Tuttle  James 

Tyler  J.  C.  &  Co. 

Tyler  W.  P. 


Upton  George  B. 
Urarm  Joseph 

Vincent  John 
Vose  Edward 
Vose  Josiah  S. 
Vose  Thomas  B. 


Walden  N. 
Waldron  Samuel  W. 
Wales  George  W. 


410 


APPENDIX. 


Wales  Henry  W. 
Wales  Thomas  B. 
Wales  T.  C.  &  Co. 
Wales  Thomas  C. 
Walker  George  S. 
Walker  Joseph 
Walker  Matthew 
Walker  W.   H. 
Walker  William  S. 
Walker  &  Brother 
Wallace  &  Sons 
Ward  Lydia  G. 
Ward  Thomas  W. 
Ward  &  Boott 
Ware  Leonard 
Warner  I.  L. 
Warren  Alfred  B. 
Warren  Charles  F. 
Warren  Frederick 
Warren  George  W. 
Warren  George  W.  &  Co. 
Warren  John  A. 
Warren  John  C. 
Warren  M.  C. 
Washburn  Miles 
Washburn  William 
Waterman  Nathaniel 
Waterston  Robert 
Watson  Joseph 
Watson  Joseph 
Webb  F.  H. 
Webber  Aaron  D. 
Webster  W.  E. 
Weeks  E.  Maria 
Weeks  James  H. 
Welch  Francis 
Weld  George  W. 
Weld  Samuel  B. 
Weld  William  F. 


Weld  William  G. 
Welles  George  Derby 
Welles  John 
Wellington  Alfred  A. 
Wellington  A  very 
Wells  Charles 
Wells  John  B. 
Wells  P.  Francis 
Weltch  Samuel 
Wentworth  Arioch 
Wentworth  James 
Wentworth  Samuel 
Wenzell  Henry  Burleigh 
West  Joseph 
Wetherell  A.  E. 
Wetherell  H.  B. 
Wetherell  H.  R. 
Wetherell,  Stone  &  Co. 
Wheeler  Gilham  B. 
Wheeler  Joel 
Wheelock  George  G. 
Wheelock  E.  W. 
Wheelwright  &  Cobb 
Whipple  John  A. 
Whitcomb  John  D. 
Whitcomb  H.  G. 
White  A.  J. 
White  C.  L. 
White  Charles  E. 
White  David,  Jr. 
White  Horace  A. 
White  J.  Jr. 
White  James  A. 
White  John  W. 
White  Lyman 
White  William  F. 
Whiting,  Kehoe  &  Galloupe 
Whiting  Oliver  R. 
Whitman  Joseph  H. 


LIST   OF   CONTRIBUTORS. 


411 


Whitney,  Fenno,  Shaw  &  Co. 
Whitney  H.  A. 
Whitney  Joseph  &  Co. 
Whitney  William  F.  &  Son 
Whiton  Charles  V. 
Whiton  Ebed 
Whiton  Henry 
Whiton  K.  Jr. 
Whiton,  Tram  &  Co. 
Whittemore  Aug. 
Whittemore  James  F. 
Whittemore  John  M. 
Whittemore  W.  &  F.  H.  &  Co. 
Whittle  William  J. 
Whitwell,  Brothers  &  Co. 
Whitwell  F.  A. 
Wightman  Joseph  M. 
Wilbur  E.  P. 
Wilcutt  L.  L. 
Wild  James  C. 
Wilder  C.  B. 
Wilder  C.  T. 
Wilder  John  E. 
Wilkins  Henry  E. 
Wilkins  J.  H. 
Wilkinson,  Stetson  &  Co. 
Willard  0.  A. 
Willard  Zabdiel  A. 
Williams  E.  L. 
Williams  Elijah 
Williams  Francis  S. 
Williams  G.  Foster 
Williams  Lewis  W. 
Williams  Samuel  S. 
Williams  Sidney  B. 
Williamson  George 
Willis  Clement 
Wilmarth  H.  D. 


Wilson  Alexander  W. 
Wilson  John,  Jr. 
Wilson  William 
Wilson  William  H. 
Winchester  E.  A.  &  W. 
Winn  Moses  F. 
Winship  I.  Bradlee 
Winslow  G.  S. 
Winsor  A. 

Winsor  Nathaniel,  Jr. 
Winter  Francis  B. 
Winthrop  John 
Winthrop  Robert  C. 
Wisner  Abbott  Lawrence 

Wisner  Charles  Francis 

Wisner  Evelina 

Wisner  George  Parkei 

Withington  Henry  H. 

Withington  W.  H. 

Wolcott  Huntington  F. 

Wolcott  J.  H. 

Wolcott  Roger 

Wood  Hamilton 

Wood  William  H. 

Woodbury  Charles 

Woodbury  William  W. 

Woods  Joseph  W. 

Woods  William 

Woolson  James  A. 

Worster  John  E. 

Wright  Albert  J. 

Wright  Edmund 

Wright  Isaac  H. 

Wright  &  Whitman 

Wyman  A.  G.  Jr. 

Wyman  Abraham  G. 

Wyman  J.  D. 


412  APPENDIX. 

Yale  Rufus  M.  Young  Ammi  B. 

Yendall  George  Young  Isaiah  B. 

York  Henry  Young  William 

Zane  William  C. 


THE  LIBRARY 
UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA 

Santa  Barbara 


THIS  BOOK  IS  DUE  ON  THE  LAST  DATE 
STAMPED  BELOW. 


Series  9482 


3   1205  00207  3193 


W  .S.9YJHERN  REG  ONAL  LIBRARY  FACILITY 


•  •  :      .  '. 


